Failure of double friction pendulum bearings under pulse‐type motions

Although the behavior of friction sliding bearings is well understood, the failure behavior has not been thoroughly investigated. However, predicting and understanding the failure of bearings is an important key in designing isolated structures to minimize their collapse in extreme events, and thus, this study is critical. Because of its relative simplicity and particular availability in certain markets, the failure of the double friction pendulum (DFP) bearing at its physical displacement limit is investigated. The bearing is modeled with a rigid body model including inertia for each of the bearing components. A nonlinear viscoelastic impact model is included to simulate the impact between bearing components. As isolation systems are particularly vulnerable to long‐period excitations, analytical pulses are used as input excitations to investigate the influences of pulse parameters on the failure of DFP. The influences of DFP design parameters are investigated as well. To confirm that the response to the analytical pulses correctly represents the behavior under long‐period ground motions, wavelet analysis to is performed on 14 pairs of pulse‐type ground motion records to extract their pulses, and the failure prediction made from the extracted analytical pulse is compared with the failure from the real ground motions. It is found that using the extracted pulses provides a good estimation for the failure prediction of the ground motions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

波浪作用下涵洞式直立堤水体交换特性研究

基于计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟和物理模型试验结合的方式,开展涵洞式直立堤在波浪作用下的水体交换研究。CFD数值模拟采用VPM (volume-average/point-value method)-THINC (tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing)/QQ (quadratic surface representation and Gaussian quadrature)模型,并在此基础上提出一种能够标记涵洞内外水体变化的双液相流体体积模型(VOF)方法,定性及定量描述涵洞内外水体的交换特性;物理模型试验主要用来验证数值模型的准确性。研究表明,在波浪的作用下,涵洞内部会形成一股往复振荡的水流,对水体交换起到重要的作用。该振荡流主要受到涵洞高度、波浪周期以及波高的影响,涵洞深度对其影响不大。在波浪长时间的作用下,涵洞式直立堤能有效地增强港池内外水体交换。     

CCD measurements of visual double stars at Calar Alto

342 CCD measurements of relative positions and magnitude differences for 145 visual double stars are presented. Observations were carried out at the 1.23m telescope of the German‐Spanish Astronomical Center at Calar Alto (Spain), all of them in V and R photometric bands.     

变电站接地电阻实例计算及降阻分析

根据实际接地网所处环境因素的分析,对变电站所需的雷电系统的防护,依据国家制定的标准的要求,提出了具体解决方案。     

异烟酸-吡唑啉酮分光光度法测定地下水中氰化物的不确定度评定

采用不确定度连续传递模型,对异烟酸-吡唑啉酮分光光度法测定地下水中氰化物的不确定度进行评定。分析了不确定度的重要来源,包括样品制备、标准溶液配制、标准曲线拟合和仪器测量过程等引入的不确定度分量。采用x、y双误差回归方式对标准曲线进行拟合,通过分析得知,样品中氰化物浓度越低,其相对不确定度越大。     

福建马坑外围铁矿深部勘查钻探工艺组合应用研究

针对福建马坑外围铁矿深部复杂地层钻探技术难题,开展钻探工艺的组合应用探讨,通过采用绳索取心液动锤、多功能孔底反循环单动双管取心技术等以及复杂地层护壁堵漏的技术组合（套管、泥浆、水泥）,初步解决矿区复杂地层取心难、孔壁故障频发、易斜等问题,总结了一套对后续施工具有参考价值的钻探工艺和措施。     

基于变化向量分析的土地利用／覆盖变化动态监测（Ⅰ）——变化阈值的确定方法

本文以北京市海淀区为例，把变化向量分析方法引进到了当前国内的土地利用／覆盖变化监测中，针对变化向量分析方法中变化阈值确定的难题，提出了一种双窗口变步长阈值搜寻的新方法，从海淀区的实例研究结果看，变化的检测精度可以达到87％以上，表明变化向量分析法在解决阈值问题后，确实可以有效地提取土地利用／覆盖变化信息。     

江苏吴县柑桔品质的多元分析

双重筛选多对多逐步回归，对于多个自变量，多个因变量之间相互关联，相互影响的回归类型分析具有明显优势。柑桔品质与气象因子之间就存在这种耦联作用。运用双重筛选多对多逐步回归对影响柑桔品质的气象因子分析效果明显。光，温，水等气象因子对柑桔品质均有影响，尤以温，光条件影响为主，多因子综合影响要比单因子影响显著。     

Obtaining Accurate Isotopic Compositions with the Double Spike Technique: Practical Considerations

Ever‐increasing precision in isotope ratio measurements requires a concomitant small bias within and between laboratories. The double spike technique is the most suitable method to obtain reliable isotope composition data that are accurately corrected for instrumental mass fractionation. Compared with other methods, such as sample‐calibrator bracketing (SCB), only the double spike technique can correct for all sources of fractionation after equilibration of the sample with the double spike, such as that incurred during chemical separation and measurement. In addition, it is not dependent on a priori assumptions of perfect matrix matching of samples to reference materials or quantitative recovery of the sample through the chemical separation procedure to yield accurate results. In this review article, we present a detailed discussion of the merits of the double spike technique, how to design and calibrate a suitable double spike and analytical strategies. Our objective is to offer a step‐by‐step introduction to the use of the double spike technique in order to lower potential barriers that researchers new to the subject might face, such that double spiking will replace SCB as the measurement method of choice.     

双通道平行井在采卤对接井中的首次应用

结合土耳其贝帕扎里天然碱矿三期工程增补合同中H022UA井实例,介绍双通道平行井的轨迹设计、应用目的以及在首次应用中遇到的问题和解决措施。虽然经历了矿层抬升、靶点溶腔过小、下钻困难、钻遇未知溶腔等一系列困难,经过采取有效的技术措施,H022UA井最终对接成功,完井循环。为今后施工类似工程提供了可借鉴的经验。