斜压海洋动力学的一种三维数值模式 Ⅰ.动力学方程数值格式

依据自由海面海洋动力学原始方程建立了一种三维有限差分数值模式,可用于潮波、风暴潮和海流的数值模拟和预报。运动方程和连续方程的数值格式采用内、外模态分离的技术。外模态采用交替方向隐格式,用于计算海面高度和垂直平均流速,时间步长不受Ｃｏｕｒａｎｔ－Ｆｒｉｄｅｒｉｃｈｓ－Ｌｅｗｙ条件限制;内模态采用半隐格式,用于计算海流的垂直２颁布,其时间步长可大于外模态时间步长。模式的计算程度比一般显式模式可快１０倍     

Seasonal and interannual variations in the velocity field of the South China Sea

A three-dimensional numerical model is used to simulate sea level and velocity variations in the South China Sea for 1992–1995. The model is driven by daily wind and daily sea surface temperature fields derived from the NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project. The four-year model outputs are analyzed using time-domain Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF). Spatial and temporal variations of the first two modes from the simulation compare favorably with those derived from satellite altimetry. Mode 1, which is associated with a southern gyre, shows symmetric seasonal reversal. Mode 2, which contributes to a northern gyre, is responsible for the asymmetric seasonal and interannual variations. In winter, the southern and northern cyclonic gyres combine into a strong basin-wide cyclonic gyre. In summer, a cyclonic northern gyre and an anticyclonic southern gyre form a dipole with a jet leaving the coast of Vietnam. Interannual variations are particularly noticeable during El Niño. The winter gyre is generally weakened and confined to the southern basin, and the summer dipole structure does not form. Vertical motions weaken accordingly with the basin-wide circulation. Variations of the wind stress curl in the first two EOF modes coincide with those of the model-derived sea level and horizontal velocities. The mode 1 wind stress curl, significant in the southern basin, coincides with the reversal of the southern gyre. The mode 2 curl, large in the central basin, is responsible for the asymmetry in the winter and summer gyres. Lack of the mode 2 contribution during El Niño events weakens the circulation. The agreement indicates that changes in the wind stress curl contribute to the seasonal and interannual variations in the South China Sea.     

海洋光学遥感器的辐射定标与数据真实性检验综述

遥感数据定量化应用遥感技术深入发展亟须解决的重要课题,对遥感器进行辐射定标,对遥感数据进行真实性检验的工作已在深入开展,本文介绍了国际关于定标／真实性检验的组织及分工概况,简要阐述了定标／真实性检验的概念与做法,着重讨论了与海洋光学遥感器有关的辐射定标／真实性检验,综述了国外在这方面的若干做法,并在我们工作的基础上提出了开展此项工作的几个关键问题及中能解决的途径。     

05106型海洋风传感器简介

本文介绍了美国Ｒ．Ｍ．ＹＯＵＮＧ公司的新产品－０５１０６型海洋风传感器,并简单地分析了Ｒ．Ｍ．ＹＯＵＮＧ公司在该风传感器中采用的关键技术。     

国内外海洋资料浮标技术现状与发展

海洋资料浮标是长期连续进行海洋监测的主要手段之一。本文简单介绍了国内外海洋资料浮标技术的现状与发展及浮标在我国海洋监测中的应用情况,提出了我国资料浮标技术的研究与发展设想。     

东准噶尔造山带泥盆系沉积相及古地理环境

东准噶尔造山带纸房地区自晚志留世—泥盆纪可划分为哈甫提克山、绵脊梁、色克森巴依、塔克札勒、博格达五个构造沉积区。各个构造沉积区的沉积盆地内有各自的沉积相特征 ,且反映不同的古地理环境。晚志留世—早泥盆世早期海域自西向东逐渐扩大 ,在其加里东期地体 (微地块 )外围形成近 EW向带状海槽 ,为滨海环境 ;早泥盆世晚期—中泥盆世形成全区域性海侵 ,从滨浅海—半深海环境均存在 ,以滨浅海为主 ;晚泥盆世为多岛洋的鼎盛时期 ,属有限洋盆。自北往南为海陆过渡环境—浅海环境—半深海环境     

江淮异常梅雨

对江淮流域1885～1998年的特别丰、枯梅雨进行研究,重点论述近60年中4个重大丰梅年和三个空梅年的降水特点、异常变化、前期有关特征及严重后延影响等,并提出讨论意见。     

Numerical simulation of the regional ocean circulation in the coastal areas of china

The regional ocean circulation in the coastal areas or China (including a part of the western Pacific Ocean, the South China Sea and the Bay of Bengal el al.) is simulated by using the improved Princeton Uni-versity ocean circulation model (POM). Compared with the modeling results obtained by the large-scale ocean general circulation model (OGCM), the basic ocean circulation features simulated by the regional ocean circulation model are in good agreement with that simulated by OGCM and some detailed character-istics such as the regional ocean circulation, sea temperature, salinity and free sea surface height have also been obtained which are in good accord with the observations. These results indicate that the regional ocean circulation model has good capability to produce the regional ocean circulation characteristics and it can be used to develop coupled regional ocean-atmospheric model systems.     

ERS散射计全球海面风场数据处理与ElNino海面风场异常观测

星载散射测量技术是获取全球海面风场的有效手段。该文研究了欧洲遥感卫星（ＥＲＳ） 散射计全球海面风场数据的处理分析技术。对１９９７ 年３ 月、６ 月和１２ 月的全球海面风场数据进行平均处理,并同时与１９９６ 年６ 月和１９９５ 年１０ 月的观测数据进行对比,利用遥感技术发现了赤道太平洋西部的风场异常,从遥感资料上分析了１９９７ 年Ｅｌ Ｎｉｎｏ 现象的海面风场（ 风速与风向） 异常变化特征。研究结果显示了星载微波散射计在全球变化监测中的重要作用。     

Application of Weibull model for redefined significant wave height distributions

It is well accepted that the parent distribution for individual ocean wave heights follows the Weibull model. However this model does not simulate significant wave height which is the average of the highest one-third of some ‘n’ (n- varies) wave heights in a wave record. It is now proposed to redefine significant wave height as average of the highest one-third of a constant number (n-constant, say,n = 100) of consecutive individual wave heights. The Weibull model is suggested for simulating redefined significant wave height distribution by the method of characteristic function. An empirical support of 100.00% is established by Χ²-test at 0.05 level of significance for 3 sets of data at 0900, 1200 and 1500 hrs at Valiathura, Kerala coast. Parametric relations have been derived for the redefined significant wave height parameters such as mean, maximum one-third average, extreme wave heights, return periods of an extreme wave height and the probability of realising an extreme wave height in a time less than the designated return period.