Reliability analysis of piles in spatially varying soils considering multiple failure modes

In most limit state design codes, the serviceability limit checks for drilled shafts still use deterministic approaches. Moreover, different limit states are usually considered separately. This paper develops a probabilistic framework to assess the serviceability performance with the consideration of soil spatial variability in reliability analysis. Specifically, the performance of a drilled shaft is defined in terms of the vertical settlement, lateral deflection, and angular distortion at the top of the shaft, corresponding to three limit states in the reliability analysis. Failure is defined as the event that the displacements exceed the corresponding tolerable displacements. The spatial variability of soil properties is considered using random field modeling. To illustrate the proposed framework, this study assesses the reliability of each limit state and the system reliability of a numerical example of a drilled shaft. The results show the system reliability should be considered for the serviceability performance. The importance measures of the random variables indicate that the external loads, the performance criteria, the model errors of load transfer curves and soil strength parameter are the most important factors in reliability analysis. Moreover, it is shown that the correlation length and coefficient of variation of soil strength can exert significant impacts on the calculated failure probability.     

煤矿采空区探测中的瞬变电磁干扰压制

煤田瞬变电磁探测常在人文干扰较强的煤矿周边进行工作,采集到的二次感应场信号大多噪声水平较高,难以开展处理解释工作.为消除野外数据中的电磁干扰,根据衰减曲线形态特征,利用曲线斜率的平均值及方差统计作为干扰判别机制,并参考邻近未受干扰的测点特性,可以快速简便地压制干扰,较好地恢复原始信号.使用该方法对理论数据与实测数据进行了处理解释,结果证明了方法的有效性.将该方法应用于煤矿采空区探测中,压制干扰后的曲线反演解释异常显示出与已知资料高度的一致性,得到了与实际相符的结果.     

新疆比勒提地区断裂构造磁异常信息提取及解释

比勒提地区位于新疆西南天山,以该区1：50000高精度磁测数据为基础,采用解析延拓、方向导数等技术手段提取与断裂构造有关的磁异常信息,对区域内构造进行识别,结合标本物性参数统计,对引起磁异常的原因进行分析。对区域磁异常向上延拓及求一阶导数后进行对比,圈定4个特征异常带A1-A4,结合地质资料,识别出4条断裂构造FW1-FW4,FW1和FW2对应喀拉铁克断裂及其次级断裂,FW3为构造动力作用产生的强片理化带,FW4为隐伏断裂,表明高精度磁法测量在本区能有效识别断裂并反映其分布。     

用边界单元法模拟二维地形对大地电磁场的影响

本文用边界单元法模拟二维地形对大地电磁场的影响.首先用格林公式将二维大地电磁的边值问题转变成积分方程,然后用边界单元法解积分方程,得到地形上的大地电磁场和它的法向导数,由此可计算电阻率.与有限单元法相比,本方法剖分后的地形与实际地形的拟合程度高,向计算机输入原始数据的工作简单,可以在微机上计算地形引起的视电阻率.本方法适合于在野外生产现场进行大地电磁法的地形改正.计算表明,地形对H_x型波的影响比对E_x型波严重得多;随着周期的增长,地形对H_x型波的影响变得稳定.     

求解变分不等式的Newton迭代的半局部收敛性分析

分析了求解变分不等式Newton方法的半局部收敛性，建立了类似于Kantorovich定理的收敛性结果。该结果不仅为判断Newton方法的收敛性提供了可计算的充分条件，也给出了Newton方法的收敛域以及问题解的存在区域。同时，文章也得到了Newton方法的若干收敛性质，包含收敛阶以及可计算的误差估计式等。     

固定式海洋平台结构风险设计方法综述

海洋平台的结构设计中主要考虑海洋环境和工作荷载作用,但近年来事故荷载的影响日益引起设计者关注。在此背景下,以固定式导管架平台结构为目标,综述当前针对事故荷载的风险设计方法的应用现状。首先论述在事故极限状态设计中应用风险分析的必要性;随后综述通用规范,如NORSOK、DNV、API等规范系列中对风险分析方法的使用现状,包括风险决策的不同层次、安全标准的各类形式,重在分析各类规范相关规定的异同,探讨各类方法的适用性;最后结合我国现状,论述若针对事故荷载编制基于风险方法的设计规范,目前尚存的问题,以及解决途径。     

An analysis of the radar backscatter from oil-covered sea surfaces using moment method and Monte-Carlo simulation: preliminary results

An analysis of the radar backscattering from the ocean surface covered by oil spill is presented using a microwave scattering model and Monte-Carlo simulation. In the analysis, a one-dimensional rough sea surface is numerically generated with an ocean waveheight spectrum for a given wind velocity. A two-layered medium is then generated by adding a thin oil layer on the simulated rough sea surface. The electric fields backscattered from the sea surface with two-layered medium are computed with the method of moments (MoM), and the backscattering coefficients are statistically obtained with N independent samples for each oil-spilled surface using the Monte-Carlo technique for various conditions of surface roughness, oil-layer thickness, frequency, polarization and incidence angle. The numerical simulation results are compared with theoretical models for clean sea surfaces and SAR images of an oil-spilled sea surface caused by the Hebei (Hebei province, China) Spirit oil tanker in 2007. Further, conditions for better oil spill extraction are sought by the numerical simulation on the effects of wind speed and oil-layer thickness at different incidence angles on the backscattering coefficients.     

阿克苏河流域气候变化对潜在蒸散量影响评价(英文)

Evapotranspiration is one of the key components of hydrological processes. Assessing the impact of climate factors on evapotranspiration is helpful in understanding the impact of climate change on hydrological processes. In this paper, based on the daily meteorological data from 1960 to 2007 within and around the Aksu River Basin, reference evapotranspiration (RET) was estimated with the FAO Penman-Monteith method. The temporal and spatial variations of RET were analyzed by using ARCGIS and Mann-Kendall met...     

煤层冲刷带预测方法评述

介绍了沉积分析法、矿井物探法以及地质统计法三种煤层冲刷带预测方法.实例证明,根据煤矿生产的具体情况,选择一种或综合运用几种方法,能较好地预测冲刷带的位置和范围.     

中国东部若干地区大气气溶胶虚折射指数特征

利用直接取样和积分片方法对大气气溶胶的折射指数虚部n_i进行了大量的实际测量。根据测量结果,给出了中国东部不同类型地区气溶胶n_i的统计特征:城市地区为0.080;郊区为0.063;乡村地区为0.030;高山为0.012;南海区域为0.006。城市和郊区的n_i值,冬半年(11月至次年的5月)比夏半年(6月至10月)大,12月份的n_i为极大值。除南海外,中国东部各类地区的n_i值比国外同类地区偏大,这与把煤炭作为主要能源造成的燃煤烟尘污染有关。