二维小波分析程序（Ⅱ）—安装与使用

研制了“二维小波分析”程序系统，旨在能够广泛地应用于地球物理数据处理和其他应用领域，这里介绍“二维小波分析”程序的运行环境、安装和使用方法步骤，展示程序的处理功能，介绍一些处理结果和应用效果。     

On the stability of a coupled ocean atmosphere system in the presence of wave-CISK

The stability of a simple coupled ocean-atmosphere system similar to the one studied by Hirst with general ocean thermodynamics is investigated in which the atmospheric heating is determined by sea surface temperature anomalies as well as the convergence feedback (low level moisture convergence by the waves themselves). It is shown that the unstable coupled mode found by Hirst (UH mode) is profoundly modified by the convergence feedback. The feedback increases the unstable range of the UH mode and can increase its growth rate several folds. The maximally growing UH mode can become westward propagating for certain strength of convergence feedback. If the convergence feedback strength exceeds a critical value, several new unstable intraseasonal modes are also introduced. These modes are basically ‘advective’ modes. For relatively weak strengths of the convergence feedback the growth rates of these modes are smaller than that of the UH mode. As the atmosphere approaches ‘moist neutral’ state, the growth rates of these modes could become comparable or even larger than that of the UH mode. It is argued that these results explain why the El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) signal is clear in the eastern Pacific but not so in the western Pacific and they may also explain some of the differences between individual ENSO events. Our results also explain the aperiodic behaviour of some coupled numerical models. Importance of this process in explaining the observed aperiodicity of the ENSO phenomenon is indicated.     

Integrated surface–groundwater flow modeling: A free-surface overland flow boundary condition in a parallel groundwater flow model

Interactions between surface and groundwater are a key component of the hydrologic budget on the watershed scale. Models that honor these interactions are commonly based on the conductance concept that presumes a distinct interface at the land surface, separating the surface from the subsurface domain. These types of models link the subsurface and surface domains via an exchange flux that depends upon the magnitude and direction of the hydraulic gradient across the interface and a proportionality constant (a measure of the hydraulic connectivity). Because experimental evidence of such a distinct interface is often lacking in field systems, there is a need for a more general coupled modeling approach.     

小波分析在重力界面反演中的应用

基于Parker-Oldenburg反演方法，分析了低通滤波器B（K）的不同阈值对位场分离的影响。分别采用小波变换和低通滤波对青藏高原地区布格重力异常进行了位场分解和莫霍面反演，并将反演结果与地震资料作比较。结果表明，在重力位场分解中小波多尺度分解可以代替低通滤波器B（K），避免了闻值的选取。     

一种面向对象的4层空间数据模型

针对“空间数据是否要建立拓扑关系并在数据库中显式地存储记录”一直是G IS领域争论的问题,给出了解决方案:融合拓扑关系数据模型和面向实体数据模型,进而在分析和总结现有数据模型的基础上提出了一种面向对象的4层空间数据模型。对模型作了4个层次划分:几何对象、基本和复杂要素、分层与分区以及多尺度表达。模型具有3个特点,即多尺度描述地理空间;能描述不同要素层、不同区之间的关系;用户可根据实际情况自定义要素层拓扑关系。最后给出了模型在自主开发的地理数据库管理平台Geoinfo中的应用情况。     

多尺度空间对象拓扑相似关系的表达与计算

研究了空间数据多尺度表达中,在进行模型综合时空间对象拓扑关系的表达、变化和相似性。基于空间对象之间拓扑关系的概念邻域,给出了空间对象拓扑关系相似性的定义以及在数字景观模型中拓扑关系相似性的度量方法,为空间数据的多尺度表达提供了拓扑关系分析和评价手段。     

Multi-scale wavelet separation of aeromagnetic anomaly and study of faults in Beijing area

Introduction As the capital of China, Beijing is a major political, economic and cultural center. In 2008, it will host the Olympic Games. Therefore, Beijing is of great importance in our national undertak-ing in guarding against earthquakes and reducing their damages. The Chinese Capital Circle re-gion has always been attached great importance in monitoring earthquakes by the China Earth-quake Administration, and as the kernel of the Capital Circle region, Beijing is the key area for ea…     

Galvanic interactions between galena–sphalerite and their reactivity

The galvanic effect between the main associated mineralogical phases in a mineral sphalerite concentrate was evaluated using an alternative methodology. Comparative voltammetric studies were performed between high purity galena mineral (94.65%) and sphalerite concentrate (content of 78.11% sphalerite, ZnS; 13.64% galena, PbS; 0.57% chalcopyrite, CuFeS₂; 0.41% cadmium sulfide, CdS; and 0.11% arsenopyrite, FeAsS) using carbon paste electrodes (CPE) in order to identify galvanic interactions that affect their reactivity. The electrolyte was an aqueous solution of 0.1 M NaNO₃ (pH 6.5). The results showed that, in sphalerite concentrate, the electrochemical reactivity of the galena was diminished and displaced to more positive potentials with respect to the high purity galena mineral response. This behavior can be attributed to the galvanic protection offered by the sphalerite on the galena, thereby avoiding its free oxidation. On the other hand, sphalerite oxidation was diminished by the formation of a passive products film that is dissolved to more positive potentials which provokes oxidation of other minerals like CuFeS₂, (Zn,Cd)S and FeAsS present in a minor proportion in the sphalerite concentrate.     

Addressing Hurricane Intensity through Angular Momentum and Scale Energetics Approaches

This paper addresses two avenues for gaining insight into the hurricane intensity issue—the angular momentum approach and the scale interaction approach. In the angular momentum framework, the torques acting on a parcel's angular momentum are considered along an inflowing trajectory in order to construct the angular momentum budget. These torques are separable into three components: The pressure torque, the surface friction torque, and the cloud torque. All torques are found to diminish the angular momentum of an inflowing parcel, with the cloud torques having the most important role. In the scale interaction approach, energy exchanges among different scales within a hurricane are considered as a means of understanding hurricane intensity. It is found that the majority of kinetic energy contribution to the hurricane scales originates from potential-to-kinetic in-scale energy conversions. The contribution of mean-wave interactions in the kinetic energy varies with distance from the center and with the life stage of a storm. In the early stages, as the disorganized convection becomes organized on the hurricane scales, upscale energy transfers (i.e., from small to large scale) are found to take place in the outer radii of the storm. In a mature storm, the kinetic energy transfers are downscale, except for the inner radii.     

多尺度的DMC彩色合成影像辐射再处理方法

在分析DMC（digital mapping camera）彩色合成影像存在的色彩过渡不平滑现象的特点和成因的基础上,提出了一种多尺度辐射再处理方法来改善影像质量。该方法采用多尺度处理策略,能自动定位拼接线和过渡区域的具体位置。实验表明,本文方法能够有效地改善DMC彩色合成影像的质量。