“嫦娥一号”第一幅月面遥感影像撞击坑特征

撞击坑是月表的主要地貌形态,按普通碗状型、中心隆起型、平底型及同心圆型4种类型描述"第一幅月面图像"上月表撞击坑的形态特征.应用遥感专业图像处理软件,结合白赛尔大地主题反算法,实现撞击坑分布及直径信息提取.研究发现,研究区域的撞击坑直径主要集中在300～700 m.而且撞击坑空间分布不均匀,直径越小,分布越密集.     

基于内容的离散余弦变换域自适应遥感图像数字水印算法

提出一种适于遥感图像知识产权保护和机密信息传递的离散余弦变换域自适应数字水印嵌入算法,该算法能够通过数字水印置乱、嵌入位置自适应选取、嵌入深度智能调节等措施,将二值水印图像信息安全地嵌入到遥感图像(纹理区)的离散余弦变换域中高频系数内.实验结果表明:该遥感图像数字水印算法不仅具有较好的透明性,而且对诸如叠加噪声、JPEG压缩、平滑滤波、几何剪切、图像增强、马赛克等攻击均具有较好的抗差性,整体性能优于Ho等提出的数字水印嵌入方案.     

动态分段思想在MapInfo中的实现

动态分段是一种新的线性特征的动态分析、显示和绘图技术.目前该技术已经成功地应用在以Arc/Info为代表的采用"弧段-结点"数据模型的GIS软件中,但是在采用"面向实体"数据模型的GIS软件中实现动态分段的研究却很少.本文在分析Arc/Info中动态分段数据结构的基础上,探讨如何在MapInfo中实现动态分段思想.     

数字正射影像拼接的研究

介绍了数字正射影像,详细探讨了数字正射影像的拼接,并介绍了一种处理影像重叠区域过渡的方法,以消除拼接后影像的接缝。     

多光谱与全色遥感影像像素级融合算法比较分析

简述了遥感影像融合的过程,并利用SPOT5的全色和多光谱影像在Envi软件里采用IHS、Gram-Schmidt、Brovey和Color Normalized （CN）的融合算法进行融合,然后对几种影像融合的结果进行定性定量的评价分析.分析的结果表明：与原多光谱相比,HIS融合方法的清晰度和信息的丰富度最高;Gram-Schmidt的光谱保真度和相关度最佳,清晰度和信息的丰富度也仅次于HIS融合结果;Brovey和CN的融合算法是最差的,但是在凸显植被和水体地物时Brovey和CN有优势.总而言之对于不同地物类型,每种融合方法具有各自的优势和限制,所以应根据不同的用途选择最佳的融合算法.     

山岳型旅游目的地形象感知研究——以五台山风景名胜区为例

以山岳型旅游目的地五台山风景区为例,利用百度、Google以及国内各旅游网站收集游客记述五台山旅游形象的87篇网络游记和620条网上点评,运用质性研究之扎根理论的方法对五台山申遗后旅游形象的感知进行研究,以期为山岳型旅游目的地形象研究拓展方法和为其管理提供参考和依据.结果表明:1.从71篇网络游记和490条网络点评中提取出佛教胜地、静心拜佛、避暑胜地、建筑精湛、许愿还愿和朝台览胜6大积极感知因素;2.从226句负面评论中,归纳出五台山旅游形象的6个消极感知因素为旅游供给、旅游环境、旅游设施、旅游管理、旅游吸引和旅游服务;3.同时,典故传说、佛缘之地、民风淳朴亦为五台山旅游形象的积极感知因素.     

Comparative assessment of semantic-sensitive satellite image retrieval: simple and context-sensitive Bayesian networks

In recent years, Bayesian networks using unsupervised extracted image features have been applied in many remote sensing information mining systems to enable semantic-sensitive image retrieval. However, a simple Bayesian network insufficiently accounts for the spatial information, that is, the relations among image regions, for the semantic inference process. This drawback significantly impacts the retrieval performance, especially if the utilised features contain no or little spatial information. Therefore, this article proposes a context-sensitive Bayesian network, which infers semantic concepts of image regions based on the spectral and textural characteristics of the regions themselves as well as their contexts, that is, the adjacent regions. In order to compare the context-sensitive Bayesian network with the simple Bayesian network, comprehensive experiments were conducted based on high-resolution multispectral IKONOS imagery. The results show that the incorporation of the image regions' spatial relations not only significantly improves the accuracy of the semantic concepts inference, but also allows more flexibility in choosing the type of low-level features.     

Approximation of Gaussian spatial autoregressive models for massive regular square tessellation data

Most of the literature to date proposes approximations to the determinant of a positive definite n × n spatial covariance matrix (the Jacobian term) for Gaussian spatial autoregressive models that fail to support the analysis of massive georeferenced data sets. This paper briefly surveys this literature, recalls and refines much simpler Jacobian approximations, presents selected eigenvalue estimation techniques, summarizes validation results (for estimated eigenvalues, Jacobian approximations, and estimation of a spatial autocorrelation parameter), and illustrates the estimation of the spatial autocorrelation parameter in a spatial autoregressive model specification for cases as large as n = 37,214,101. The principal contribution of this paper is to the implementation of spatial autoregressive model specifications for any size of georeferenced data set. Its specific additions to the literature include (1) new, more efficient estimation algorithms; (2) an approximation of the Jacobian term for remotely sensed data forming incomplete rectangular regions; (3) issues of inference; and (4) timing results.     

武威-天祝-庄浪河NNW向断裂分段及变形特征

在野外专题考察、大比例尺活断层地质填图、高精度地质剖面及阶地剖面实测的基础上,较系统地讨论了武威－ 天祝－ 庄浪河ＮＮＷ 向断裂的活动时代、变形方式及分段特征。结果表明： 该断裂带是一条典型的全新世活动断裂,整个断裂可分为不同几何结构、不同构造类型、不同变形特征的南、中、北三个断层段。其中北段和中段为隐伏断层,发育有第四纪活动褶皱和１９２７ 年古浪８ 级地震破裂带;南段断裂呈弧形几何形态展布,显示了逆断层构造面的基本特征     

Flood season segmentation based on the probability change-point analysis technique

Abstract

The segmentation of flood seasons has both theoretical and practical importance in hydrological sciences and water resources management. The probability change-point analysis technique is applied to segmenting a defined flood season into a number of sub-seasons. Two alternative sampling methods, annual maximum and peaks-over-threshold, are used to construct the new flow series. The series is assumed to follow the binomial distribution and is analysed with the probability change-point analysis technique. A Monte Carlo experiment is designed to evaluate the performance of proposed flood season segmentation models. It is shown that the change-point based models for flood season segmentation can rationally partition a flood season into appropriate sub-seasons. China's new Three Gorges Reservoir, located on the upper Yangtze River, was selected as a case study since a hydrological station with observed flow data from 1882 to 2003 is located 40 km downstream of the dam. The flood season of the reservoir can be reasonably divided into three sub-seasons: the pre-flood season (1 June–2 July); the main flood season (3 July–10 September); and the post-flood season (11–30 September). The results of flood season segmentation and the characteristics of flood events are reasonable for this region.

Citation Liu, P., Guo, S., Xiong, L. & Chen, L. (2010) Flood season segmentation based on the probability change-point analysis technique. Hydrol. Sci. J. 55(4), 540–554.