碳纤维布用于砖砌体抗震加固的试验研究

通过4片碳纤维布加固砖砌体在周期反复荷载作用下受力性能的试验，研究了粘贴碳纤维布来增强砖砌体抗震能力这种加固方法的有效性。本文研究了碳纤维布加固砖砌体的受力特性，分析了碳纤维布的用量以及贴布方式等因素对砖砌体抗震加固效果的影响。在此基础上，本文提出了碳纤维布加固砖砌体抗剪承载力的简化计算方法，可以满足实际工程设计的要求。     

空心砖保温夹心开洞墙体的抗震试验研究

本文通过6片不同拉接筋间距的空心砖复合夹心开洞墙及2片空心砖实体开洞墙的低周期反复荷载试验。研究其破坏形态、抗震性能及变形能力。试验结果表明：空心砖夹心空洞墙的抗剪承载力要低于空心砖实体开洞墙，拉接筋对墙体的内外叶墙的协调变形及整体稳定都起着较好的作用。     

GIS-Based Evaluation of Danger in Karst Collapse

Ｇｅｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｓｙｓｔｅｍ ,ＧＩＳ ,ｃａｐａｂｌｅｏｆｃｏｌｌｅｃｔｉｎｇ ,ｍａｎａｇｉｎｇａｎｄｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｎｇｖａｒｉｏｕｓｓｐａｔｉａｌｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ ,ｉｓａｐｐｌｉｅｄｔｏｓｐａｔｉａｌａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ,ｍｕｌｔｉ ｆａｃｔｏｒｃｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｖｅａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ,ｄｙｎａｍｉｃｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆｈｉｇｈ ｌｅｖｅｌｇｅｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ .Ｉｎａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎ ,ＧＩＳｉｓａｌｓｏｃａｐａｂｌｅ…     

软岩立井井壁与流变岩体相互作用的实验分析

利用流变介质模型，分析软岩立并并壁与粘弹塑性围岩的相互作用。根据现场实测结果及围岩压力与时间的关系，得到围岩应力、位移随时间的变化规律和粘塑性区的扩展规律。     

胸部创伤X线-CT诊断

本文对临床资料完整的５０例胸部创伤进行了Ｘ线与ＣＴ检查的对比分析，着重讨论了闭合性及开放性胸部创伤的ＣＴ征象。作者观察到Ｘ线检查在反映胸部全貌，肋骨骨折时优于ＣＴ扫描，而对Ｘ线未能发现的肺轻度挫伤、出血、少量气胸、心包积液、膈疝等，ＣＴ能做出明确诊断；还发现Ｘ线片所见到的脊柱旁长条状“纵膈气肿”实为脊柱旁的气胸影象。对Ｘ线检出的胸部阴影不能定性的，ＣＴ能区别为肺挫伤、肺血肿、肺囊肿、胸壁血肿等病变，为临床提供了较平片更加准确的放射诊断。对合并肝、脾、肾、肠等腹部脏器破裂的复合伤及骨盆、脊椎骨折等也可快速完成     

The tsunami generated from the eruption of the volcano of Santorin in the Bronze Age

A tsunami source mechanism, resulting from the collapse of the cone of the Santorin Volcano, accounted for the catastrophic sea waves observed in the Aegean Archipelago and the Eastern Mediterranean in the Bronze Age. The tsunami and destruction resulting from the explosion and collapse of the volcano of Santorin are discussed in this study. On the basis of recent geological evidence, it is concluded that the final caldera collapse resulted from a large earthquake, along an about NE-SW trending normal fault, along which the Santorin Volcanic field has developed. Such a source mechanism can account for the size and destructiveness of this Bronze Age Tsunami with its interesting archaeological and historical implications.     

不同原子化方法对样品气化速率的影响

本文研究了石墨炉原子吸收分析中管壁、平台和探针原子化测量Cd、Pb、Mn、Co、Cu和Cr的吸收信号特征。结果表明,吸收信号形状由被测元素的性质、样品气化速率和原子蒸气扩散速率决定。对于同一元素,在选定仪器条件下,峰形主要由样品气化速率决定。而样品气化速率又与原子化表面的升温速率有关。三种原子化方法中,探针的升温速率最快,得到较窄的信号峰,平台的升温速率最慢,峰形较宽。在提高样品气化速率方面,探针原子化是最理想的方法。     

上海外滩防汛墙的高度

本文提出上海外滩防汛墙的建立及以后几次加高主要是上海城市地面沉降引起的。防汛墙安全递增率随时间、地点而不同,其决定性因素为地面沉降率和海面上升率。祗有在地面基本稳定的条件下,上海市区防汛墙的高度才主要取决于气象、风暴潮引起的高潮位。     

The formation of circular littoral cones from tube-fed pāhoehoe: Mauna Loa,Hawai'i

Pyroclastic cones along the southwest coast of Mauna Loa volcano, Hawai'i, have a common structure: (a) an early formed circular outer rim 200–400 m in diameter composed mostly of scoria and lapilli, and (b) one or more later-formed inner rims composed almost exclusively of dense spatter. The spatter activity locally fed short lava flows that ponded within the outer rims. Based on various lines of evidence, these cones are littoral in origin: relationships between the cones and associated flows; the degassed nature of the pyroclasts; and (although not unequivocal) the position of the cones relative to known eruptive vent locations on Mauna Loa. Additional support for the littoral interpretation comes from their similarity to (smaller) littoral cones that have been observed forming during the ongoing Kilauea eruption. The structure of these Mauna Loa cones, however, contrasts with that of standard Hawaiian littoral cones in that there is (or once was) a complete circle of pyroclastic deposits. Furthermore, they are large even though associated with tubefed phoehoe flows instead of 'a'. The following origin is proposed: An initial flow of tube-fed phoehoe into the ocean built a lava delta with a base of hyaloclastite. Collapse of an inland portion of the active tube into the underlying wet hyaloclastites or a water-filled void allowed sufficient mixing of water and liquid lava to generate strong explosions. These explosions broke through the top of the flow and built up the outer scoria/lapilli rims on the solid carapace of the lava delta. Eventually, the supply of water diminished, the explosions declined in intensity to spattering, and the initial rim was filled with spatter and lava.     

Sub-volcanic crystallization at Stromboli (Aeolian Islands, southern Italy) preceding the Sciara del Fuoco sector collapse: evidence from monzonite lithic suite

 We describe texture, mineralogy and whole-rock composition of cognate monzonite sub-volcanic clasts within debris flow deposits related to the 5000 years catastrophic phreatomagmatic eruption probably linked to the Sciara del Fuoco sector collapse. The debris flows are at the top of accretionary lapilli-rich ash deposits overlying potassic (KS, shoshonites) lavas of the Neostromboli period. The monzonites are inferred to be crystallized in situ, at low P, at the side walls and/or roof margins of a shallow magma chamber and to be cogenetic with the KS Neostromboli extrusives. They can be considered "ideal orthocumulates" since they approximately retain a bulk liquid composition and possibly represent "slowly cooled equivalents" of their KS shoshonite host rock. The "closure temperature" of final solidification of the monzonite lithic suite was estimated through ternary-feldspar geothermobarometry, plagioclase–K-feldspar and K-feldspar–biotite equilibria and is in the range of 750–790  °C with a maximum –logfO₂ around 15.1–15.3. The estimated pressure of crystallization is <0.5 kbar. Potassic lavas and dikes, previously emplaced during the Neostromboli period, also resemble the monzonites in both major trace elements and mineral chemistry. The cogenetic relationship between KS Neostromboli extrusives and the monzonite host-rock magma from which the sub-volcanic clasts were derived is clear evidence that a shallow magma chamber existed between the caldera collapse of the Vancori period and the Sciara del Fuoco sector collapse (i.e. between 13 000 and 5000 years). The monzonite clasts were derived from crystallization at very shallow depth (ca. 1 km) and strongly support the hypothesis of violent decompression of the shallow magmatic plumbing system during the Sciara del Fuoco sector collapse. Climax of the regressive landslide event, with maximum disruption of the chamber walls, took place during emplacement of the debris flows, i.e. during the late stage of the Neostromboli phreatomagmatic eruption. Received: 15 September 1996 / Accepted: 5 May 1997