Computational Techniques of 2D Tidal Flow in Estuaries and Bays

- Some problems in the numerical calculation of tidal flow in estuaries and bays, such as distribution bed roughness, relationship between model moving boundary and water volume balance, remedy of certain shortage under open boundary conditions, smooth transfer of the controlling message for the inner boundaries of nested model, can not be solved usually by means of the fundamental equations and computing mode adopted in the numerical model, but can be done by the measures which not only satisfy the physical features but also are convenient for operation. Based on the calculated samples of some areas of Modaomen, Lingdingyang and Huangmaohai of the Pearl River Estuary, and Shuidong Bay (a typical barrier- lagoon tidal channel) in Guangdong Province, method and process of calculation for the above mentioned problems are briefly presented in this paper.     

Numerical investigation of the effects of upwelling on harmful algal blooms off the west Florida coast

The initiation of the toxic harmful algal bloom (HAB), Karenia brevis, along the west Florida coast has been associated with upwelling events. Upwelling processes may be responsible for the transport of nutrients or algae from deep offshore locations across the Florida shelf to the coast. The influence of coastal wind-driven upwelling on the onset and occurrences of K. brevis in this region was numerically investigated using Rutgers University's Regional Ocean Modeling System. Computations were carried out in an idealized model domain, a two-dimensional slice in the cross-shore and vertical directions. The surface forcing data used was from several offshore meteorological buoys. The motion of the algae was simulated using Lagrangian particles and a passive tracer. The numerical simulations of three K. brevis events in 2000–2002 showed that the particles respond (with upwelling/downwelling) to the along-shore wind stresses as expected and some upwelling was present during the events. Comparison of the passive tracer fields with measured fluorescence data exposed the model's sensitivity to the particular surface forcing data employed and the relatively more significant role played by surface forcing over initial conditions. The present model set-up constitutes a useful predictive tool for conditions conducive to the onset of HABs. It is planned to be used in a real-time mode to aid the NOAA HAB monitoring and forecasting system.     

AUV Local Path Planning Based on Acoustic Image Processing

The forward-looking image sonar is a necessary vision device for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles （AUV）. Based on the acoustic image received from forward-looking image sonar, AUV local path is planned. When the environment model is made to adapt to local path planning, an iterative algorithm of binary conversion is used for image segmentation. Raw data of the acoustic image, which were received from serial port, are processed. By the use of ＂Mathematic Morphology＂ to filter noise, a mathematic model of environment for local path planning is established after coordinate transformation. The optimal path is searched by the distant transmission （Dt） algorithm. Simulation is conducted for the analysis of the algorithm. Experiment on the sea proves it reliable.     

基于移动基准站的舰船系统试验数据处理方法研究

针对舰船系统试验基准数据处理利用GNSS定位数据通过固定基准站差分解算后再获得相对关系解算的不足,分析该方法面临的难题及难以满足远距离大航区试验的现实问题,提出基于载波相位实时动态差分处理的移动基准站解算方法。在研究GNSS差分定位原理基础上,结合经典载波相位双差方法,通过单历元实时差分,建立无固定基准站的相对数据解算模型。基于采集的实测数据,分析基线解算精度,验证所提出方法在舰船系统试验基准数据处理中的可行性和质量效果。     

进化策略路径损耗模型的室内定位应用

针对传统路径损耗模型经验参数在室内环境应用中的不足,该文提出了一种基于进化策略的损耗模型参数估计方法。采用启发式的随机搜索方式应用于复杂环境条件下的射频信号建模问题,输出模型较好地拟合了信号衰减曲线,20m范围内误差小于3.7dBm。利用获取模型提供参考节点加权因子,结合加权最邻近算法下的均值法和贝叶斯算法,实现了由二维平面演进到三维空间内的有效定位,平均定位误差可控制在3.4m以内。     

地质灾害应急中无人机运输与飞行路径规划

描述了无人机在地质灾害应急事件中的应用及其特点,介绍了地质灾害应急调查事件中无人机运输与无人机飞行路径规划的必要性,并在此基础上简单阐述了对无人机运输路径的规划规则及其规划算法,以及无人机飞行路径的规划流程和约束条件等内容。     

基于熵权TOPSIS法的房地产业对新型城镇化通径分析——以海南省五指山市为例

以21世纪以来特别是"十二五"时期新型城镇化与房地产相关数据为样本,运用改进的熵权TOPSIS法对新型城镇化质量综合测度,采用通径分析法研究五指山市房地产各指标对新型城镇化的影响作用程度。结果表明:2009—2014年五指山的新型城镇化质量综合水平呈现稳步上升状态,始终处于中级与良好状态;2014年新型城镇化各指标发展程度由小到大依次为人口城镇化、土地城镇化、经济城镇化、生活城镇化和社会城镇化,人口与土地始终是制约五指山新型城镇化快速发展的关键因素;商品房销售均价、房地产开发投资额、经济适用房总计划投资额与新型城镇化呈正相关,对新型城镇化的影响作用依次减小,新开工房屋面积与新型城镇化质量呈负相关,但影响作用程度较微弱。     

1949—2015年北上热带气旋特征

利用1949—2015年CMA STI热带气旋(TC：Tropical Cyclone)最佳路径数据集、NCEP25°×25°再分析资料及常规资料,对北上TC特征进行研究。结果表明：1949—2015年进入北上定义区的TC共计91个,占西北太平洋（包含南海）TC总数41%,年平均14个;进入定义区最早5月,最晚9月,最多8月,但7月北上几率最大。依据TC运动形态特征将北上TC路径分为转向北上和直接北上两大类,其中转向北上TC转向之后路径与转向点密切联系,这对北上TC路径预报有重要意义。北上TC生成源地主要在8°~25°N,122°~155°E,不同路径北上TC源地纬度、经度分布有差异,源地偏北的TC未来转向点偏北和直接北上的可能性大。北上TC一般在定义区外20°N左右达到生命史最大强度,进入定义区后强度大多减弱为热带风暴,强度越强减弱速度越快;进入影响区后发生变性的TC明显增加。北上TC路径与西太平洋副热带高压的主体位置、形态和强度有关,副高西端高脊的引导气流决定北上TC未来路径是转向还是北上,西脊点的位置决定北上TC未来转向点的位置。不同路径北上TC暴雨和大风天气区分布存在差异,中纬转向、高纬转向和直接北上路径是造成北方强烈降水和大风的主要路径。     

Multi-granularity periodic activity discovery for moving objects

With the development of location-based services, more moving objects can be traced and a great deal of trajectory data can be collected. Periodicity is very commonly used to analyse the habits of moving objects, so finding objects’ periodic patterns can aid in understanding their behaviour. However, objects’ periodic patterns are always unknown previously, and describing their periods with different granularities will create some surprised findings. This article proposes a multi-granularity periodic activity discovery (MPAD) approach for moving objects. First, a multi-granularity model is introduced to describe the spatial and temporal information of an object’s activities. Then, two algorithms, namely, spatial first and temporal first multi-granularity activity discovery algorithms, are provided to transfer objects’ activities into different granularities. Finally, a novel periodic discovery algorithm is described to find the periodicities of objects’ activities. Experiments on both synthetic and real datasets demonstrate both the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed work and its notably improved running performance compared to the same algorithms. Additionally, the discovered periodic patterns are more practically significant.     

中国区域产业演化路径——基于技术关联性与技术复杂性的研究

论文基于技术关联性与技术复杂性划分出4类区域产业演化路径,利用2000—2016年中国海关进出口贸易数据库,集成不同类型新产业识别方法,在分析中国出口产业空间格局演变基础上重点研究了不同地区产业演化路径存在的差异及变化趋势。研究发现：① 中国出口产业经历了空间分散化过程。2000—2016年中国出口产业首先由粤闽地区向长三角核心城市和山东省等地转移,再向长三角外围城市、中西部省会城市和江西省等地转移。② 中国区域产业演化以路径依赖型为主,但发达地区有更强路径突破性。2000—2016年路径依赖型新产业占新产业总数的70%左右,路径突破型新产业占30%左右。中国东部沿海发达城市和中西部省会城市产业演化更具路径突破性,中西部普通地级市更具路径依赖性。③ 不论是路径依赖型产业分化还是路径突破型产业创生,新产业不必然具有更高技术复杂度。在路径依赖型新产业中,约一半的技术复杂度高于其在位母产业。在路径突破型新产业中,约2/3的技术复杂度高于城市平均水平。④ 不同地区产业演化路径存在较大差异,东部发达地区发展出更多路径突破型新产业,并且新产业技术复杂度高于城市平均水平;中西部普通地级市多充分利用现有知识与技术发展技术复杂度更低的新产业。从变化趋势来看,东部沿海地区路径突破且技术复杂度提高型新产业逐步增多,中西部普通地级市路径依赖且技术复杂度降低型新产业一直占有较高比重。因此,中国政府亟需制定政策推动中西部普通地级市产业发展的路径突破。