基于排队论的销售模型分析

为降低企业销售时的综合成本,利用随机服务系统理论分析了顾客到达企业时的排队方式,得出单队多服务通道比多队多服务通道排队方式更优;分析了窗口之间相互帮助、同时为k个顾客服务、服务率可变、有多个顾客类以及是否需要雇佣帮手等多个服务模型,为企业选择适合自己的服务方式提供理论依据,并结合例题说明了选择恰当的服务方式能有效降低综合成本;还分析了库存容量对综合成本的影响,并得出最优库存容量.     

层状地质体的三维模拟与可视化

文中探讨了层状地质体的三维模拟与可视化方法和技术。地质数据通常是有限的、空间上分布不均匀的点数据 ,需要大量使用插值技术来形成合理的模型。简单层状实体可在二维插值的基础上 ,按照这些面的空间位置叠加 ,形成三维体模型。复杂的层状体包括沉积相以及一些物性参数的空间变化 ,断层等形成的不连续以及复杂的褶皱等。这些实体的模拟与可视化 ,需要进行三维插值 ,并根据不同现象的特点选择合适的方法。合理的专家知识或地质解释的交互加入 ,是形成合理的三维模型的关键。     

基于布尔运算的复杂块体几何形态分析一般方法

提出采用布尔运算进行三维复杂块体形态分析的一般方法,并采用C++语言编写了相应的程序。块体布尔运算是将参与运算的主块体和客块体进行交、并或差运算,得到形态更加复杂的块体。为描述块体内部非贯通结构面,在块体数据结构中引入退化有向壳,允许块体中混合维度模型的存在。将主块体各面分别与客块体各面进行面-面求交线运算,通过环路分析得到各块体分割后的面。根据具体采用的布尔运算方法,确定有效面和无效面,并将有效面进行搜索得到新的壳和块体。选取3个算例和1个典型工程实例来验证该方法的可行性和应用性。计算结果表明,该方法可以生成形态更加复杂的块体,可以很方便地处理块体中的结构面,具有普遍性和适应性,并具有广泛的实际应用价值。     

基于全耦合模型的海上吊装作业动力响应特征研究

针对现有海上吊装模拟方法不能有效考虑浮吊船舶—系泊系统—吊物系统之间的动态耦合,难以实现基座回转、吊臂变幅连续模拟问题,基于Matlab/Simulink、ADAMS联合仿真平台建立了海上吊装作业全耦合动力分析模型,探究了中长周期波作用下波浪周期、吊缆收放、基座回转、吊臂变幅等参数变化对吊装作业系统动力响应的影响规律。结果表明,波浪周期接近吊物系统固有周期时会引发共振,导致吊物摇摆幅值显著增加。基座回转、吊臂变幅等因改变了吊物的空间位置从而引发了浮吊船舶倾覆力矩的变化,进而对浮吊船舶运动响应产生显著影响。当基座回转90°后,浮吊船舶的横倾角增加约2.74°。     

气泡羽流的研究进展和应用

从试验、积分羽流模型、CFD模型方面综述了气泡羽流的研究现状。在此基础上,介绍了一些应用领域的研究进展,包括海上天然气泄露、海上溢油的围控、水处理和污水处理以及疏浚工程。     

Application of human reliability analysis to repair & maintenance operations on-board ships: The case of HFO purifier overhauling

Maintenance and repair at the operational level is a critical function to comply with the standard of competence for officers in charge of an engineering watch in a manned/unmanned ship engine room. The human factor in ship maintenance especially deals with fulfilling of the required competency about dismantling, inspecting, repairing and reassembling equipment in accordance with manuals and good practice stated in STCW Code, as amended in 2010. This study extends the shipboard operation human reliability analysis (SOHRA) through the marine auxiliary machinery maintenance operations. The approach involves the determined marine-specific error producing conditions (EPC) and generic task type parameters to quantify generic error probability (GEP) values along with the subtasks of the maintenance operation. To acquire the EPC and GEP values, the real case study on heavy fuel oil (HFO) purifier overhauling considers different operating conditions on-board selected five ships in a dry bulk fleet. The case study shows that human error probability (HEP) values of tasks in maintenance operation change in regard to ship operating conditions. Consequently, the study contributes to the marine engineering field in improving the human factor in ship repair and maintenance operations. This approach is further extended by incorporating maintenance 4.0 requirements into ship operating environment to conduct scenario-based task analysis.     

黄河三角洲沿海滩涂井场填方设计与施工

中国地质调查局“海域天然气水合物陆地试采工程”项目组在山东省东营市的沿海滩涂地区建设了一处钻井试验基地。该钻井井场地基土是黄河三角洲的典型粉沙质粘土,存在微振液化特性。对比填方方案在造价、工期、环保和适用性等方面的优缺点,选择灰土垫层施工方案并严格控制施工质量。灰土垫层可以形成有效的隔水层,隔离地下水上升通道和地表水下渗通道,切断微振液化的根源,同时杜绝场地内工程污水的下渗。填方施工全程采用静压压实填土配比,避免了孔隙水上升、土体产生微振液化效应。填方区域分为重载区和轻载区,采用不同的填方方案,既满足了承载力要求,又节约了成本。该填方方案取得了良好的施工效果,为试验基地的顺利运行提供了保障。     

野外地质调查作业管理与安全保障系统设计与实现

基于北斗导航定位、遥感卫星以及基础地理空间信息承载与综合显示平台而建立的野外地质调查作业管理与安全保障系统,采用组件化、平台化的系统体系结构,具备强大且灵活的可扩展性和可集成性。该系统可实现野外地质调查区域基础遥感影像、GIS和DEM数据等的分层显示、北斗通讯和导航信息的实时显示、通讯历史记录和定位信息的查询、野外地质调查人员的通讯与定位等;同时可实现野外地质调查人员与各级管理部门的互联互通,管理部门对野外作业人员的作业态势、作业进度可进行综合查询,对野外作业人员的外勤安全、遇险救援提供决策支撑。该系统在部分野外地质调查示范单位运行效果良好。      

Overview of the development history of China’s typhoon research and operational work in the past century

Because typhoons are one of the most major natural disasters in the southeastern coastal areas of China,great attention has been paid to the prevention and mitigation of the disasters caused by typhoons.Over the past century,significant progress has been made in typhoon-related scientific research and operational work in China,including the construction of a network of typhoon monitoring stations,the establishment of forecasting operation systems,early warning and prevention of typhoon-related disasters,and the research of basic theories of typhoon behaviors and key forecasting technologies.This paper briefly reviews the milestones in the development history of typhoon research in China over the past century and a half in order to commemorate the predecessors,especially those who made historical contributions to the advancement of typhoon research since the economic and cultural reforms known as the"Opening of China",who provided historical references which enabled China to become an international leader in the field of typhoon science and technology.