DISCONTINUOUS FLOW OF TURBID DENSITY CURRENTS I. CHANNEL EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION

Laboratory experiments on turbid density currents were conducted to observe the flow features of these currents with abrupt contracted and expanded reaches. Experimental data were used to determine water entrainment coefficients for both channel expansion and contraction. Expressions for turbid density currents with water entrainment coefficients in abrupt contracted and expanded reaches were derived, and compared with experimental data.     

复杂应力条件下松砂振动孔隙水压力与体变特性的试验研究

利用新研制的土工静力-动力液压三轴-扭转多功能剪切仪,在5种初始主应力方向角与5种中主应力系数相组合的初始固结条件下,对饱和松砂进行了不排水循环扭剪试验。讨论了初始固结条件对不排水条件下饱和松砂孔隙水压力变化规律及对剪胀、剪缩、卸荷体缩等体积变化过程的影响。试验研究表明：（1）分别以稳定残余孔隙水压力和破坏时循环次数归一化后的残余孔隙水压力比和循环次数比之间的关系可以用双曲线模式表达。其参数主要依赖于初始主应力方向,中主应力系数对参数的影响并不显著。归一化后的孔隙水压力比与广义剪应变之间的关系也可以用双曲线模式表达,其中的2个待定参数依赖于初始主应力方向,与中主应力系数无关;（2）在三向非均等固结条件下的不排水循环扭剪试验中,饱和松砂表现出卸荷体缩特性,不同初始主应力方向时,饱和松砂剪缩、剪胀、卸荷体缩呈现出不同的交替变化模式。     

南水北调渠坡膨胀土胀缩特性及变形模型研究

南水北调工程膨胀土渠坡变形受大气降雨、蒸发等干湿循环作用较为显著,揭示渠顶膨胀土在干湿循环作用下的胀缩变形和垂直位移变形特征,可为渠坡的稳定性评价与处治方案提供依据。利用膨胀土室内胀缩特性试验结果,结合垂直位移量、含水率、降雨量、蒸发量和气温监测等现场观测数据,分析渠顶位移量和影响因子间关联度,建立了干湿循环作用下渠顶膨胀土的竖向变形模型。研究结果表明,以含水率、降雨量、蒸发量等构成的胀缩因子与渠顶垂直位移呈负相关关系,胀缩因子引起垂直位移分量较小;温度因子与渠顶垂直位移呈正相关关系,对渠顶垂直变形有较大影响,是影响渠顶变形的主要因素;渠坡开挖（时效因子）在施工初期对渠顶垂直变形有一定的影响,开挖完成后对渠顶垂直变形影响甚微。     

黏性土非线性弹性K-G模型的一种改进方法

为解决《土工试验规程》建议的K-G模型未考虑土体剪缩性问题并保持其简单性,在其基础上增加了一个剪缩模量,建议了一个3模量7参数K-G-D模型,给出了用 和 与 和 表示的完整的增量应力应变关系式;通过正常固结黏土的各向等压固结试验和等平均正应力的三轴压缩排水试验标定了模型参数;进行了黏土的常规三轴压缩排水试验,利用模型参数预测了相应路径下土样的体积与轴向变形,经与实测值对比,预测结果较好。该模型可考虑土体压硬性、剪缩性、应变强化特性,能较完善地描述欠固结和正常固结土及松砂和中密砂在等 和增 路径下的变形特性;模型并未在规程模型的基础上增加试验工作,且概念清晰、形式简单、便于实际应用。     

受迫摆方程的伪概周期解

利用伪概周期函数的性质和Banach压缩映像原理研究受迫摆方程的伪概周期解问题,证明伪概周期解的存在性及在条件‖y-π‖L∞<π2下的唯一性。     

PALEOGENE(?) DEPOSYSTEMS AND BASIN EVOLUTION IN THE EASTERN TIBETAN PLATEAU: NANGQIAN AND XIALAXIU BASINS

PALEOGENE(?) DEPOSYSTEMS AND BASIN EVOLUTION IN THE EASTERN TIBETAN PLATEAU: NANGQIAN AND XIALAXIU BASINS     

Thick-skinned Contractional Salt Structures in the Kuqa Depression, the Northern Tarim Basin: Constraints from Physical Experiments

Thick-skinned contractional salt structures are widely developed in the western Kuqa depression, northern Tarim basin. To understand the mechanisms that govern the development of these structures, physical experiments are conducted and the results show that they are largely governed by the activities of basement faults and the forming of paleo-uplifts and basement slopes. The model materials in this study are dry sand, vaseline and plasticene （or hard foam）, simulating the suprasalt, salt, and subsalt layers respectively. The experiments show that, due to the activities of basement faults and the forming of the paleo-uplifts, salt bodies usually accumulate and thicken significantly on the middle top of the paleo-uplifts which are constrained by the pre-exiting boundary faults. The development of large-scale thrust faults and salt nappes is favored by the basement slops with larger dips. The experiments also conclude that differential structural deformation could occur between the subsalt and suprasalt layers because of the presence of salt layers. Their geometries and the locations of structural highs are different, despite of the great similarities in the uplifted areas. The pierced salt diapir is not observed in the experiments, which indicates that the contractional shortening does not effectively accelerate the development of the salt diapir.     

甘肃山丹花草滩煤矿扩大区煤炭详查钻井液工艺及应用

在甘肃省山丹县花草滩煤矿扩大区煤炭详查钻探施工中,普遍存在着泥岩地层造浆、膨胀缩径及坍塌掉块等问题。针对上述问题,开展了钻井液工艺研究,选择了有机硅抑制剂、降滤失材料、随钻封堵材料及包被絮凝材料,进行钻井液配方及性能研究。通过室内实验及现场应用,证明了该钻井液具有良好的抑制性能、防塌护壁性能及流变性能,有效解决了上述技术难题,钻井液使用周期大幅提升,显著减少了废弃钻井液的排放,促进了绿色勘查理念在勘查区的实践推广。     

塔里木盆地库车坳陷盐构造成因机制探讨

以盐构造解析的方法,综合地震与地质资料分析,在盐构造成因要素剖析的基础上探讨库车坳陷盐构造动力学特征.研究表明库车坳陷盐构造的成因受多重作用影响,差异负载是库车坳陷盐构造初始形成时的动力来源,中新世—上新世中晚期差异负载作用是盐构造形成与缓慢生长的主要动力.盐上盖层快速沉降是该期盐构造生长缓慢的主要原因.上新世中晚期以来强烈的区域挤压作用是库车坳陷盐构造发育的主控因素,构造挤压决定了盐构造的样式、分布与规模,并促进了差异负载、重力作用与浮力作用的发展,以区域挤压为主的多种作用因素造成了库车坳陷盐构造晚期异常高速的生长.