试论我国海岸侵蚀信息系统的建立

本文通过对我国海岸侵蚀特点的分析,阐述了建立海岸侵蚀信息系统的必要性和基本方法,并给出了相应的结论。     

玉米栽培研究中的数据库管理系统应用程序

本系统是为玉米高产、稳产栽培试验研究而编制的。作者着重介绍数据库管理系统与应用程序包之间交互作用,数据库的条件检索方法以及整个系统的结构和功能。研究过程中证实,使用本系统大大提高了工作效率。     

含羟基西佛碱型大环冠醚铜(Ⅱ)、锌(Ⅱ)配合物的合成与表征

利用模板法合成 1种新的含醇羟基西佛碱型大环冠醚 L (7,11-二氮杂 - 3,15 -二氧杂 - 4 ,5 ;8,10 ;13,14-三苯并环十六 - 6 ,11-二烯 - 1-醇 )的铜、锌配合物。经元素分析 ,IR、MS分析确定配合物的组成 M(L2 ) (NO3 ) 2 及其配位情况 ,由模板反应得到 [1+ 1]型西佛碱大环化合物。 DMF溶液中的电导数据证实它们均属非电离型 ,并运用 TG- DTA分析比较铜、锌配合物的热稳定性。     

数据质量控制原理及其程序设计

对地震数据记录类型及结构进行了全面的分析,提出了地震数据库录入数 据质量控制的原理,检验方式及程序设计方法,根据其原理研制的质量控制检 验程序,已应用于山西地震综合数据处理系统的建库工作中,使数据库数据质 量指标达到国家地震局《区域综合地震数据库技术规范》的要求。     

Intelligent control for modeling of real‐time reservoir operation,part II: artificial neural network with operating rule curves

To bridge the gap between academic research and actual operation, we propose an intelligent control system for reservoir operation. The methodology includes two major processes, the knowledge acquired and implemented, and the inference system. In this study, a genetic algorithm (GA) and a fuzzy rule base (FRB) are used to extract knowledge based on the historical inflow data with a design objective function and on the operating rule curves respectively. The adaptive network‐based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is then used to implement the knowledge, to create the fuzzy inference system, and then to estimate the optimal reservoir operation. To investigate its applicability and practicability, the Shihmen reservoir, Taiwan, is used as a case study. For the purpose of comparison, a simulation of the currently used M‐5 operating rule curve is also performed. The results demonstrate that (1) the GA is an efficient way to search the optimal input–output patterns, (2) the FRB can extract the knowledge from the operating rule curves, and (3) the ANFIS models built on different types of knowledge can produce much better performance than the traditional M‐5 curves in real‐time reservoir operation. Moreover, we show that the model can be more intelligent for reservoir operation if more information (or knowledge) is involved. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A solution to estimate the total and effective stresses in backfilled stopes with an impervious base during the filling operation of cohesionless backfill

Mining backfill is commonly used in underground mines. A critical concern of this practice is to evaluate the pressures and total stresses in backfilled stopes to ensure a safe and economic design of barricades, constructed to retain the backfill. When a slurried backfill is placed in a mine stope, excess pore water pressure (PWP) can instantaneously generate and progressively dissipate. The dissipation of the excess PWP and consolidation lead to the development of effective stresses, which in turn lead to an arching effect in the backfilled stope. Until now, arching effect has been largely considered for stress estimation in dry or submerged backfill. The former corresponds to the final state at the end process of the drainage and consolidation of the backfill with a pervious while the latter with an impervious barricade. However, previous studies have shown that the most critical moment for the stability of barricades is during the stope filling. Therefore, the design of barricades requires a proper estimation of the pressure and total stresses during the filling operation. This in turn needs joint consideration of the arching effect and consolidation of the backfill. In this paper, a new solution is developed to evaluate the pressures and stresses in backfilled stopes during the filling operation of cohesionless backfill by considering the self-weight consolidation and arching effect. The proposed solution is validated by numerical modeling with Plaxis2D. It can thus be used to evaluate the pressures and stresses in backfilled stopes during the stope filling with an impervious barricade.     

长江经济带某石化场地土壤中污染物分布与微生物特征

从长江经济带某在役石化场地采集了3个点位不同深度的土壤样品,测定了石油烃等污染物的含量和微生物的群落结构,以揭示污染物分布规律和微生物特征。结果显示,3个点位污染程度不同,但污染物含量均随深度先升高后降低,最高含量均出现在埋深4.0 m左右,即地下水位附近。土壤中C6-C9高达5 302 mg/kg,C10-C40高达625.6 mg/kg,芳烃高达455.2 mg/kg,卤代烃高达41.54 mg/kg。土壤微生物的丰富度和多样性随深度增加而降低,同一深度土壤微生物的丰富度和多样性随污染物含量增大而降低。门水平上Actinobacteria、Firmicutes和Spirochaetes的相对丰度和石油烃含量显著正相关(p<0.05),属水平上Streptomyces、SCADC1-2-3、Desulfitobacterium和Cryptanaerobacter的相对丰度和石油烃含量显著正相关(p<0.05)。     

改进的岩质凸块的超载储备极限平衡法

脱离模式是块体理论提出的有限可动块体的失稳模式之一。虽然直接塌落是地下工程中最常见的失稳现象,但是目前依然缺少适用的定量分析方法,这使得地下工程的开挖和加固设计缺乏必要的理论支撑。为此,提出了一种改进的考虑渐进破坏的岩块稳定分析方法。主要改进了3处：(1)引入超载基数和超载方向两个参数来量化描述储备荷载;(2)提出了Tan和Scal两种超载基数设定方式;(3)超载方向设定在节理锥的边界扇面上。算例验证结果表明,改进方法完全兼容现有双面滑模式的安全系数算法,实现了脱离模式的定量稳定性分析。最后,讨论了改进方法的刚度参数取值方法及其敏感性。     

云底高度的地基毫米波云雷达观测及其对比

对2014年11月20日—12月31日中国气象局大气探测综合试验基地Ka波段毫米波云雷达、Vaisala CL51激光云高仪、L波段高空探测系统观测的云底高度进行对比分析。结果表明:在低能见度条件下,毫米波云雷达对云的探测能力明显优于激光云高仪,随着能见度的增加,两设备云探测能力差距在减小;毫米波云雷达与激光云高仪同时观测到有云时,二者观测的云底高度相关系数为0.92;毫米波云雷达与探空观测云底、云顶高度的相关系数分别为0.93和0.78;云雷达观测的云底高度均略低于激光云高仪和探空,云雷达观测的云顶高度略高于探空。     

基于CORS的高精度实时坐标转换方法探究

通过区域坐标转换将GPS测量成果转化为1980年国家大地坐标系或CGCS2000国家大地坐标系下的平面直角坐标,在测量中尤为重要。CORS系统的坐标转换虽存在诸多不足,但基于CORS能够实现双向数据通信。文章根据狄洛尼(Delaunay)三角形构建基准站网络的特点,提出了通过实时获取坐标转换参数而获得高精度平面坐标的方法,从数据分析和理论的角度进行了可行性探究。