山东省岩溶塌陷分布规律及成因机制

选取山东省岩溶塌陷作为中国北方岩溶塌陷的代表,在对其分布规律进行分析的基础上,总结岩溶塌陷成因机制.研究表明:山东省岩溶塌陷受岩溶发育程度、第四系覆盖层结构厚度、断裂构造及地表水系等多种自然因素制约,分布呈现出规律性;在人为因素方面,岩溶塌陷多发生在地下水位陡升陡降及在基岩顶板波动时期.从力学角度出发,岩溶塌陷成因机制...     

深海悬链线立管涡激疲劳损伤研究

讨论海洋平台钢质悬链线式立管SCR(Steel Catenary Riser)的涡激疲劳损伤问题。对于悬链线立管外的流体,给出涡脱落频率和升力对立管作用的计算方法。悬链线立管采用索结构模型,进行动力学分析并利用模态叠加法对其进行动力响应分析。根据Palmgren-Miner线性累积损伤准则并结合S-N曲线,分析在不同流速下立管的涡激疲劳损伤。以工程中实际使用的1 500 m Spar海洋平台悬链线立管为例,对立管的涡激疲劳损伤进行了预报。并通过立管的参数研究,分别就立管外不同来流速度、立管壁厚、内部流体密度和柔性接头刚度对其疲劳损伤的影响进行了分析,得到了一些有意义的研究结果。     

Slope stability FEM analysis and retaining wall design：a case study of clinker in Benxi of Liaoning

Stability is always the most important problem after high slope was excavated. The study analyzed the stress and strain inside the slope by Finite Element Method （FEM） and carried through stress distribution and failure zone, then analyzed the stability of the slope using three different methods and came to the conclusion that it is in unstable condition, so the designed retaining wall was put forward which makes the slope stable.     

基于时序InSAR技术监测大桥历史形变

2019-06-14,河源市源城区东江大桥第三跨第二桥墩以及第四跨第三桥墩出现了垮塌,此次事故造成了人员伤亡和重大经济损失.为了分析此次灾害事故发生发展的成因,本研究获取了Sentinel-1A雷达卫星2018年12月至2019年6月的历史影像数据,基于时序InSAR技术手段处理得到了该监测时间段内的历史形变信息.研究...     

Behavior of vortex-induced vibration of a circular cylinder near a deformable wall with two degrees of freedom in steady flow

The behavior of vortex-induced vibration of a two-degree-of-freedom cylinder near a deformable wall in steady flow is investigated experimentally.The typical phenomenon of the two-degree-of-freedom cylinder’s VIV is discussed.The influences of initial gap between the cylinder and the wall on the dynamic responses of the cylinder are analyzed.The comparison is made about dynamic responses of the cylinder with one and two degrees of freedom.Experimental results show that the vibration of the cylinder near a deformable wall with a small value of initial gap-to-diameter ratios can generally be divided into two phases.The initial gap-to-diameter ratios have a noticeable influence on the occurrence of transverse vibration.The transverse maximum amplitude of the cylinder with two degrees of freedom is larger than that of the cylinder with one degree of freedom under the condition with the same values of other parameters.However,the vibration frequency of the cylinder for the two degrees of freedom case is smaller than that for the one degree of freedom case at the same value of Vr number.     

淤泥质海底航道边坡失稳滑塌声纹特征分析

边坡稳定是淤泥质海底航道安全运营的关键问题之一。海底航道边坡失稳滑塌过程的不同阶段浅地层剖面图像声纹特征不同。采用灰度共生矩阵和小波多尺度分解方法分析了航道边坡失稳滑塌过程浅地层剖面图像纹理特征。结果表明,对比度、能量、相关度和逆差距在边坡失稳滑塌过程中具有明显的差异,分别从不同方面刻画了浅地层剖面图像声纹的清晰度、纹理粗细、主要方向和规则性,以定量的形式显示其内在异质性。能量、相关度和逆差距的水平和垂直方向变化大于对角方向,水平方向波动最明显。浅地层剖面声强时间序列和垂向空间变化序列小波多尺度分解突出了声强变化的局部细节及其在各尺度上变化的强弱分布和突变点位置,克服了常规人工识读的困难,这些声纹特征是边坡失稳滑塌预测预警的重要依据,有助于对海底航道边坡稳定性的探测。     

变焦相机标定在无人飞行器中的应用

随着数码相机的普及和升级,高成像质量的非量测数码相机用于无人飞行器遥感已经成为现实。目前研究和应用中,变焦相机仅当作定焦相机使用,没有充分发挥其变焦的作用。文中通过利用OpenCV对两款变焦相机进行标定,分析变焦相机不同焦距的使用特点,总结变焦相机内参数与焦距之间的关系,为充分发挥变焦相机的作用提供一定的依据。     

矿山环境治理地质灾害危险性评估技术探讨

矿山开采活动直接导致地质环境的破坏,而地质环境的改变极易诱发地质灾害。只有对地质灾害体类型、规模、影响范围、稳定性、危险性和危害程度做出准确评估后,才能设计出合理、有效的治理方案。本文以某矿山旅游改造项目为例,探讨了矿山因开采诱发的崩塌,不稳定边坡和泥石流灾种的地质灾害危险性评估的定性、半定量评价方法,并针对评估结果,提出了相应的治理方案,为矿山编制旅游改造控制性规划,实现可持续发展提供了科学的依据。本文提出的评价方法在类似矿山不稳定边坡地质灾害危险性评估中具有参考和借鉴价值。     

Quasi-Simultaneous Flux Emergence in the Events of October – November 2003

From late October to the beginning of November 2003, a series of intense solar eruptive events took place on the Sun. More than six active regions (ARs), including three large ARs (NOAA numbers AR 10484, AR 10486, and AR 10488), were involved in the activity. Among the six ARs, four of them bear obviously quasi-simultaneous emergence of magnetic flux. Based on the global Hα and SOHO/EIT EUV observations, we found that a very long filament channel went through the six ARs. This implies that there is a magnetic connection among these ARs. The idea of large-scale magnetic connectivity among the ARs is supported by the consistency of the same chirality in the three major ARs and in their associated magnetic clouds. Although the detailed mechanisms for the quasi-simultaneous flux emergence and the large-scale flux system formation need to be extensively investigated, the observations provide new clues in studying the global solar activity.     

Yield design of dry‐stone masonry retaining structures—Comparisons with analytical,numerical, and experimental data

Over the past few years, there has been a steady increase in the interest in dry‐stone walling not only to preserve existing constructions but also to build new ones. Yet, dry masonry's expansion is slowed down by the lack of scientific knowledge to assess its reliability. This study aims at contributing to the construction of this scientific frame using a simplified model based on yield design and homogenization, which can be directly exploited for engineering purposes. A new analytical expression of the ultimate load is thus established. Then, the validity of the method is assessed by comparisons with limit equilibrium analysis, distinct element method, and field trials. Finally, possible improvements of the model are discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.