GPT3模型估计对流层产品精度检验与分析

利用全球范围内224个IGS测站2019年的高精度对流层产品,对GPT3模型估计的天顶对流层延迟和大气水平梯度信息进行精度检验和分析。结果表明,精度在空间和时间分布上存在差异性,天顶对流层延迟、南北和东西方向大气水平梯度的平均偏差和均方根误差分别为0.12 mm/37.2 mm、-0.05 mm/0.49 mm、0.08 mm/0.57 mm。     

Retrieval of Vertical Distribution of Tropospheric Refractivity through Ground-Based GPS Observation简

In the present reported study, the vertical distributions of local atmospheric refractivity were retrieved from ground- based GPS observations at low elevation angles. An improved optimization method was implemented at altitudes of 0-10 km to search for a best-fit refractivity profile that resulted in atmospheric delays most similar to the delays calculated from the observations. A ray-tracing model was used to simulate neutral atmospheric delays corresponding to a given refractivity profile. We initially performed a ＂theoretical retrieval＂, in which no observation data were involved, to verify the optimization method. A statistical relative error of this ＂theoretical retrieval＂ （-2% to 2%） indicated that such a retrieval is effective. In a practical retrieval, observations were obtained using a dual-frequency GPS receiver, and its initial value was provided by CIRA86aQ_UoG data. The statistical relative errors of the practical retrieval range from -3% to 5% were compared with co-located radiosonde measurements, Results clearly revealed diurnal variations in local refractivity prc,files, The results also suggest that the general vertical distribution of refractivity can be derived with a high temporal resolution. However, further study is needed to describe the vertical refractivity gradient clearly.     

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Validation of the “HY-2” altimeter wet tropospheric path delay correction based on radiosonde data

Wet tropospheric path delay （PD） is a highly variable term for the altimeter measurement of a sea surface height, caused by the refraction effect of atmospheric water vapor and cloud liquid water. In order to esti- mate PD values, the ＂HY-2＂ system includes a calibration microwave radiometer （CMR） operating at 18.7, 23.8 and 37 GHz. The PD data of the CMR were compared and validated by coincident radiosonde profiles from ten globally distributed radiosonde stations during October 2011 to August 2012. The temporal interval was 1 h. In order to avoid land contamination, different spatial intervals between these two data sets were tested. The empirical fit function of PD uncertainty and spatial interval was found and extrapolated to the ideal situation that the data of CMR and radiosonde were totally coincident. The stability of the brightness temperature of the CMR and its impact on the PD correction was also studied. Consequently, the uncertainty of the PD algorithm of the CMR was estimated to be 2.1 cm.     

GPS水汽反演技术在四川地区的应用研究

根据四川网络GPS站点附近的气压、温度计算了天顶静力学延迟量,经过综合分析,得到了最适于四川地区的天顶静力学延迟模型。建立了适于四川地区的加权平均温度计算公式,并说明了此公式的有效性。使用了全球气压和温度模型（GPT）代替实测气象数据进行水汽反演,将GPT可降水量与实测气象可降水量、探空数据可降水量以及实际降水量进行比较分析,得出了一些有益结论。     

局部地区对流层大气垂直干延迟的模型改正

干延迟的精确确定对GPS气象中解算可降水分含量有很重要的作用。根据武汉和探空站Kingspark的探空资料,计算了这两地的实际干延迟量。在这些资料的基础上,用回归分析的方法对这两地的干延迟算式进行了建模和分析,发现该算式的精度优于其他模型。     

精密单点定位中对流层延迟改正模型分析

在精密单点定位中,通过有效的方法减小对流层误差源对定位精度的影响。其中Saastamoinen模型和Niell模型对减小对流层延迟误差效果较好。重点介绍了这两种模型,并通过实验分析了两种模型在精密单点定位中对对流层延迟误差的改正效果。实验结果以标准偏差和均方根的形式给出,说明了Saastamoinen模型与Niell模型对定位结果都有所改善,但Niell模型结果较好。     

基于GPS的InSAR干涉图大气效应校正方法研究

大气折射延迟是InSAR测量的一个重要误差源,严重影响对干涉图的正确解译,因此必须对其进行削弱或消除,利用GPS连续运行站估计的大气天顶延迟可对干涉图中的大气效应进行校正.但离散的GPS天顶延迟须进行空间插值才能满足InSAR的高分辨率要求.本文基于天津的GPS观测数据,利用Berense、PANDA软件估算了天顶延迟...     

海岸带、海岛(礁)数字航空摄影方案优化策略

针对数字航空摄影作业技术流程中的作业标准、精度要求以及各关键指标的控制等问题,从数字航空摄影的技术计划制定、航线规划和各项技术指标的确定等方面入手,对基于海岸带、海岛(礁)特征的航摄分区、航线敷设、地面分辨率的确定、航摄季节与时间选择以及POS辅助航空摄影方案选择等内容进行了研究,为获取满足海洋测绘指标要求的航空摄影数据源提供支持。     

时间序列异常值探测的Bayes方法及其在电离层VTEC数据处理中的应用

基于Bayes统计推断理论,提出了自回归模型中异常值定位的Bayes方法;在正态-Gamma先验分布下,分别基于均值漂移模型和方差膨胀模型,提出了后验概率的计算方法,并运用Bayes方法估计了异常扰动;最后将该方法应用到电离层VTEC数据处理的建模中,比较模型修正前后预报的结果,验证了新方法的有效性。