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71.
When all balloon-borne measurements of NO2 in the stratosphere are reviewed, the profiles show a wide spread. Measurements of the total amount in a vertical column suggest that variability should be low when only profiles measured at mid-latitudes close to equinox are selected. With this selection, the standard deviation of the profiles measured by each technique is often less than ±20%, but the mean profiles measured by each technique differ by up to a factor 2. Despite the profiles not being measured simultaneously, these differences are identical to those revealed by the simultaneous measurements of the Balloon Intercomparison Campaigns of 1982 and 1983-a comparison can be made from the historic data alone. This suggests that measurements of other gases should be similarly reviewed and appropriate selection criteria be found that reduces the standard deviations of the measurements by any one technique. The techniques can then be intercompared without new simultaneous flights. 相似文献
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夜间气象能见度的测量研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
运用能见度理论和双止偏光能见度测定仪原理,讨论了夜间气象能见度的测量原理和一种新的测量方法,并完成了初步的野外对比试验,得出了比较结论。 相似文献
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MONITORING OF 1991 EASTERN CHINA FLOODING WITH POLAR ORBITING METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITES FY-1 AND NOAA 下载免费PDF全文
Xu Jianmin Wang Dachang Sa Yang Xiao Qianguang Feng Yurong 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1995,9(1):87-94
With polar orbiting meteorological satellites FY-1 and NOAA,flooding was monitored in the areas of the HuaiheRiver basin and the Taihu Lake region during June and July 1991.All satellite images from FY-1 and NOAA for concerned areas before and during flooding were examined.Thoseof cloud-free,with small amount of cumulus or thin cirrus were selected to exam the situation.Navigation and projec-tion were carefully performed,to ensure the projected images at different time overlap accurately with each other in 1—2pixels.Channel 1 (CH1) and Channel 2 (CH2) data of FY-1 and NOAA satellites with wavelength of 0.58—0.68μm and0.725—1.1μm were used to monitor the flooding.Albedo of Channel 2 and normalized vegetation index (NDVI) wereadopted as indicators to identify water body from land.With histogram and man-machine interactive methods,analysiswas done.In cloud-free condition,the two indicators identified the same area and scope of the water body.Totally cloud-free image in a large area is quite rare.To understand flood process,it is necessary to use more fre-quent images.It was investigated to distinguish water from land in partly cloudy condition.The result showed that whenthere is small amount of cumulus or thin cirrus,satellite images are still valuable in monitoring water body.In case ofmonitoring area covered with cirrus,vegetation index is useful,and while there is small amount of cumulus on land,albedo of Channel 2 can be used.Ten images from May 16 to August 18 of 1991 were examined.The results show that in the Lixiahe area,JiangsuProvince,the area submerged in total was the largest;along main stream of the Huaihe River,the Chuhe River,andaround the Chaohu Lake,a large percentage of area submerged;while in the Taihu Lake area,less field submerged.Flood monitoring was performed for 87 counties in the region concerned.These counties were put in order accord-ing to the percentage of submerged area in total.This order showed the extent of disaster at one view point. 相似文献
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单站气象要素剖面图是日常预报业务中经常使用的工具之一。计算机绘制剖面图可做到快捷、美观和自动化,且能克服纸质剖面图存储中的诸多弊端,适宜长期保存。广州市单站要素及特征曲线显示系统除把纸绘剖面图的内容搬到屏幕外,还增加了一些物理量。系统可实时显示广州五山站、四个县级市、清远探空站、衡山站的基本资料,显示气压、温度、湿度等观测要素或清运探空站物理量的时间演变曲线。系统用VB5.0编写,目前已在业务上使用,成为广州市短期预报的一个参考工具。 相似文献
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结合等压面上高度场及其气象要素矢量场数据的空间分布特征,设计了一种能客观反映大气在等压面上的运行规律的可视化方法-表面场线映射,它在气象上有较好的实用价值。 相似文献
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子痫与气象条件的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
该课题从气象要素变化分析入手 ,对 1983~ 1997年间 5 85例子痫患者进行详细地研究。应用子痫病例与气象条件的关系 ,从发病机理上描述大气压力 ,温度季节性变化时子痫发生率也会出现明显变化。基于数理统计与子痫的统计关系 ,对重要天气季节时段内子痫病例进行数学拟合 ,模糊聚类和相关分析 ,为建立子痫预警咨询系统 ,提供临床参考意见 相似文献