Sediment cascades and the entangled relationship between human impact and natural dynamics at the pre-pottery Neolithic site of Göbekli Tepe,Anatolia

This study presents a meta-analysis of radiocarbon ages for the environs of Göbekli Tepe – one of the oldest monumental structures worldwide – using cumulative probability functions to diachronically assess phases of geomorphodynamic activity as controlled by natural or anthropogenic drivers. We employ sediment cascades as a heuristic framework to study the complex responses of the geomorphological system to various triggers at local to supra-regional scales. Possible triggers include climatic variability as documented by supra-regional hydroclimatic proxy data, regional demographic trends, and local to regional socioeconomic developments such as the emergence of sedentism or the introduction and dispersal of livestock herding. Our results show that phases of intensified geomorphodynamic activity occurred between ca. 7.4–7.0 and 5.8–3.3 ka BP. These phases roughly coincide with phases of population growth in southern Turkey and climatic variations in Turkey and the Levant. The phase between ca. 5.8–3.3 ka BP also corresponds to the time when organized agriculture and the seeder plough were introduced. Also, the identified phases are in agreement with the general trend of varying geomorphodynamic activity in the Eastern Mediterranean as driven by human impact and climatic change. However, neither the Younger Dryas–Holocene transition nor the development of herding during the Pre-Pottery Neolithic left a clear signature. We demonstrate how the different depositional environments in the studied landscape compartments vary with respect to their spatiotemporal coverage and discuss challenges when trying to understand processes that once shaped landscapes of past societies. © 2020 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd     

黔西南部分矿集区环境背景

黔西南是金、锑、汞、砷、煤矿集中分布区,汞、砷在土壤中背景值高于一般土壤的20倍,汞高出14～5000倍,属于高砷、汞、氟环境背景区,由于矿业活动不合理,加剧了区内土壤、水体污染,存在砷、汞、氟等环境污染隐患。     

我国高原干旱气候区作物种植区划综合指标体系研究

在高原地区建立以气象、地理位置、经济效益等不同指标类型和权重系数的干旱气候作物生态适生种植区划综合指标体系,并以定量标准进行5级作物生态适生种植区划等级的划分。该综合指标体系具有实践性、经验性、客观性和应用性的特点。     

新疆国土资源环境信息系统设计与实现

对新疆国土资源环境信息系统的设计与实现进行了详细介绍,对系统研建中的关键技术进行了研究和探讨,提出了解决方案。系统的建成实现了利用GIS技术对国土资源环境信息的统一管理和快速检索、更新、分析与处理,填补了新疆国土资源环境遥感综合调查信息应用GIS技术综合管理应用的空白。     

区段控制浓度的一种定量化模型研究

该文就总量控制工作进行理论探讨,提出控制平均浓度的排污等效模型,同时对计算区段控制浓度的确定进行定量化模型研究。该模型简便、易操作、实用性强,具有一定的理论意义和实用价值。     

西藏南部康马岩体岩石类型及其同位素测年

康马岩体位于西藏南部康马县城北侧 ,其内部可划分出 5种不同的岩石类型 :(1)片麻状黑云二长花岗岩 ;(2 )眼球状黑云二长花岗岩 ;(3)片麻状二云母二长花岗岩 ;(4 )弱片麻状细粒黑云二长花岗岩 ;(5 )变质的暗色辉长辉绿岩。前两类为康马岩体的主体岩石类型 ,侵位时代为加里东早期 (约4 78～ 4 6 1Ma) ;其余均呈脉状产出 ,其中片麻状二云母二长花岗岩与康马岩体主体岩石类型属于同期产物 ,弱片麻状细粒黑云二长花岗岩形成于海西早期 ((339.0± 1.2 )Ma) ,暗色辉长辉绿岩的形成时代目前还不十分清楚。不同类型的岩石其Ar Ar冷却年龄约为 18～ 14Ma。     

杭州湾淡化对虾养殖池水中氮磷营养盐的存在特征

利用2002年5～7月对杭州湾淡化对虾养殖虾池水环境中氮磷营养盐的调查资料,分析了该养殖水环境中氮磷营养盐的存在形态与行为,结果表明:(1)在该养殖水环境中,IP含量随时间变化不大,相对较稳定;(2)IN含量的变化主要受生物活动控制,在养殖过程中变化较大,NO3-N为IN的主要存在形态,但在养殖后期,NO2-N含量有所增加;(3)该养殖水环境中氮磷营养盐含量均超过富营养化阈值,因而已无法判断浮游植物生长的限制因子;(4)叶绿素a与IN含量成显著负相关,而与IP含量的相关性不显著。     

湖南省地市经济差异综合评价及分区研究

文章运用主成分分析的数理统计方法,选择14项指标,对湖南省地市经济发展水平的区域差异进行了综合评价和区域聚类划分。评价结果表明:湖南各地市的经济发展水平存在明显差异,可划分为5个层次。在此基础上,文章还提出了实现地市经济协调发展的对策:重视经济发展效率;坚持"点-轴"开发模式,优化空间开发结构;加快长株潭发展极产业一体化发展步伐等。     

乌梁素海湿地环境演变

The environment evolution of Wuliangsuhai wetland since 1986 is analyzed based on the remote sensing principle. The total water area of Wuliangsuhai lake has been increased during the past 17 years. The open water area had an increasing trend before 1987, and the trend was decreasing up to 1996, then the trend has increased again since 2000; the variation of the water area with dense aquatic weed is basically contradictory to the variation of open water area. The natural reed area had been decreased before 1987, and then it has been increased. The areas of shallow water and swamp have been slightly increased, in fact, the variations are quite steady. The artificial reed area has been increased since the reed plantation was started in 1988. The relationships of the water environment, the climate, hydrology and different types of areas are discussed, and then the technological measures for sustainable development and utilization of Wuliangsuhai lake water environment are proposed.     

塔里木盆地肖尔布拉克剖面下寒武统底部硅质岩微量元素和稀土元素地球化学及其沉积背景

对塔里木盆地北部肖尔布拉克寒武系露头剖面中 8.8m厚的黑色页岩夹硅质岩组合中的硅质岩的系统采样分析表明,该硅质岩具有深源成因特征。其低的Th/U和Rb/Sr比也证明了其沉积时所具有的深部物源和热水注入迹象。硅质岩的稀土元素经北美页岩标准化后的Ce/Ce 从 0.4 2到 0.79,平均 0.5 7。Ce的负异常明显。这些稀土元素的参数特征与加利福尼亚弗朗希斯科杂岩 (FranciscanComplex)中沉积在大洋海底硅质岩的稀土元素特征十分相似。北美页岩标准化后的Eu/Eu 值从 8.0 5下降到 1.0 3。其相对较高的Eu/Eu 值很有可能反映了热水的注入。Eu/Eu 值从剖面底部到顶部的系统降低反映了剖面底部的热水作用最强烈,向上热水作用逐渐减弱。上述一系列的地球化学标志指示该硅质岩应沉积在离洋中脊不远的、具有深源物质/热水注入的远洋盆地背景中。结合区域地质和伴生黑色页岩地球化学的综合分析认为,该套硅质岩的形成与上升洋流的影响有关。上升洋流将形成于大洋盆地背景中的物质带到大陆边缘陆棚环境中发生沉积,造成了沉积在陆棚环境中的硅质岩,在地球化学组成上保留了其大洋盆地背景的特征