PERIODIC MARKETS: COMMENTS ON SPATIAL-TEMPORAL RELATIONSHIPS

This work examines the use of an annually updated metropolitan data system as a tool for evaluating benign racial location policies during the first year of the Section 8 Existing Rent Supplement program. Case-study evidence shows that the rent supplement program (with benign locational policies) is ineffective in reducing the isolation faced by minority groups, and that the information used to monitor compliance of the program with benign locational policies lags badly behind the true state of affairs. As a result, new areas of racial concentration have been encouraged and augmented.     

丝绸之路经济带的地理空间认知框架研究

针对现有的丝绸之路经济带研究主要集中在人文角度的描述、统计和分析,缺少形象的空间思维手段和对经济带战略全局的整体把控的现状,该文在分析丝绸之路经济带地理特点的基础上,提出了丝绸之路经济带地理空间认知框架,认为丝绸之路经济带的地理空间认知是从概念空间、数据空间到信息空间、知识空间,最后形成智慧空间的认知深化过程,并重点研究了专家认知和用户认知两个关键环节。在此框架下,该文结合丝绸之路经济带的地理特点和测绘地理信息行业的技术现状从地理概念、地理数据、专家认知和用户认知四个方面分析了丝绸之路经济带的主要认知内容。研究表明,用户地理空间认知的深化程度依赖于前期的专家认知成果,专家在认知过程中必须时刻围绕用户的地理空间认知需求,专家认知和用户认知是地理空间认知有机统一的两个核心环节,不可割裂或偏废;直观的地理概念、准确的地理数据、丰富的专家经验和便捷的分析工具是科学认知丝绸之路经济带的技术保障,可以为区域经济合作战略的实施提供更多的地理智慧。     

塔里木盆地深探井完井方法研究

油气井完井方法是完井技术的重要组成部分，从影响完井方法选择的各种因素出发，建立了完井方法数据库及其管理系统，在这基础之上，研制ＣＭＥＳ专家系统及模糊综合评判系统，运用这两个系统可避免过去仅凭经验确定完井方法的不足，使完井方法的研究向定量化，计算机程序化方向前进了一步，研制的系统应用于塔里木盆地深探井完井方法的优选，实践证明是正确，可行的。     

Applying a fish expert system for ranking the biological effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the rockfish Sebastiscus marmoratus in the Maowei Sea,China

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution, particularly in coastal environments, is a global concern. In this study, the biomonitoring and ranking effects of PAHs in the rockfish Sebastiscus marmoratus were determined in the Maowei Sea, China. The results showed that the concentrations of the 16 priority PAHs detected in the surface seawater were moderate compared with those in other coastal areas worldwide, and the possible sources were rapid industrialization and urbanization combined with atmospheric deposition and runoff. Nested analysis of variance (ANOVA) suggested significant differences in the hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activities and phenanthrene-derived metabolites in bile between the port area and the oyster farming area. The fish expert system (FES) was applied to evaluate the biological effects of PAHs on fish. The FES data demonstrated that the biological effect levels of Site S1 (level III, medium stress) were higher than those of the other sampling sites (level II, low stress).     

Expansion of landscape characterisation methods within the Hydrogeological Landscape Framework: application in the Australian Capital Territory

The Hydrogeological Landscape (HGL) Framework is a landscape-characterisation tool that is used to discern areas of similar physical, hydrogeological, hydrological, chemical and biological properties, referred to as HGL Units. The HGL Framework facilitates prioritisation of natural-resource management investment by identifying current and potential hazards in the landscape. Within prioritised regions, on-ground management actions are tailored for specific Management Areas within individual HGL Units. The HGL Unit boundaries are determined through expert interpretation of spatial and field based datasets, such as climate, landform, geology, regolith, soil, stream network, groundwater flow systems, water quality and vegetation assemblages. The resulting HGL Units are validated by an interdisciplinary team using field assessment and biophysical testing. The use of the HGL Framework for new applications creates opportunities for refinement of the existing methodology and products for end users. This paper uses an application in the Australian Capital Territory as a case study to illustrate two enhanced techniques for the landscape characterisation component of the HGL Framework: use of an unsupervised statistical learning algorithm, Self-Organising Maps (SOM), to further validate HGL Units; and landform modelling to assist in delineation of Management Areas. The combined use of SOM and landform modelling techniques provides statistical support to the existing expert and field-based techniques, ensuring greater rigour and confidence in determination of landscape patterns. This creates a more refined HGL Framework landscape-characterisation tool, facilitating more precise hazard assessment and strategic natural-resource management by end users.     

一个圈闭评价专家系统的设计与实现

本文详细论述一个圈闭评价专家系统的设计与实现技术,该系统能够接收用户提供的圈闭信息,根据知识库中的专家知识给出圈闭的含油气资源评价;系统采用了基于黑扳的控制结构和基于规则的知识表达以及演绎推理、模糊推理、模糊综合评判等一系列技术在IBM-PC机上用C语言及少量汇编语言实现。系统已通过专家鉴定。     

土地质量地球化学评估方法研究——以慈溪市为例

以地球化学方法对慈溪市土地质量进行评估,通过层次分析法、因子分析法和专家经验法三种评估方法的对比研究,认为层次分析法、因子分析法比较适合一般土地质量评估,而专家经验法更适合污染土地质量地球化学评估。本文探索了适合土地质量评估的优选方案,为土地质量生态管理和土地合理规划、利用提供依据。     

分布式专家系统在大坝安全管理中的应用研究

介绍了一种基于Internet的分布式专家系统,说明了分布式专家系统的出现和应用,将会有利于解决专家系统中知识获取的瓶颈问题和降低复杂问题的求解难度。通过将其应用到水利信息化工程的大坝安全监测管理中,实现了专家知识的全局共享和分布式问题求解。     

地理专家知识表示的框架网络模型研究

基于框架网络结构模型的专家知识表示方法 ,采用知识的框架网络结构描述地学环境的实体单元 ,将各级专家知识的表示以指针连接 ,形成了由知识到语义的专家知识表示的框架网络。以乌鲁木齐河流域土地合理利用规划决策专家系统的构建为例 ,阐述了该模型的构造方法和实现方案 ,并讨论了系统知识库的组织结构和推理规则的设计原理。     

专家主持气象节目的优势与问题分析

目前专家主持播讲的电视节目正在悄然兴起,而在电视气象节目中专家型主持人非常少见。本文探讨了专家主持播讲气象节目的优势、可行性以及应注意的问题,对专家主持播讲气象节目的形式给予了充分肯定,同时指出必须切实避免一些容易出现的问题。