The Use of Close Range Photogrammetry for Studying Ice Accretion on Aerofoil Sections

This paper describes the use of photogrammetry to measure and quantify ice accretion on an aerofoil section. A series of stereoscopic photographs was taken during the ice accretion on the section in an icing tunnel. From measurements made on these photographs with a Kern (Leica) DSR 14 analytical photogrammetric plotter, a series of three dimensional models of the ice surfaces was constructed. The results of the project are discussed and possible improvements in the methodology are suggested.     

Experimental evidence of the transition between power law models in the high frequency range of the gravity wave spectrum

The existence of a transition in the slope of the wind-generated gravity wave spectrum from a f⁻⁴ to a f⁻⁵ power law, at a given frequency in the high frequency range, is examined. Evidence of its existence and of the non-uniqueness of the wave spectrum slope in the equilibrium range is presented. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the statistical variability of the spectral estimates makes it difficult to obtain reliable results from limited sets of finite length wave records.     

用长周期体波反演地震矩张量及其实际意义

摘　 要　 介绍了地震矩张量的性质和用长周期体波反演地震矩张量的方法。用地震矩张量表 示震源‚能够使震源参数线性化‚从而实现由观测资料快速、简捷地反演出震源参数。     

径潮流变化对长江潮流界位置的影响研究

赤潮流界是表征河口径潮相互作用的关键界面,受各种动力作用在空间上不断上下迁移。本文基于2012—2019年间长江口岸直水道五峰山至南支河段大范围实测资料,分析了46种径潮流组合下,长江主汊河段主深槽潮流界位置的变化。研究结果表明:(1)在径流条件一定时,随着潮差的减小潮流界位置逐渐向下游移动,初始时期潮流界位置下移速度较慢,后期加快。(2)在潮差一定时,当上边界径流量以同样速度增加时,枯水期潮流界向下游移动的速度快,平水期与丰水期潮流界向下游移动的速度会逐渐减慢。(3)潮流界距大通的距离与潮径比呈显著相关的对数关系,可用于今后潮流界位置的定量计算。潮流界位置随着潮径比的减小而下移,当潮径比约为0.56时,潮流界位置在江阴附近。新水沙条件下,长江潮流界位置的研究对"长江大保护"战略下河口海岸地区的开发规划具有重要现实意义。     

云南地磁台地震前地磁谐波振幅比分析

采用云南永胜和通海地磁台2010年1月至2018年12月记录的地磁分钟值数据,计算谐波振幅比随时间的变化,分析发现:2014年8月3日鲁甸6.5级地震、2018年9月8日墨江5.9级地震前,谐波振幅比曲线有2次明显下降—转折—恢复异常,分别于第1次异常恢复上升过程和第2次异常转折过程中发震,异常持续时间分别为3年和2年多,持续时间越长,震级越高;距震中较近的地磁台站谐波振幅比曲线出现不同步现象,即YZHx(NS)向与YZHy(EW)向的不同步及长短周期不同步。     

基于时间序列谐波分析的鄱阳湖湿地植被分布与水位变化响应

采用高时间分辨率遥感信息的谐波分析方法,提取反映鄱阳湖湿地植被指数随水位变化的谐波分量,分别以自然年和水文年的不同周期作为湿地植被指数谐波分析单元,利用时间序列信号的最大振幅谐波分量的变化周期表征湿地植被指数在不同分析单元的变化模式,结合常年水位观测数据和湿地植被群落在不同物候期的时间与空间特征,探讨鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区和南矶湿地国家级自然保护区的植被分布面积与水位变化关系.结果表明:(1)鄱阳湖湿地植被分布受水文状况影响的特征明显,相对于南矶自然保护区,鄱阳湖自然保护区湿地植被分布面积对观测水位的变化更为敏感.(2)两个自然保护区范围内的湿地植被分布面积与对应水文年9和10月的观测水位呈现较强的负相关关系,且在0.05水平上显著.一年两季生长的湿地植被分布面积受退水时间影响大于次年的涨水时间,与枯水期的观测水位无明显的相关关系.(3)两个自然保护区在不同高程区间的湿地植被分布面积与观测水位的相关关系和显著性呈现各自特征.在鄱阳湖保护区,12~13 m高程区间的湿地植被分布面积与9月观测水位的相关性最强,且相关关系在0.05水平上显著;13~14 m高程区间的湿地植被分布面积与10月观测水位相关关系更强.在南矶自然保护区,湿地植被分布面积在不同高程区间均与9和10月观测水位显著相关.采用谐波分析方法分析湖泊湿地的植被分布面积与水位关系有助于基于多时间序列遥感信息的湿地水文节律研究.     

永安地震台钻孔体应变地震响应能力评估

统计永安地震台2007—2013年体应变记录的地震同震响应,与同期国家地震台网大震速报目录对比,响应率为15.21%。绘制地震能力线,量化评估永安地震台体应变仪映震能力,得到钻孔体应变对不同震级地震的响应范围为:震级5.5级,震中距425 km;震级6级,震中距860 km;震级7.0级,震中距3 514 km;震级7.5级,震中距7 104 km。     

Transverse canyon incision and sedimentary basin excavation driven by drainage integration,Aravaipa Creek,AZ, USA

Drainage reorganization events have the potential to drive incision and erosion at high rates normally attributed to tectonic or climatic forcing. It can be difficult, however, to isolate the signal of transient events driven by drainage integration from longer term tectonic or climatic forcing. We exploit an ideal field setting in Aravaipa Creek Basin of southeastern Arizona, USA, to isolate just such a signal. Aravaipa Creek Basin underwent a period of transient incision that formed Aravaipa Canyon, evacuating a significant volume of sedimentary basin fill and Tertiary bedrock from the previously internally drained basin. We use digital terrain analyses to reconstruct the pre-incision landscapes of both Aravaipa Creek Basin and the adjacent Lower San Pedro Basin, which we use to quantify the magnitude of incision and erosion since the drainage basins integrated. Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide burial dates from ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al concentrations in latest stage basin fill in Aravaipa Creek enable us to calculate long-term incision and erosion rates from 3 Myr to the present. A ¹⁰Be concentration–depth profile from the Lower San Pedro Basin confirms that the San Pedro River incised into its high stand deposits prior to 350 000–400 000 years ago. Combining our landscape reconstructions with these age constraints, we determine that the transient rates of incision that created Aravaipa Canyon were 150 m/Myr or more, but that the background rate of erosion since integration is an order of magnitude lower, between 10 and 20 m/Myr. These results support our growing understanding that tectonic and climatic forcings need not apply for all episodes of rapid, transient incision and erosion during landscape evolution. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于网络的气象业务远程管理维护系统

为了解决基层气象台站业务人员的维护能力与气象业务发展之间差距越来越突出的矛盾,提高基层台站的业务运行质量,降低管理维护成本,开发了基干网络的气象业务远程管理维护系统.系统采用windOWS Socket网络技术和客户/服务器软件方式,以P2P方式实现了基于宽带网络的实时通信、远程屏幕共享、远程文件操作、系统状态查看、远程文件自动备份恢复的气象业务远程管理维护系统.通过宽带网络可以方便地对基层台站的业务运行微机进行远程管理和维护.实践证明,通过网络技术实现气象业务的远程运行管理维护是一种经济可行的实用方法,也为无人值守站的运行维护提供了一种管理维护方案.