泥炭档案气候变化重建的定量模型

泥炭档案气候变化重建的定量模型＊陶发祥洪业汤（中国科学院地球化学研究所，贵阳５５０００２）李汉鼎冷雪天（东北师范大学地理系，长春１３００２４）关键词泥炭档案纤维素稳定同位素气候变化定量模型用泥炭档案定量重建大气ＣＯ２浓度的研究已取得重要进展［１］，但...     

试论会东大银厂铅锌矿找矿模式

对大银厂铅锌矿点分布区的地层、构造和成矿地质背景进行了论述，并与大梁子铅锌矿床作了对比，提出了寻找该类矿床的模式及找寻工业矿体最有希望的地段。找矿方法宜先化探后钻探。     

论湖南柿竹园多金属矿床成岩成矿的化学模式─—与毛景文先生等商榷

从湖南柿竹园多金属矿床成岩成矿的事实出发，用化学基本定律对其矽卡岩的形成，蚀变及成岩成矿的化学反应方程式进行研讨，建立了比较符合矿床实际与地球化学理论的化学模式。认为地球科学与化学是在相互交叉，相互渗透，相互促进中共同发展的。     

工程地质力学综合集成理论及其在五强溪水电站船闸边坡上的应用

为了使工程地质学在工程建设和防灾减灾方面发挥更大的作用，作者主张在工程地质力学和系统科学指导下发展工程地质力学综合集成（EGMS）。本文主要论述了EGMS形成的基础、相应的方法和技术以及综合集成中的4个关键问题（包括应变体系、优先监测和加固突破口的设计方法，综合地质信息分析系统、时空综合分析方法等）。另外，还扼要地讨论了如何将EGMS用于五强溪水电站船闸边坡的问题。     

岩体水力学基础(三)──岩体渗流场与应力场耦合的集中参数模型及连续介质模型

本文在分析了岩体系统的结构性和水力学特征后，提出了岩体渗流场与应力场耦合数学模型的机理分析、混合分析及系统辨识建模方法。运用系统辨识方法建立了岩体渗流场与应力场耦合的集中参数模型，并应用于解决实际问题；运用机理分析和混合分析方法建立了岩体渗流场与应力场双场耦合及与温度场三场耦合的连续介质分布参数模型。     

宝鸡岩体颜家河超单元岩浆反序演化特征

本文依据宝鸡岩体颜家河超单元各单元的岩石组构、矿物成分、岩石化学和地球化学等方面的资料，研究了它们由早到晚的变化特征，并将各种特征有机地联系在一起，发现该超单元岩浆从早到晚存在着反序演化的特点，即由偏酸性岩浆向偏基性岩浆演化，并建立了该超单元的岩浆演化模式。     

APPROACH TO KARST SOLUTION PROCESS RESPONSES ON CLIMATE

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＳｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｓａｋａｒｓｔｇｅｏｍｏｒｐｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｌａｎｄｆｏｒｍｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｈａｓｌｏｎｇｂｅｅｎｒｅｃｏｇｎｉｚｅｄ.Ｓｉｎｃｅｔｈｅｋａｒｓｔｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓａｒｅａｌｍｏｓｔｅｎｔｉｒｅｌｙｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ,ｔｈｏｕｇｈｋａｒｓｔｌａｎｄｆｏｒｍｓａｒｅｎｏｔｏｎｌｙｃａｕｓｅｄｂｙｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｂｕｔａｌｓｏｂｙｅｒｏｓｉｏｎ,ｔｈｅｃｉｒｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｋａｒｓｔｕｎ…     

The phytoplankton of some saline lakes in Central Asia

The Aral Sea, Lake Balkhash, and Lake Kamyslybas are closed lakes in Central Asia. They range from oligosaline to metasaline. The salinity of the Aral Sea has increased by more than 30 g L⁻¹ since widespread irrigation began in its catchment area. Few studies of the phytoplankton have been conducted on these lakes since extensive irrigation started. The investigation reported here compares the flora of phytoplankton in these saline lakes. In the Small Aral Sea, phytoplankton density gradually decreased with increasing electrical conductivity (EC) (∼ salinity), but there was no such relation in Lake Balkhash and Lake Kamyslybas. In the Aral Sea, Dinophyceae and Bacillariophyceae were frequently observed in most areas of high EC value, and Cyanophyceae were most conspicuous in the area of medium and lower EC values. In Lake Balkhash, Cyanophyceae were most conspicuous, but Chlorophyceae were also noticeable. Most Cyanophyceae in Aral Sea formed filaments with heterocysts. The distinct characteristic of the phytoplankton of the Lake Balkhash was that all dominant species form colonies covered with a gelatinous film. Siliceousplankton diversity gradually decreased with increasing EC values in the Aral Sea and Lake Balkhash.     

Application of discovery process models in estimating petroleum resources at the play level in China

Discovery process modeling has gained wide acceptance in the Chinese exploration community. In recent years, a variety of discovery process models have been applied to the prediction of undiscovered petroleum resources at the play level in sedimentary basins in China. However, challenging problems have been encountered, particularly when one method alone has been applied to small plays in nonmarine sedimentary basins or in plays with an unusual order of discovery wells. This paper presents results gotten by using the lognormal discovery process model of the Geological Survey of Canada and the geoanchored method for three petroleum plays in basins with different geologic settings. Although the predicted shapes of the parentsize distributions which use these two models, were not always similar, the expected values of the total resources and the number of fields (pools) to be discovered are comparable. The combined use of two discovery process models in the same play compensates for the weaknesses in one method compared with the other and vice versa. Thus, more reliable estimates are the result.     

利用遥感监测和分析珠江三角洲的城市扩张过程——以东莞市为例

伴随着经济的快速增长,珠江三角洲近年来出现了迅速的城市化以及乡村城市化的过程。沿着城镇边缘和公路两旁,大片的农田被侵占来单方面地满足城市开发的需要,忽略了粮食产量减少以及环境质量恶化等问题。利用遥感可以有效地监测珠江三角洲的城市扩张过程。在遥感多时相监测的基础上通过熵的计算,可以定量地描述城市扩张的空间规律及扩散过程。