近30年巢湖流域土地利用变化及其驱动力研究

土地利用与覆被变化（LUCC）是全球变化的重要内容和主要表现之一,LUCC研究已成为全球变化研究的前沿和热点问题。基于多时相的TM影像数据,从流域尺度研究了巢湖流域的土地利用变化,分析探讨了土地利用变化的社会经济驱动力。研究结果表明,1979～2008年间巢湖流域的土地利用发生了比较明显的变化,主要表现在耕地锐减和建设用地激增;经济发展、城镇化、工业化、人口增加是造成巢湖流域土地利用变化的主要驱动力。     

豫西芦店滑动构造区瓦斯地质灾害的控制因素及相互作用机理

豫西芦店滑动构造区有严重的瓦斯突出及瓦斯爆炸等矿井地质灾害。本文根据“一式”、“二相”、“四场”的瓦斯研究新思路,运用地质学原理与方法,结合芦店滑动构造特征探讨瓦斯突出的众多地质因素及相互作用机理。这一研究无论是对瓦斯地质基础理论研究,还是对芦店滑动构造区的煤矿安全生产,乃至对中国东部伸展构造区煤矿安全开采,皆具有重要的理论与实践意义。     

吸附丝法吸附量的影响因素

探讨了影响吸附丝法吸附量的一些因素,认为活性炭的黑度、湿度对吸附量产生重要的影响,水分是影响吸附量的主要因素。因此,选用一定黑度的活性炭作为吸附剂,同时测试样品必须干燥才能取得较好的效果。     

陕西省镇安县金龙山金矿带控矿因素 与找矿方向分析

[摘要]金龙山金矿床主要赋矿地层为中泥盆统杨岭沟组的中厚层灰岩,上泥盆统南羊山组的粉 砂质(钙质)页岩夹中薄层灰岩,下石炭统袁家沟组的薄-中厚层灰岩、粉砂质灰岩。已知矿化体见于多 个层位的多种岩性岩石中。有利岩性对金矿化具有控制作用。金龙山矿区存在着明显的褶皱剪切带, 控制了以金、汞锑成矿带。由于受南北向构造的影响,本区存在着“东西成行,南北成列冶区域矿产的分 布特点。北东、北西断裂在有利岩性部位交汇形成的“米冶、“V冶,正是由于多组断裂的交汇形成了成矿 热液的通道,当这些透入性破裂构造发育在有利含矿岩层的剪切带上时,破碎岩石可直接构成工业矿 体。我们得出的金龙山金矿成矿热液来源于深部、向上运移中不断演化的混合热液,在有利的岩性与构 造成矿观点,在南秦岭沉积岩区金矿勘查领域可扩展许多地区,浸染状矿化有可能发现于除南羊山组之 外的四峡口、杨岭沟、冷水河、西口组,镇板断裂北侧的九里坪组、铁厂铺组等钙泥质粉砂岩层中;脉型矿 化可能发育于除袁家沟组、冷水河组之外的二叠系、三叠系的界河组、九里坪群灰岩中。     

吉林省永吉县刘来沟钼矿化探异常特征

本文依据土壤测量、岩石测量成果,研究了刘来沟钼矿化探异常的水平分带、垂直分带特征,并对刘来沟钼矿外围找矿进行了初步预测。     

The extent of desertification on Saudi Arabia

Desertification is the process that turns productive deserts into non-productive deserts as a result of poor land-management. Desertification reduces the ability of land to support life, affecting wild species, domestic animals, agricultural crops and humans. The reduction in plant cover that accompanies desertification leads to accelerated soil erosion by wind and water. South Africa is losing approximately 300–400 million tons of topsoil every year. As vegetation cover and soil layer are reduced, rain fall impact and run-off increases. This paper discusses the extent of desertification, its potential threat to sustained irrigated agriculture and possible measures adopted to control ongoing desertification processes to minimize the loss of agricultural productivity in an arid country such as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.     

基于遥感解译的西吉县黄土地震滑坡分布特征研究

1920年海原8.5级大地震在位于Ⅸ、Ⅹ度区的西吉县境内诱发了大量的群发性黄土地震滑坡,造成了惨重的人员伤亡和严重的生态破坏。本文在野外调查的基础上,运用Google Earth影像解译手段对研究区内的314处滑坡进行总结研究。总结了研究区地震滑坡的分布特征,并对滑坡形成的主要影响因素进行分析。根据本文的研究成果,对宁南山区的工程选址、建设开挖及防灾减灾工作提出几点参考建议。     

《大气一号》气球卫星轨道倾角变化分析

引起《大气一号》两颗气球卫星（ＤＱ－１Ａ和ＤＱ－１Ｂ）轨道倾角变化的摄动因素主要是太阳光压摄动、大气旋转和日月引力摄动。太阳光压摄动引起气球卫星轨道倾角增大，平均每天变化约０．００１７，大气旋转引起轨道倾角减小，平均每天变化不到０．０００１，但随着高度下降，变化量亦增大，陨落前达０．００２。本文根据卫星轨道摄动理论，给出气球卫星轨道倾角变化的一种定量分析方法，得到的分析结果为：（１）由太阳光压摄动     

赤魟软骨血管生成抑制因子的分离纯化

确定了制备高纯度赤魟软骨血管生成抑制因子的纯化工艺,并通过胶原酶模型、CAM模型验证其生物学活性。正交实验确定了赤魟软骨组织抽提的最佳条件,抽提产率可达0.84%。丙酮分级沉淀对抽提产物进行粗分离,25~35%的丙酮分级产物的CAM血管生成抑制率达85%。优化离子交换层析、凝胶过滤、反相层析的条件,可进一步有效的获得高纯度的赤魟软骨血管生成抑制因子-I(DCAIF-I)。SDS-PAGE-考马斯亮蓝染色显示为一条带,分子量为62 kDa。活性验证结果表明,DCAIF-I对胶原酶具有一定的抑制活性,抑制率为36.3%,对CAM血管生成的抑制活性具有一定的剂量依赖关系。     

The impact of overfishing and El Niño on the condition factor and reproductive success of Peruvian hake, Merluccius gayi peruanus

In this study we examine physiological responses of Peruvian hake (Merluccius gayi peruanus) to changes in their population structure and physical environment during the period 1971–2004. In particular, we assess the relative investment of energy in growth and/or reproduction of small (20–35 cm) and large (35–50 cm) hake. We calculated the (i) condition (Fulton’s K), (ii) gonad and (iii) gut fullness indices for 42,761 female hakes sampled from commercial landings; these indices indicate fish somatic, reproductive and feeding condition, respectively. Using Generalized Additive Models we then examined potential relationships between these indices and sea surface temperature anomalies and date. Drastic energy exhaustion and a decrease in female hake fecundity were observed during El Niño events. The long-term trend showed a general increase in condition factor and a decrease in gonad index for large hake between 1971 and 2004. Small hake exhibited a different trend with an increase in reproductive activity, which was accompanied by an earlier maturation. We hypothesise that the observed low investment of energy in reproduction by large female hake might be related to the lack of large males, due to a sex-selective fishery and the impact of El Niño. We suggest that fishing diminished hake reproductive capacity, modified the sex ratio in favour of females and increased population vulnerability to environmental stress, in particular to the El Niño. The impact of multidecadal variability and predators like the squid, Dosidicus gigas, remain unresolved until longer time series become available.