有限元强度折减法在边坡稳定性分析中的有效性及结果检验方法

有限元强度折减法的有效性及结果评价决定该方法是否能在工程上得到认可及推广的关键。本文基于有理论解的地基承载力问题和澳大利亚计算机应用协会（ACADS）边坡稳定性典型考题,通过计算值与理论解的对比以及塑性贯通区结果,对有限元强度折减法用于边坡稳定分析的有效性、失稳判据以及结果评价等问题进行了系统研究,提出了以塑性带宽度与长度之比检验计算结果的方法。结果发现,在足够且合理的网格密度下,有限元强度折减法分析边坡稳定性是有效的,不同类型的临界状态判据差异不大,而塑性区贯通判据最为客观;临界状态时塑性带的宽度与长度之比与安全系数的计算精度有很高的相关性,其值越小,精度越高,当塑性区相对宽度b/L小于0.05时,安全系数相对误差一般小于5%;对于强度折减法计算结果的精度评价,只要所得的等效塑性应变分布能确定滑动机制和大致的滑动面位置,其安全系数计算结果与更细密的网格的结果差异一般也在5%以内,精度就是足够的。     

基于集对分析的洪水分类研究

为避免常规分类方法复杂的数学理论和繁琐的计算,提出了基于集对原理的洪水分类新方法——集对分析法(SPAM)。系统地给出了集对分析法的基本思路和计算步骤。建议方法概念清晰,结构简单,计算简洁,易操作,是一种有效的分类途径。以实测洪水过程为例,应用研究表明集对分析法的分类结果是可行的。     

K油田开发中的砂体成像及油藏描述

K油田位于哈萨克斯坦南图尔盖盆地阿克赛隆起带上,主要产层为白垩系底砂岩及侏罗系河道砂。油田区南北跨度较大,油藏类型多样,砂体边界识别困难。该油田在2000年之后逐步投入开发,但在开发过程中发现相邻井的出油情况差异较大,油水关系复杂,油田需要提高对油藏的识别精度来应对新一轮增储上产及井网调整问题。利用敏感属性分析、3D可视化模块、地质统计反演等技术,重新认识和评价了K区油藏特征,识别区内多个独立油藏,厘清油藏间的油水关系,总结该区不同油藏类型的含油气规律,就目前困扰K油田勘探开发工作的问题给出解答。     

内嵌式法兰连接预制拼装双柱墩参数分析

本文基于实际工程对内嵌式法兰连接预制拼装双柱墩参数进行了分析,将法兰设置在塑性铰区以外,设计1∶3缩尺模型,通过分析不同法兰强度等级、混凝土强度等级、轴压比和配筋率的内嵌式法兰连接预制拼装双柱墩模型,得到不同情况下推覆曲线和损伤破坏状态,分析各参数的影响。研究结果表明,法兰强度等级对结构的影响较小,配筋率对结构承载力和延性的影响较大,结构最终失效主要表现在塑性铰区域,法兰存在一定程度的翘起。     

等高线拓扑关系的构建以及应用

提出了等高线拓扑关系的描述框架,其规范化描述形式具有更强的适用性,使用三角网作为工具设计了建立拓扑关系的算法。以提出的拓扑关系描述为基础,具体实现了等高线高程自动赋值,处理过程可以同时考虑开曲线(包括断线)和闭曲线,提高了可靠性和自动化程度,并进一步将断线连接为完整目标,减少了人机交互的编辑工作。     

Modeling spatiotemporal topological relationships between moving object trajectories along road networks based on region connection calculus

Considering the attempts to model spatiotemporal topological relationships between moving object trajectories, the conceptual and computational framework for moving objects along a road network has not received much attention. This paper aims to draw an improved model based on Region Connection Calculus (RCC) theory to represent the spatiotemporal topological relationships between moving object trajectories along road networks. This paper first uses a dimension reduction method based on a linear-reference transformation to model the moving object trajectories segments, and then defines new time–connection and space–connection relations between two trajectory segments. On this basis, the paper proposes an extension to the RCC-based spatiotemporal binary relationship set so that the combined semantics of the spatiotemporal predicates can be described completely. A case study was carried out using Floating Car Data in Guangzhou city. The computational results show that in a real application, the occurrence frequencies of the RCC-based binary relationships are distributed nonuniformly and the semantics of some binary relationships with the highest occurrence are coarse. Therefore, the partition of the spatiotemporal connection relations and the finer aspects of the spatiotemporal relationship model may require further research work.     

Long-term fish and macro-crustacean community variation in a Mediterranean lagoon

The fish and macro-crustacean community of the Vaccarès lagoon (Rhône River delta, South France) was sampled monthly from 1993 to 2002. The lagoon salinity shifted from 15 in 1993 to 5 in 1994–1997 and went back to 15 in 1999–2002. Connections with the sea also varied during the study period with larger openings in 1996–1997. During the study period, the community changed to revert in 2002 to a state similar to 1993. These changes consisted of a sequence of increased and decreased patterns of freshwater species and some marine species. Typical lagoon species tended to resist to salinity changes. Freshwater species colonised the lagoon when the salinity was low. Marine species may have varied both in relation to connections with the sea and to indirect effects of freshwater outflow. This study shows that community changes following environmental variations can be delayed in time, and emphasises the need for long-term studies.     

MapGIS二次开发在绘制地震震中分布图中的应用

MapGIS制图功能强大,但在绘制地震构造图过程中添加地震震中位置点时却极为繁琐.为此提出一种把记录地震信息的文本文件转换成MapGIS明码文件再生成图形文件,并通过属性连接达到动态标注的方法.按上述方法,以Microsoft VC 6.0为工具,二次开发MapGIS,实现了快速准确绘制地震震中分布图.     

Seasonality of Interannual Inter-hemispheric Oscillations over the Past Five Decades

Air mass is inter-hemispherically redistributed, leading to an interesting phenomenon known as the Inter-Hemispheric Oscillation (IHO). In the present article, the seasonality of the interannual IHO has been examined by employing monthly mean reanalyses from NCEP/NCAR, EAR40, and JRA25 for the period of 1958-2006. It is found that the IHO indices as calculated from different reanalyses are generally consistent with each other. A distinct seesaw structure in all four seasons between the northern and southern...     

基于熵权的五元联系数法在郑州市水资源丰富程度评价中的应用

针对水资源丰富程度评价中的不确定性及水资源分布特点,将集对分析中的五元联系数法应用于水资源丰富程度评价。在确定各评价指标的权重时,将信息论中的熵值理论引入该模型,运用信息熵所反映实测数据的效用值计算各评价指标的权重。通过对郑州市的实例应用表明基于熵权的五元联系数法计算简便,评价结果合理,为水资源丰富程度评价提供了一种简单而实用的评价方法。