车辆荷载作用下隔震沟隔震效率影响因素分析

基于动力学基本方程,运用有限单元法（FEM）和Newmark隐式积分方法,对隔震沟对车辆荷载（FWD荷载）引起的地基振动的隔震效率的影响因素进行了弹塑性数值分析。考虑到人工边界上波反射对计算结果的影响,分别用有限单元和半无限单元离散计算区域内部和边界,分析中主要考虑了隔震沟的位置、深度、宽度三个主要影响因素,基于计算结果总结出其影响规律。     

Energy efficiency evaluation,technology gap ratio,and determinants of energy productivity change in developed and developing G20 economies: DEA super-SBM and MLI approaches

This study employed Slack-based measure (SBM), Meta-frontier analysis, and Malmquist–Luenberger index (MLI) approaches to measure energy efficiency (EE), production technology heterogeneity, and energy productivity variation and its main determinants in developed and developing G20 countries for the period 1995–2020. The study's findings are: (i) Average EE for G20 countries is 0.8577, but still has an improvement potential of 14.23 percent. (ii) Developed countries have a higher average EE than developing (0.8927 > 0.8290). Results further revealed that energy efficiency scores in Argentina, Australia, Brazil, France, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, the US, the UK, and Korea are>1. (iii) Technology gap ratio (TGR) value in developed countries is higher than in developing (0.9869 > 0.6801), indicating that developed countries have advanced energy technologies superiority. The average MLI is less than one, showing a decline in energy productivity mainly due to a decline in technical efficiency, as EC < TC. (iv) Developed G20 countries get 0.64 percent aggregate growth in energy productivity as their MLI score is 1.0064, mainly due to technological growth (TC = 1.0161). Developing G20 countries, on the other hand, witnessed a decline in their energy productivity during 1995–2020, as MLI = 0.9925 > 1, designating that, on average, there is a 0.75 % decline in MLI.     

特低渗透砂岩储层水驱油CT成像技术研究

通过水驱油岩心的CT成像技术,动态、定量、可视化地研究了特低渗透砂岩储层水驱油岩心的微观孔隙结构、含水饱和度分布、吸水能力及微观孔隙结构对驱油效率的影响.研究表明,实验岩心的CT值分布在1819~1961之间,与标准的Berea砂岩相比高出15%左右,属于典型的特低渗透砂岩储层.储层微观孔隙结构是影响油水分布的主要因素.特低渗透砂岩储层开发要高度重视无水采收率.储层致密和微裂缝发育的不均一性是特低渗透砂岩油田驱油效率低的根本原因.     

Considering dynamic soil structure interaction (SSI) effects on seismic isolation retrofit efficiency and the importance of natural frequency ratio

This paper utilizes and expands on existing coupled BEM–FEM (finite element method) methods for the investigation of the effects of soil structure interaction (SSI) on both an un-retrofitted and seismically isolated typical bridge structure. A simple numerical model of the bridge and surrounding soil is formulated and excited by an earthquake excitation. Utilizing Newmark's β FEM solution method along with the closed form B-spline BIRF method, the structural damped period, composite damping ratio, pier relative displacement, and base shear demand are monitored. From these results, the effects of SSI on this structure are identified. Additionally, the importance of the relative rigidity between the soil-foundation system and the bridge structure is also investigated. The results of the studies indicate that the response of the complete structure system considered is affected by the inclusion of SSI effects. Furthermore, the efficiency of the isolation measures designed using fixed base conditions is decreased by considering SSI over a certain relative rigidity range that is quantified using the structure to soil-foundation natural frequency ratio.     

云南地区综合地震前兆信息量及其短期映震能力分析

选取了云南地区34个台站的55项映震能力较好的形变、地磁和地下流体前兆观测资料,计算并提取了这些前兆资料的单项及综合地震前兆信息量,并对其采取一致性的异常判定标准,统计异常对云南地区M≥6．0地震的映震情况及预测效能,进而确定了云南地区M≥6．0地震的短期综合预报指标。     

基于浮点遗传算法的近震定位方法

文中介绍了一种适用于基于浮点遗传算法的地震定位问题方法, 在该算法中选用了浮点基因表示方法、 参数和基因取值范围一致来避免编码解码, 提出了算法的动态结束条件及处理方法。 通过实际运算检验证明使用该方法来实现地震定位可以避免地震定位中的不稳定性和对初值的依赖性, 从而保证地震定位的可靠性和稳定性, 在时效方面也达到了相当的水平, 是一个具有实际使用价值的算法。     

培养液更换对萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)休眠卵形成的影响

在种群累积培养状态下研究了培养液更换对萼花臂尾轮虫（ Ｂｒａｃｈｉｏｎｕｓ ｃａｌｙｃｉｆｌｏｒｕｓ）休眠卵形成的影响,结果表明,在培养液不予更换的情况下,萼花臂尾轮虫休眠卵的产量和形成效率分别为 ７２４ ３３３３± ４０． ５２５７ｉｎｄ（６ｄ．２０ｍＬ）－１和 ６ ．０３６１± ０． ３３７７ｉｎｄ（５ × １０６ ｃｅｌｌｓ）－１（ａｌ－ｇａｅ ｄｉｅｔ）与之相比,当培养液每 ２天更换一次时,其休眠卵的产量和形成效率分别下降至６３７．３３３３±１６． ８０２８ｉｎｄ．（６ｄ·２０ｍＬ）－１和５ ．３１１１±０ ．１４００ｉｎｄ（５×１０６ｃｅｌｌｓ）－１（ａｌｇａｅ　ｄｉｅｔ）．随着培养液更换频率增大至每天一次时,其休眠卵的产量和形成效率下降的幅度进一步增大培养液更换对轮虫种群中的混交雌体百分率和混交雌体受精率无显著的影响,最后探讨了培养液更换对萼花臂尾轮虫休眠卵形成影响的机理．     

Kinetic shear resistance,fluid pressures and radiation efficiency during seismic faulting

Summary During earthquake faulting, radiation efficiency and the degree stress relief are critically dependent on the kinetic shear resistance. This is often assumed to stay constant during slip, but geological evidence suggests that for moderate or large shallow earthquakes it may decrease dramatically to near-zero values once slip is initiated, either by melt formation or by transient increases in fluid pressure on the fault plane. The latter, probably more common process may arise partly through an interaction between temperature and water pressure, and partly through dilatancy recovery as shear stress is relieved. If the fault remains undrained, stress relief should be absolute with seismic efficiency reaching high values, so that stress drops give a measure of the level of tectonic shear stress in fault zones. Supporting evidence comes from the observation that apparent stress is generally about half the stress drop.     

承压井水位对气压动态过程的响应

本文从气压影响承压井水位的偏微分方程出发,考虑到井孔和含水层之间相互渗流的边界条件,得出了方程的解。给出了承压井水位对气庄动态过程响应的气压效率和位相滞后。讨论了气压效率和位相滞后与水井含水层系统各参数的关系。并指出气压效率越大的承压井,其含水层对应力应变的敏感程度越差。     

Experimental study on the effect of bottomless structure in front of a bottom outlet on a sediment flushing cone

One of the main problems in reservoirs is sedimentation which reduces the operating life of dams if a proper plan and analysis method are not in place.The techniques to manage sediment in reservoirs include several sustainable management techniques that route sediment through or around the reservoir.One of the main economical methods in arid and semi-arid regions is pressurized flushing using moderate drawdown of the water level of the reservoir to evacuate sediment deposited behind dams.In the current study,the effect of a new structure called a dendritic bottomless extended(DBE)outlet structure at three angles of 30°,45°,and 60°
on pressurized flushing efficiency was investigated.Consequently,45 experiments were designed for three discharge rates (Qo),three sediment levels(Hs),four types of structure,and a no-structure condition(reference test).The results indicated that the DBE structure with a 30°angle between the branches,a sedimentary dimensionless index of Hs/Do=4.59,and a flow dimensionless index of Qo=/√gD05=1:43(where g is the acceleration of gravity and Do is the diameter of the bottom outlet)lead to 10-fold increase in the sediment flushing cone dimensions and sediment removal efficiency compared to the results of the reference test.Finally,according to a statistical analysis of the results,a dimensionless equation for calculating the sediment flushing cone dimensions was developed for the tested sediment characteristics.