利用LAU效应测定干涉滤光片的中心透过率波长值

本文提出一种利用LAU效应测定干涉滤光片中心透过率波长值的理论和实验方法,这一方法不但具有精度高、装置简单、方法简便等优点,而且由该方法所获得的实验结果,可以作为当前有关平面周期物体LAU 效应新理论的一种实践检验。     

快速序贯算法

本文讨论了序贯算法的基本原理，与ｋａｌｍａｎ滤波的关系，和序贯算法的渐近性态，得到无先验信息的序贯算法不受初值的影响。实例分析表明，此序贯算法可适于方程系数阵的求逆、求解和病态方程的快速解算。     

8807号台风局地特大暴雨过程中尺度分析

分析了８８０７号台风所引发的局地特大暴雨成因：（１）台风提供了足够的水汽；（２）台风螺旋状云雨区和太阳辐射不均匀，形成了低层中尺度锋区，为暴雨发生提供极不稳定能量和触发条件；（３）局地地形和摩擦因子使湖北省宜昌地区成为这次对流云发展较有利的地点；（４）高空的中尺度降压系统和涡度因子加强了对流云团的发展。     

Exploratory spectral analysis of hydrological times series

Current methods of estimation of the univariate spectral density are reviewed and some improvements are made. It is suggested that spectral analysis may perhaps be best thought of as another exploratory data analysis (EDA) tool which complements, rather than competes with, the popular ARMA model building approach. A new diagnostic check for ARMA model adequacy based on the nonparametric spectral density is introduced. Additionally, two new algorithms for fast computation of the autoregressive spectral density function are presented. For improving interpretation of results, a new style of plotting the spectral density function is suggested. Exploratory spectral analyses of a number of hydrological time series are performed and some interesting periodicities are suggested for further investigation. The application of spectral analysis to determine the possible existence of long memory in natural time series is discussed with respect to long riverflow, treering and mud varve series. Moreover, a comparison of the estimated spectral densities suggests the ARMA models fitted previously to these datasets adequately describe the low frequency component. Finally, the software and data used in this paper are available by anonymous ftp from fisher.stats.uwo.ca.     

A CASE OF MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE COMPLEX EVOLVING INTO A VORTEX

A case of mesoscale convective complex(MCC)which evolved into a vortex is documented in this paper.As theMCC entered into the dissipating phase,a well-defined spirally banded structure became visible in the satellite image.The blackbody temperature(TBB)of the residual cold-cloud-shield indicates the vortex existed in the layer from 400 to250 hPa.According to the upper air analysis,the upper level vortex was an anticyclone.The MCC-generated vortex wasvisualized in the satellite images because it was located in the subtropical high where the wind field was very weak.     

1989年7月川东大暴雨中尺度对流系统分析

使用气象卫星资料，分析了１９８９年７月发生在四川东部的４个中尺度对流系统的特征，第一个系统是由３个对流云团合并而成，生成后快速向前移动，第二个为向后传播。第三个系统生成后，系统的西南部不断生成新的对流单体，使之维持准静止状态，最后一个系统的初期呈胞状结构，后与冷锋结合，成为冷锋云系的一部分，这４个系统都是西南低涡暖切变形势下的产物，随着形势演变，其大尺度环境略有差异。     

东北地区中尺度对流复合体的卫星云图特征

通过１０年（１９８３－１９９２年）卫星云图资料的分析，综合归纳了东北地区中尺度对流复合体（ＮＭＣＣ）的基本特征及其发展演变过程，由于受地理条件的影响，ＮＭＣＣ与美国大平原以及我国西北和华北平原上的ＭＣＣ有明显差别，作为一类特殊的对流性天气系统，ＮＭＣＣ与一般中尺度对流云图特征有明显差异。     

A CASE OF MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE COMPLEX EVOLVING INTO A VORTEX*

A case of mesoscale convective complex(MCC) which evolved into a vortex is documented in this paper.As the MCC entered into the dissipating phase,a well-defined spirally banded structure became visible in the satellite image.The blackbody temperature(TBB) of the residual cold-cloud-shield indicates the vortex existed in the layer from 400 to 250 hPa.According to the upper air analysis,the upper level vortex was an anticyclone.The MCC-generated vortex was visualized in the satellite images because it was located in the subtropical high where the wind field was very weak.     

Hydrodynamical Modeling Of Oceanic Vortices

Mesoscale coherent vortices are numerous in the ocean.Though they possess various structures in temperature and salinity,they are all long-lived, fairly intense and mostly circular. Thephysical variable which best describes the rotation and the density anomaly associated with coherent vortices is potential vorticity. It is diagnostically related to velocity and pressure, when the vortex is stationary. Stationary vortices can be monopolar (circular or elliptical) or multipolar; their stability analysis shows thattransitions between the various stationary shapes are possible when they become unstable. But stable vortices can also undergo unsteady evolutions when perturbed by environmental effects, likelarge-scale shear or strain fields, -effect or topography. Changes in vortex shapes can also result from vortex interactions. such as the pairing, merger or vertical alignment of two vortices, which depend on their relative polarities and depths. Such interactions transfer energy and enstrophy between scales, and are essential in two-dimensional and in geostrophic turbulence. Finally, in relation with the observations, we describe a few mechanisms of vortex generation.     

基于误差准则和循环迭代的时移地震匹配滤波方法

分析了用于时移地震互均衡处理中的传统匹配滤波算法适用范围，结果表明该方法在滤波算子的反算子为最小相位时效果最好.对该方法难以解决的混合相位问题，推导出通用公式，并提出基于最小平方误差准则和循环迭代的求解方法.理论和实际数据都验证了该方法较已有方法的优越性.