基于索引图的大比例尺图幅自动接边方法研究

针对图幅接边中存在的问题和难点,提出了一套基于索引图多幅大比例尺地图自动接边的方法,采用了组件式编程方法,实现了简单化和自动化图幅接边的功能.     

IGS测站的非线性变化研究

基于坐标模式的广义网平差模型，利用IGS发布的对GPS全球站处理后形成的单天解SINEX文件，通过自编软件计算了IGS测站的时间序列，并发现IGS测站存在非线性变化。利用频谱分析方法得出了IGS测站存在年周期或半年周期的变化，同时利用经验模型建立了IGS测站的测站速度函数。指出了仅利用1个线性量估计IGS跟踪站的速度值会存在偏差，应建立周期性变化模型，或采用分段线性化的方法，每隔一定的时间给出1个对应的速度。     

网页中矢量地图显示的解决方案

在地理信息系统的Web站点开发中,我们遇到了很多棘手的问题,最直接的是矢量显示的问题,因为浏览器作为容器不具有处理矢量的能力,要达到这个目的,它需要嵌入其他有处理矢量能力的容器。目前,解决这个问题有两个方案:一是ActiveX控件技术;二是Java Applet技术。本文简单介绍一下两种技术,并主要讨论JavaApplet技术怎样实现矢量数据的显示。     

GML数据的Web可视化设计与实现

GML是GIS领域的通用交流语言,然而目前的浏览器并不支持GML,因此GML的Web可视化仍是GML应用需要解决的问题。为此,本论文提出了一种基于组件的可视化策略。该策略采用文档对象模型(DOM)进行GML模式文件和实例文件解析,按地理要素对GML进行数据分流/分层,然后分层可视化的办法,实现了GML数据的Web可视化。实践验证,该方法是切实可行的,且对于GML数据量较大时尤为有效。     

A TEST OF THREE FITTING CRITERIA FOR MULTIRESPONSE NON-LINEAR MODELING

This work evaluates objective functions for multiresponse non-linear modeling using computersimulations.Tests are performed under a variety of signal-to-noise ratios and noise variance-covariancestructures.The standard error of prediction for the model parameters,computed from 50 trials,is usedfor performance comparisons.The full rank and rank-deficient problems are considered.For the fullrank problem one model was investigated,a first-order two-step consecutive reaction model,and twoobjective functions were considered,the total sum of squares and the determinant criterion.Nodistinction could be made between the two objective functions for this model.For the rank-deficient case two models were investigated,a first-order two-step consecutive reactionas in the full rank case,and a pH titration model described by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.Three objective functions were investigated for the rank-deficient case,the total sum of squares,aweighted total sum of squares and the determinant criterion.The total sum of squares was found toperform poorly under all conditions tested compared to the weighted total sum of squares and thedeterminant criterion.The determinant criterion was found to perform much better than the other twocriteria when the data have a combination of a low signal-to-noise ratio and high variance-covariancenoise structure.     

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN MULTIVARIATE CALIBRATION

With the goal of understanding global chemical processes,environmental chemists have some of the mostcomplex sample analysis problems.Multivariate calibration is a tool that can be applied successfully inmany situations where traditional univariate analyses cannot.The purpose of this paper is to reviewmultivariate calibration,with an emphasis being placed on the developments in recent years.The inverseand classical models are discussed briefly,with the main emphasis on the biased calibration methods.Principal component regression(PCR)and partial least squares(PLS)are discussed,along with methodsfor quantitative and qualitative validation of the calibration models.Non-linear PCR,non-linear PLSand locally weighted regression are presented as calibration methods for non-linear data.Finally,calibration techniques using a matrix of data per sample(second-order calibration)are discussed briefly.     

主成分-聚类复合模型在水环境管理中的应用——以松花江吉林段为例

以松花江吉林段5年的监测资料为依据,采用主成分分析与聚类分析的复合模型,定量诊断出水污染因子对松花江吉林段的污染贡献率,合理划分出各类水环境管理区域,并提出相应的水环境管理措施。结果表明:松花江吉林段主要污染物是挥发酚、COD和氨氮,表现为有机污染和非点源污染;在水环境管理分区中,丰满-龙潭桥区域属于轻污染,为水源保护江段,龙潭桥-哨口区域属于重污染,为水环境控制江段,哨口-白旗区域属于中度污染状况,为水环境自净江段。这一工作的开展对于实施河流水环境总量控制,实现松花江吉林段水域的科学化分类管理具有一定的参考价值。     

组件式软件及其在GIS开发中的应用

介绍了组件技术的基本概念和原理,以图库管理系统为讨论了ＭａｐＸＯＣＸ控件的具体应用方法,少步骤和分发。