利用磷灰石裂变径迹资料反演合肥盆地古地温和估计沉降率与剥蚀率

利用合肥盆地内６个磷灰石裂变径迹样品资料,反演模拟了该盆地自侏罗纪晚期以来各时代地层古地温变化,估算了沉降率与剥蚀率．模拟结果与其他地质资料推论一致,它揭示出该盆地南北两地存在不同的构造变化和受热史,反映了大别山构造发展对盆地南北两地区影响的差异．盆地南部靠近大别山地区的晚侏罗世地层在白垩纪早期埋藏温度曾大于１２０℃;早白垩世后期的构造抬升（剥蚀率约１３０ｍ／Ｍａ）使温度降至３０—４０℃;自白垩纪后期始,该地区一直处于动荡的但总体为持续抬升的构造环境中．盆地北部地区晚侏罗世与早白垩世早期地层在白垩纪期间埋藏温度曾达到和超过１００℃,但随后的大幅度构造抬升（剥蚀率约１９０ｍ／Ｍａ）使其温度降至３０—６０℃;第三纪早期,局部区域的裂陷（沉降率约６０ｍ／Ｍａ）使温度又升至８０℃左右．指出合肥盆地构造演化大体可分形成、隆升、局部裂陷和再隆升４个阶段．     

基于正则MAP模型的遥感影像亚像元定位

为了更好地解决亚像元的定位问题,基于超分辨率影像重建的技术,结合亚像元定位理论,提出了一种应用于亚像元定位的正则MAP估计模型,并且通过真实数据进行了检验。实验表明,该模型是一种简单、有效地解决亚像元定位问题的方法。     

The SFR and IMF of the galactic disk

There is a long term dynamical heating of stellar populations with age observed in the age – velocity dispersion – relation (AVR). This effect allows a determination of the star formation history SFR(t) from local kinematical data of main sequence stars. Using a self-consistent disk model for the vertical structure of the disk, we find from the kinematics of the stars in the solar neighbourhood that the SFR shows a moderate star burst about 10 Gyr ago followed by a continuous decline to the present day value consistent with the observed number of OB stars. The gravitational potential of the gas component and of the Dark Matter Halo is included and the effect of chemical enrichment, finite lifetime of the stars and mass loss of the stellar component are taken into account. The scale heights for main sequence stars together with the SFR is then used to determine constistently the IMF from the observed local luminosity function. The main new result is that the power law break in the present day mass function (PDMF) around 1 M _⊙ is entirely due to evolutionary effects of the disk and does not appear in the IMF. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

提高航迹计算精度的方法研究

分析了传统的航迹计算方法存在的系统误差,引入了符号形式的子午线弧长正反解公式,推导出了可以消除该误差进而提高航迹计算精度的精确墨卡托航法。算例分析表明,该方法可以解决航海上不同地球参考椭球下的航迹计算问题,反解精度高达10^-4 m。     

泥石流物源区基岩岩性特征探讨

在一定区域内总体均匀的超强降水,并不会导致地形地貌条件大致相同的沟谷流域都发生泥石流,主要原因在于基岩岩性特征的差别。基岩构造总体较均一时,表部松散物的流失是持续渐进的;基岩为软硬相间的岩层,或者受到线性构造破坏,容易出现差异风化,表部物质呈脉动式剥蚀,可以为泥石流启动提供较好的物源条件。     

Dynamic analysis of slab track on multi-layered transversely isotropic saturated soils subjected to train loads

The dynamic responses of a slab track on transversely isotropic saturated soils subjected to moving train loads are investigated by a semi-analytical approach. The track model is described as an upper Euler beam to simulate the rails and a lower Euler beam to model the slab. Rail pads between the rails and slab are represented by a continuous layer of springs and dashpots. A series of point loads are formulated to describe the moving train loads. The governing equations of track-ground systems are solved using the double Fourier transform, and the dynamic responses in the time domain are obtained by the inverse Fourier transform. The results show that a train load with high velocity will generate a larger response in transversely isotropic saturated soil than the lower velocity load, and special attention should be paid on the pore pressure in the vicinity of the ground surface. The anisotropic parameters of a surface soil layer will have greater influence on the displacement and excess pore water pressure than those of the subsoil layer. The traditional design method taking ground soil as homogeneous isotropic soil is unsafe for the case of RE 1 and RG 1, so a transversely isotropic foundation model is of great significance to the design for high train velocities.     

Exhumation rates and age of metamorphism in the Sanbagawa belt: new constraints from zircon fission track analysis

Zircon fission track dating and track length analysis in the high‐grade part of the Asemigawa region of the Sanbagawa belt demonstrates a simple cooling history passing through the partial annealing zone at 63.2 ± 5.8 (2 σ) Ma. Combining this age with previous results of phengite and amphibole K–Ar and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating gives a cooling rate of between 6 and 13 °C Myr^?1, which can be converted to a maximum exhumation rate of 0.7 mm year^?1 using the known shape of the P–T path. This is an order of magnitude lower than the early part of the exhumation history. In contrast, zircon fission track analyses in the low‐grade Oboke region show that this area has undergone a complex thermal history probably related to post‐orogenic secondary reheating younger than c. 30 Ma. This event may correlate with the widespread igneous activity in south‐west Japan around 15 Ma. The age of subduction‐related metamorphism in the Oboke area is probably considerably older than the generally accepted range of 77–70 Ma.     

北大巴山凤凰山基底隆起晚中生代构造隆升历史

对采自于北大巴山凤凰山基底隆起8个样品的磷灰石裂变径迹年代学分析和热历史模拟表明,凤凰山基底隆起陆内造山运动结束后的隆升历史大致可以划分为2个阶段：早白垩世中晚期（135±5～95±5 Ma）缓慢隆升,晚白垩世（95±5～65±5 Ma）快速隆升。大巴山北缘韧性剪切带黑云母40Ar/39Ar坪年龄证实大巴山北缘中晚侏罗世（165.7±1.9 Ma～161.2 Ma）存在快速隆升剥蚀,其与大巴山强烈陆内造山作用阶段有关; 早白垩世中晚期缓慢隆升代表了陆内造山结束后的稳定阶段; 晚白垩世快速隆升为一次区域性隆升事件,在秦岭、大别和武当等地区均有反映,隆升过程中伴随着强烈的伸展垮塌作用,沿秦岭造山带发育一系列伸展断陷盆地。区域对比分析表明,凤凰山基底隆起隆升历史与黄陵、汉南地块接近,但与武当地块存在明显区别,反映了秦岭造山带的不均一隆升过程。南大巴山前陆带1个样品的热史模拟结果显示,南大巴山前陆带自早白垩世以来与凤凰山基底隆起经历了一致的隆升过程。     

“松科二井”用硬岩长寿命钻头的设计与应用

为提高“松科二井”在深井硬岩钻进中的寿命与效率,选用了高性能胎体材料、高强度焊接材料,并采用了合理的钻头结构与水路结构设计,研制的φ216/124 mm金刚石取心钻头在“松科二井”取得了良好的效果,本文介绍了适用于深井硬岩的金刚石钻头的设计及应用效果。     

颈椎间盘病变的CT表现及临床意义

目的 探讨颈椎间盘病变的CT平扫诊断与临床的价值。材料与方法，对80例颈椎间盘病变的CT表现按节段，类型，程度进行分析。结果：外伤是导致椎间盘病变的主要因素；颈椎间盘膨出和脱出均较少见，以突出为主；单节段发生较少，多节段发生常见，以C5／6，C4／T，C6／7多见；突出程度多在2－5mm之间。结论：CT检查能显示颈椎间盘病变的节段，类型以及与脊髓和神经根的关系，为临床制定治疗方案提供影像学依据。