复合片钻头钻进时机械钻速和碎岩功耗的研究

关于复合片钻头钻进大理岩和花岗岩时机械钻速和碎岩功率消耗同规程参数的关系,用实验设计方法进行了试验研究,得出了机械钻速和碎岩功耗与钻压、钻头转速及冲洗液量关系的数学模型;提出了碎岩绝对功耗和相对功耗的概念,而相对碎岩功耗是个更为重要的概念,求出了大理岩相对碎岩功耗最小时的最优钻进规程参数值。     

P-范分布与P-范最小平差

本文提出了 n元p-范分布的概念,从而在极大似然估计的基础上将最小二乘法与一范及无穷范最小平差法统一起来。随后本文还给出了p-范最小平差的计算方法。     

Virtual rate and mean distance of travel of individual clasts in gravel-bed channels

Travel distances in gravel-bed rivers of tagged particles of various sizes are related to excess stream power estimated for peak discharge. Mean distance of movement, irrespective of grain size, is weakly correlated with stream power, especially near the threshold of movement. There may be several reasons for the weak correlation, including variable effects of bed structure, varying magnitudes of sediment mobilizing events and sampling problems. Grain size itself is of marginal significance. The virtual rate of travel calculated using total time for which the flow is larger than that needed to initiate clast movement also bears a weak relation to the excess stream power over the period. Better results are obtained by relating the virtual rate of travel to the first peak of the flow event only. This implies that the initial seeding of the tagged particles dominates the observations. Nonetheless, an underlying general relation is indicated by the data, which are derived from a wide range of flow regime types.     

The correlation of whistler occurrence rate at a low latitude with thunderstorm activity at its conjugate region and with solar activity

The correlations of occurrence rate of whistlers in January during one solar cycle (1977–1987) at a low latitude station (Yamaoka, geomag. lat. 25°, L=1.26) with thunderstorm activity near its conjugate region and also with solar activity have been investigated, and it is found that the occurrence rate has no correlation with the lightning flashes near the conjugate point, while it is negatively correlated with solar activity. On the basis of these findings it is suggested that the ionospheric absorption is of major importance in the long-term variation of whistler occurrence rate, with the duct formation being of secondary effect, while the lightning activity is only a necessary condition for whistler occurrence.     

硫铝酸盐“S”型瞬凝水泥的研究与机理探讨

简介了低温烧结的硫铝酸盐“Ｓ”型瞬凝水泥的基本情况;详细阐述了该水泥的水化机理、早强机理、速凝机理等。     

2013年浙江两次汛期暴雨过程对比分析

利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对2013年4月29日(4.29)和6月6日(6.6)浙江两次汛期暴雨的天气形势场、热力动力和水汽条件进行对比分析,研究浙江暴雨的机理,为暴雨预报提供依据。结果表明:1)4.29暴雨影响系统高层为西风槽、低层为低涡;6.6暴雨高低层影响系统均为低涡。2)4.29暴雨高空西风急流强,垂直方向上存在正向环流圈,低层辐合对应高层辐散;6.6暴雨高空西风弱,垂直方向上无明显环流圈,散度场分布较复杂。3)4.29暴雨主要水汽来源为孟加拉湾、南海-西太平洋;6.6暴雨主要水汽来源为孟加拉湾、南海-西太平洋和东海。4)4.29暴雨过程中锋区呈东西走向,有较强冷空气侵入,而6.6暴雨过程中锋区呈东南-西北走向,只有较弱冷空气侵入。     

Experimental Study on Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Vertical-Axis Floating Tidal Current Energy Power Generation Device

To study the characteristics of attenuation, hydrostatic towage and wave response of the vertical-axis floating tidal current energy power generation device (VAFTCEPGD), a prototype is designed and experiment is carried out in the towing tank. Free decay is conducted to obtain attenuation characteristics of the VAFTCEPGD, and characteristics of mooring forces and motion response, floating condition, especially the lateral displacement of the VAFTCEPGD are obtained from the towing in still water. Tension response of the #1 mooring line and vibration characteristics of the VAFTCEPGD in regular waves as well as in level 4 irregular wave sea state with the current velocity of 0.6 m/s. The results can be reference for theoretical study and engineering applications related to VAFTCEPGD.     

低空摄影测量无人机航迹规划的设计与实现

近年来,低空摄影测量无人机技术得到了快速的发展与应用。利用无人机进行低空摄影测量时,获取成果快、生产周期短、运作成本低并且可操作性强。同时,无人机作业受天气影响较小、在摄影时无遮挡现象、适用于小范围区域的摄影测量需要。本文针对试验区域,设计了两种航迹规划方法,并通过使用低空摄影测量无人机进行飞行验证,比较了两种航迹规划方法的优劣,为今后无人机完成摄影测量任务提供了航路规划方法和理论基础。     

Spatial estimation of wind speed: a new integrative model using inverse distance weighting and power law

Spatial interpolation (SI) is currently one of the most common ways to estimate wind speed (Ws). However, classic SI models either ignore the complex geography [e.g. inverse distance weighting (IDW)], or demand high computational resources (e.g. cokriging). This study aimed to develop a simple yet effective SI model for estimating Ws in Eastern Thrace of Turkey. This new method, named MIDW_(Ws), is a modified IDW through the integration of IDW with wind profile model, power law (PL), representing the influence of land cover and topography on Ws. Terrain features and elevation data of PL were obtained using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and digital elevation model (DEM), respectively. Results showed superior and comparable performance of MIDW_(Ws) to standard IDW and ordinary kriging (OK) across all months of year. Compared to ordinary cokriging (OCK) using DEM as covariate, MIDW_(Ws) generated better results in the arid–semiarid seasons (around summer). Local complex atmospheric conditions during rainy seasons (around winter) may have affected the performance of incorporating PL with MIDW_(Ws). Generally, the proposed MIDW_(Ws) is simpler and easier to implement compared to OCK. For landscape-scale projects, its high computational efficiency and relatively robust performance show potential to deal with large volumes of datasets.     

带权网络的个性化PageRank计算

PageRank是衡量网络节点重要性的指标之一,个性化PageRank是普通PageRank的推广形式.目前关于(个性化)PageRank的研究主要集中在无权网络,而关于带权网络的研究结果较少.有鉴于此,基于矩阵变换和蒙特卡罗方法,分别给出了在静态和动态带权网络中个性化PageRank计算方法,并从理论上分析了算法的性能.实验结果显示,两种算法都优于传统的幂迭代算法.