全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6749篇 |
免费 | 515篇 |
国内免费 | 551篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 2903篇 |
大气科学 | 391篇 |
地球物理 | 711篇 |
地质学 | 1726篇 |
海洋学 | 304篇 |
天文学 | 15篇 |
综合类 | 914篇 |
自然地理 | 851篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 12篇 |
2023年 | 43篇 |
2022年 | 132篇 |
2021年 | 180篇 |
2020年 | 174篇 |
2019年 | 187篇 |
2018年 | 131篇 |
2017年 | 299篇 |
2016年 | 248篇 |
2015年 | 301篇 |
2014年 | 340篇 |
2013年 | 489篇 |
2012年 | 425篇 |
2011年 | 441篇 |
2010年 | 329篇 |
2009年 | 314篇 |
2008年 | 358篇 |
2007年 | 434篇 |
2006年 | 430篇 |
2005年 | 381篇 |
2004年 | 397篇 |
2003年 | 309篇 |
2002年 | 282篇 |
2001年 | 241篇 |
2000年 | 180篇 |
1999年 | 147篇 |
1998年 | 142篇 |
1997年 | 104篇 |
1996年 | 91篇 |
1995年 | 46篇 |
1994年 | 56篇 |
1993年 | 50篇 |
1992年 | 33篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 21篇 |
1989年 | 18篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有7815条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
一种利用点云邻域信息的建筑物屋顶面高精度自动提取方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从LiDAR数据中高精度地提取建筑物屋顶面是构建屋顶面拓扑关系、实现建筑物三维模型重建的关键。本文针对现有算法提取复杂建筑物屋顶面适应性较差、精度较低等问题,提出了一种利用点云邻域信息的建筑物屋顶面高精度自动提取方法。通过主成分分析计算点云特征,构建特征直方图,选取可靠种子点;利用提出的局部点云法向量分布密度聚类算法聚类种子点,快速准确地提取初始屋顶面片;构建基于邻域信息的投票模型,有效地解决屋顶面竞争现象。试验结果表明,本文方法可自动、高精度地提取屋顶面,对不同复杂程度的建筑物具有较好的适应性,能为建筑物三维模型重建提供可靠的屋顶面信息。 相似文献
992.
“多规合一”信息平台架构设计——以南京市为例 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
"多规合一"是党和国家近年来积极推进的改革措施,是推进城市治理体系和治理能力现代化的有力抓手。"多规合一"信息平台是科学开展"多规合一"工作,促进部门规划数据共享共建、加强各规划编制过程衔接的重要技术支撑。在当今智慧城市建设如火如荼,"天地图""互联网+政务服务"等政府改革措施大力推进的背景下,"多规合一"信息平台应当如何构建,如何有效衔接既有智慧城市成果,是一项需要综合考虑的问题。本文以南京市为例,在深入梳理国内典型城市"多规合一"信息平台建设经验的基础上,从数据架构、业务架构、应用架构、技术架构4个方面全面开展"多规合一"信息平台架构设计,以期为后续其他城市信息平台的建设实施提供指导。 相似文献
993.
实时准确地监测和分析大型建筑物的变形对于大型建筑物的施工与运行是十分重要的。奇异谱分析(SSA)是一种与经验正交函数相关联的一种统计技术。文中采用奇异谱分析(SSA)的方法,结合功率谱峰值与原序列和RC1-2重建序列均方误差最小的方法确定最优潜入维数M,研究了特长钢箱梁桥索塔的变形趋势和震荡周期。小波分析技术也可以很好地描述时间序列的时频分布,但SSA重构后的结果比小波要平滑些,更能反映出时间序列的特征。结合苏通大桥北索塔监测序列表明,北索塔站的N,E,U方向上均存在明显的趋势和显著的变动周期,而且也含有较多的噪声信息。 相似文献
994.
公路资产包括基础设施及其附属设施等有形资产和相关的设备资源、人力调配等无形资产两部分。实现公路资产的数字化管理是数字交通、智慧交通的基础。本文以辽宁某县为实验区,研究提出了公路资产数据的分类体系及数据标准,基于地理信息系统(GIS)技术构建了公路资产数据库,实现了公路资产数据的可视化表达与管理,为该县公路的信息化管理奠定了坚实的地理空间数据基础,具有推广应用价值。 相似文献
995.
龚强 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(1)
目前,我国正处于城市人口剧增的城镇化加速发展时期,同时,也面对交通堵塞、环境污染、能源紧缺等来自各方面的挑战。那么,如何破解城市发展所带来的诸多难题,实现城市可持续发展呢?建设智慧城市已成为当今世界城市发展不可逆转的历史潮流。目前,我国已有154个城市提出建设智慧城市。然而,在智慧城市建设过程中出现了值得重视的问题,即一些城市对基础地理数据、空间信息以及基础地理信息共享平台的建设认识不明确,重视不够。搭建地理信息共享平台是智慧城市建设的基础,是城市转型发展、生态文明建设、新型城镇化和治理现代化的需求,是推进“互联网+”行动和促进电子政务协调发展等方面的要求。因此,必须按照先进性、现势性、完备性、实用性等原则搭建地理信息共享平台。 相似文献
996.
ABSTRACTUsing Artl@s as an example of a project that relies on volunteered geographic information (VGI), this article examines the specific challenges that exist, beyond those frequently discussed in general VGI systems (e.g., participants’ motivation and data quality control) in regard to sharing research data in humanities: (1) most data from the humanities is qualitative and collected from multiple data sources which are often inconsistent and unmappable; (2) data is usually interconnected with multiple relationships among different tables which creates challenges for both mapping and query functionality; (3) data is both geographical and historical. Consequently addresses that no longer exist have to be geolocated and visualized on historical basemaps and spaces must be represented diachronically; (4) the design of web map application needs to balance both sophisticated research requirements and a user-friendly interface; (5) finally contributors expect their data to be cited or acknowledged when used in other studies and users need metadata and citation information in order to reuse and repurpose datasets.In this article, we discuss how Artl@s, a project which developed a georeferenced historical database of exhibition catalogues, addresses these challenges. Artl@s provides a case study for VGI adoption by digital humanities scholars for research data sharing, as it offers features, such as flexible batch data contribution, interrelated spatial query, automatic geolocalization of historical addresses, and data citation mechanisms. 相似文献
997.
Victor Fernandez Nascimento Nazli Yesiller Keith C Clarke Jean Pierre Henry Balbaud Ometto Pedro R. Andrade Anahi Chimini Sobral 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2017,54(5):657-677
??The proper management of solid waste (SW) is a global environmental challenge. A major issue is the proper disposal of SW while balancing a wide range of criteria and working with different spatial data. In this study, we used geographic information system as a tool to perform multi-criteria decision analysis with an analytical hierarchy process to develop an environmental impact susceptibility model (EISM) for landfills. The model was applied to the state of California, USA and results are presented herein. In particular, the EISM considers factors such as geology, pedology, geomorphology, water resources, and climate as represented by 13 associated environmental indicators. The results of the EISM indicate that more than 75% of California’s territory is situated in areas with very low, low, and medium environmental impact susceptibility categories. However, in the remaining 25% of the state’s land, 61 landfills are located in the high and very high categories. These results are alarming because during the period from 2000 to 2015, these 61 landfills received approximately 308 million tons of SW, which corresponds to more than 57% of all SW disposed in California. The model results can be used toward mitigating the environmental impacts of these facilities. 相似文献
998.
针对移动GIS应用商业开发组件难以进行自由定制与分发的问题,该文提出一种基于嵌入式Web服务器的Android移动端空间数据离线解决方法,该方法通过在Android设备中移植开源的NanoHTTPD服务器实现了地图瓦片服务和矢量要素服务,并通过编码读取bundle切片数据包和扩展Spatialite空间数据库的方式,解决了切片数据和矢量要素数据的存储,然后利用Webview控件内嵌HTML5页面加Leaflet地图库完成了前端功能实现,并进行了实际应用展示。该方案的实现可节省Android端移动GIS应用开发成本,具有推广意义。 相似文献
999.
Transmission line (TL) siting consists of finding suitable land to build transmission towers. This is just one of the numerous complex geographical problems often solved using GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA), which is a set of techniques that weight several geographical features to identify suitable locations. This technique is mostly employed using expert knowledge to identify the correct set of weights; thus adding a certain amount of subjectivity to the analysis, meaning that for the same problem if we change the experts involved, we may reach different results.This research is a first attempt to try and solve this issue. We employed a statistical analysis to quantitatively calculate these weights and we tested our method on a case study about transmission line siting in Switzerland. We compared the distances between each sample in our dataset, in this case study these are location of transmission towers, with each geographical feature, e.g. distance from water features. Then we calculate the same distances but for random points, sampled throughout the study area. The reasoning behind this method is that if samples present a distance from a geographic feature statistically different from the random, it means that the feature played an important role in dictating the location of the sample. In this case for instance, high-voltage transmission towers are purposely built as far away as possible from urban areas. Random points are on the contrary by definition sampled without any constraint. Therefore, when comparing the two datasets, we should find that transmission towers have a larger average distance from urban areas than random points. This allows us to determine that this criterion (i.e. distance from urban centers) is important for planning new TL.The results indicate that this method can successfully weight and rank the most important criteria to be considered for an MCDA analysis, in line with weights proposed in the literature. The advantage of the proposed technique is that it completely excludes human factors, thus potentially increasing the social acceptance of the MCDA results. 相似文献
1000.
David Serrano Giné Joan Jurado Rota María Yolanda Pérez Albert Carla Bonfill Cerveró 《The Professional geographer》2018,70(3):412-422
The aim of this article is to introduce the Beach Crowding Index (BCI), a procedure to assess the social carrying capacity of vulnerable beaches. The study uses the people at one time (PAOT) approach and data gathered weekly throughout the bathing season regarding the number of beachgoers in 100 m2 cells of the beach to assess how many beachgoers it can comfortably hold. The procedure is based on fieldwork, interviews with beachgoers, and geographic information system (GIS) analysis and has been tested on four beaches in protected areas on the Spanish Mediterranean coast. On a scale from 0 to 4, minimum scores throughout the bathing season are 0.7 and maximum 3.7, although results showed wide variation between the beaches, the section of the beach, and the time of day. This study suggests that determining the location of beachgoers and collecting a long-term series of data is fundamental to assessing social carrying capacity and that the BCI procedure can be used for a large number of applications. 相似文献