济阳坳陷稀土元素特征及其在物源对比中的应用

物源是控制沉积物中REE组成最主要的因素，济阳坳陷区岩石稀土元素特征表明：①济阳坳陷古生界与华北地台其他地区同时代地层岩石的REE分布特征具有极大的相似性，这体现了晚古生代济阳坳陷区所处的整个华北地台区为一稳定的克拉通沉积盆地，地层横向分布稳定，具有一致的物源和构造背景；②济阳坳陷古生界为中生界的物源，反映了济阳坳陷区由古生代稳定地台型沉积到中生代山间盆地沉积的转变，中生代洼陷区的沉积主要来自对附近凸起区古生代地层的剥蚀；③新生界样品与中生界样品的REE分布模式具有很大的相似性，从一个侧面反映了济阳坳陷中生代与新生代的构造格局的转变，中生代接受沉积的部分洼陷区至古近纪成为供给物源的凸起区。     

Laser Ablation ICP-MS Analysis of Geological Materials Prepared as Lithium Borate Glasses

A simple, rapid and precise method is described for determining trace elements by laser ablation (LA)-ICP-MS analysis in bulk geological materials that have been prepared as lithium borate glasses following standard procedures for XRF analysis. This approach reliably achieves complete sample digestion and provides for complementary XRF and LA-ICP-MS analysis of a full suite of major and trace elements from a single sample preparation. Highly precise analysis is enabled by rastering an ArF excimer laser (λ= 193nm) across fused samples to deliver a constant sample yield to the mass spectrometer without inter-element fractionation effects during each analysis. Capabilities of the method are demonstrated by determination of twenty five trace elements (Sc, Ti, V, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Cs, Ba, REE, Hf, Ta, Pb, Th and U) in a diverse range of geological reference materials that includes peridotites, basalts, granites, metamorphic rocks and sediments. More than 90% of determinations are indistinguishable from published reference values at the 95% confidence level. Systematic bias greater than 5% is observed for only a handful of elements (Zr, Nb and U) and may be attributed in part to inaccurate calibration values used for the NIST SRM 612 glass in the case of Zr and Nb. Detection limits for several elements, most notably La, are compromised at ultra-trace levels by impurities in the lithium borate flux but can be corrected for by subtracting appropriate procedural blanks. Reliable Pb analysis has proved problematic due to variable degrees of contamination introduced during sample polishing prior to analysis and from Pt-crucibles previously used to fuse Pb-rich samples. Scope exists for extending the method to include internal standard element/isotope spiking, particularly where integrated XRF analysis is not available to characterise major and trace elements in the fused lithium borate glasses prior to LA-ICP-MS analysis.     

A Reappraisal of Rb, Y, Zr, Pb and Th Values in Geochemical Reference Material BHVO-1

The geochemical reference material BHVO-1 was analysed by a variety of techniques over a six year period. These techniques included inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-MS and ICP-AES, respectively), laser ablation ICP-MS and spark source mass spectroscopy. Inconsistencies between the published consensus values reported by Gladney and Roelandts (1988, Geostandards Newsletter) and the results of our study are noted for Rb, Y, Zr, Pb and Th. The values reported here for Rb, Y, Zr and Pb are generally lower, while Th is higher than the consensus value. This is not an analytical artefact unique to the University of Notre Dame ICP-MS facility, as most of the BHVO-1 analyses reported over the last ten to twenty years are in agreement with our results. We propose new consensus values for each of these elements as follows: Rb = 9.3 ± 0.2 μg g-1 (compared to 11 ± 2 μg g-1), Y = 24.4 ± 1.3 μg g-1 (compared to 27.6 ± 1.7 μg g-1), Zr = 172 ± 10 μg g-1 (compared to 179 ± 21 μg g-1), Pb = 2.2 ± 0.2 μg g-1 (compared to 2.6 ± 0.9 μg g-1) and Th = 1.22 ± 0.02 μg g-1 (compared to 1.08 ± 0.15 μg g-1).     

富水水库中微生物成因的显微针铁矿及其对微量元素的富集

通过对湖北省富水水库坝基渗漏水及其析出物的研究，探讨了现代沉积环境（水库）中显微铁矿物形成的机理及微生物在铁的生物矿化中的作用和意义。对析出物中微量元素的富集特征也进行了初步研究。用化学分析方法测试出坝基渗漏水中阳离子以Ca^2 、Mg^2 、K^ 、Na^ 为主，Fe^2 和Fe^3 含量极少，阴离子以HCO3^-为主。析出物的化学成分以铁的氧化物为主。采用X射线衍射、差热分析、红外光谱和穆斯堡尔谱，以及透射电镜和扫描电镜等测试手段，分析研究了析出物的物相和形貌特征。析出物的主要矿物相为针铁矿、石英、伊利石、蒙脱石和微量方解石，呈弱结晶状态。由析出物中显微针铁矿特殊的形貌特征及其特征的穆斯堡尔谱图推测出富水水库沉积环境中显微针铁矿是由铁细菌形成。ICP－MS测试测试结果表明，析出物中不仅富集了铁，还富集了Yb、Pb、Dy、Zn、Co、Be、Eu、Sm和Tb等微量元素。微量元素的富集是微生物与显微针铁矿共同作用的结果。     

浅析啤酒销售与气象要素的关系及预测

利用1997年1月-2002年6月兰州市某大型啤酒企业啤酒销售资料与同期兰州市气象要素资料，分析气象要素对啤酒销售的影响。分析结果表明，温度是影响啤酒销售量最显著的气象因子。两者具有很好的相关性。采用最小二乘法建立啤酒销售量的月及逐日预报方程。并提出啤酒指数的概念。     

天津气象塔风温梯度观测资料的统计特征

利用天津气象塔风温梯度观测资料对其统计特征及平均风温廓线的日变化规律进行了分析，特别是分析了稳定层结的风温廓线特征，还给出了几种典型天气的低层大气结构的个例分析。     

猝死与气象条件的关系

通过调查1999年1～12月上海市医疗救护中心急救的839例院外猝死病例，并与同期气象资料进行分析，发现院外猝死男性多于女性，高发年龄为60～84岁，院外猝死在年内的高峰期为冬季，在昼夜中的高峰点为早晨07时，既往有心血管病史是院外猝死的主要原因。总猝死数与相对湿度、平均气压呈正相关，与最低气温、平均气温呈负相关，心血管猝死数除与以上气象要素相关外，还与气压变化、最低气温变化、日照时数变化等呈正相关。冠心病和其他心脏病与平均风速呈负相关，高血压病与平均气压呈正相关。     

北京地区大气能见度变化规律及影响因子统计分析

1990～ 2 0 0 0年北京地区大气能见度的统计分析表明 ,大气能见度有明显的年际变化、季节变化和日变化特征。冬、春、秋三季及全年日平均年际变化表现为 2 0世纪 90年代中期能见度较好 ,前期和末期能见度较差 ,2 0 0 0年能见度迅速好转 ;夏季能见度年际变化在 1997年以前与其他季节相反 ,1995年能见度最差。大气能见度与同期地面气象条件和主要污染物浓度的相关性比较表明 ,春、夏、秋三季以空气湿度、PM10 和风速为主要影响因子 ,冬季以PM10 、SO2 、空气湿度和风速为主要影响因子。能见度与相对湿度和空气污染物浓度呈反相关 ,与风速的相关性较为复杂 (有时呈正相关 ,有时呈反相关 ) ;高湿度 (相对湿度 f≥ 80 % )、小风速 (地面风速u≤ 2m·s-1)和雾是造成低能见度的主要气象条件 ;污染物浓度对能见度的影响以冬季最为明显 ,秋季次之 ,夏季最差     

气象卫星低分辨率资料传输的数字化

气象卫星低分辨率模拟资料传输WEFAX即将数字化为LRIT，阐述了LRIT(低分辨率信息传输)内容、LRIT数据传输模式和系统结构以及各卫星运行国LRIT传输比较。