基于遥感方法的长白山地区植被物候期变化趋势研究

目前,越来越多的遥感数据被用来监测大面积植物物候的动态变化。利用长时间序列的SPOT/NDVI旬合成数据,通过double logistic模型获取了1999~2008年长白山地区植被的3个关键物候参数:生长季始期、生长季末期和生长季长度的多年平均值,并绘制了它们的变化趋势空间格局图。结果表明,林地的生长季开始日期为第100~120天,草地和耕地相对较晚,分别为第130~140天和第140~150天;林地和草地生长季的结束日期为第275~285天,耕地的相对较早,为第265~275天;林地、草地和耕地的生长季长度范围分别为160~180 d、140~160 d和110~130 d。植被物候期的变化趋势表现为一定的空间差异性,生长季长度延长区域主要分布在长白山地区的中东部,平均每年延长约0.7 d;缩短的区域在西北地区,平均每年缩短1.1 d。最后通过部分物候观测数据及前人在相同研究区的结果验证了利用double logistic模型提取预测长白山植被物候期的可行性。     

吊杆损伤对湛河斜靠式拱桥动力特性的影响

根据平顶山市城东河路湛河桥主桥—斜靠式拱桥的结构特点,采用M IDAS/C ivil有限元软件,建立了该桥的空间有限元计算模型,进行了不同吊杆损伤情况下的桥梁动力特性计算,通过对比桥梁在完好状态和不同吊杆损伤情况下的桥梁动力特性,得出结论:吊杆损伤对斜靠式拱桥的低阶自振频率总体影响较小,但对桥梁整体竖向自振频率和扭转自振频率相对影响较大,吊杆损伤导致桥梁竖向和扭转自振频率降低;主拱吊杆损伤比稳定拱吊杆损伤对该桥的自振频率影响大,跨中吊杆损伤比1/4跨处吊杆损伤对该桥自振频率影响大。计算结果对正确认识斜靠式拱桥在不同状态下的结构动力特征,合理评价桥梁运营阶段的健康状况提供了参考和基础性数据。     

榆树地震台地电场观测数据分析

处理、分析榆树地震台自建台以来2 604天的地电场分钟值数据,结果表明;①该台地电场正常的日变化曲线形态呈现典型的"双峰单谷"变化;②地电场分钟值曲线峰谷极值时间与本地日出和日落时间吻合;③地电场观测记录的短周期信号(小于1 h)受观测环境的影响较小;④在中强地震前,能够捕捉到明显的异常信息,等等。     

双标量损伤模型及其在Biot固结有限元中的应用

在前人工作的基础上,推广并发展了各向同性双标量损伤变量理论,推导出双标量损伤变量模型的损伤演化方程。然后,将其引入比奥固结有限元方程中,并据此编制相应的双标量损伤变量流-固耦合有限元程序。最后,对一个软土路基有限元简化模型进行分析计算,并以典型节点为例,绘制了模型沉降值、孔压值、损伤变量等的变化曲线。结果表明,利用双标量损伤变量模型描述土的本构关系比单标量损伤模型更加合理。     

Artificial induction of mito-gynogenetic diploids in large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) by hydrostatic pressure

The present study investigated conditions for inducing mito-gynogenetic(endomitosis) diploids by hydrostatic pressure in the large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea.In haploid control groups,the development of eggs was activated with ultraviolet radiated semen.All fry presented typical haploid syndrome in the haploid control groups,and were verified as haploids using cytometry.After hydrostatic pressure treatment,morphologically normal fry reappeared at different frequencies according to the intensity and...     

石板水电站重力坝坝基渗流渗压观测资料的统计回归分析

渗流、渗压是影响坝基稳定的重要因素。通过对石板水电站重力坝坝基渗流、渗压多年观测数据的统计分析,考虑水位、温度和时效的影响,采用逐步回归分析法建立了坝基渗流、渗压的统计回归分析模型。回归计算结果表明,渗流、渗压统计值与观测值吻合较好,统计复相关系数较大,估计标准误差较小。统计回归分析模型有效地反映了坝基渗流、渗压的变化规律和发展趋势,为评价大坝运行安全性态提供了有效地分析手段和途径。     

基坑工程有限元数值分析结果的可视化表达

针对基坑工程的施工力学特性,采用双扫描线提出有限元数值计算结果可视化后处理方法,在阐述了双扫描线方法的基本原理和实现方法的基础上,编制了可视化后处理类程序,并整合到所开发的基坑开挖有限元分析程序中。最后,对某一开挖基坑计算结果进行了处理,得到了满意的效果。     

京西北地区地震重定位分析

利用双差地震定位方法,针对京西北地区(39.5°—41.5°N,113.5°—116.5°E)2008—2016年记录的地震进行重新定位,最终得到1819次地震精定位结果。分析表明:地震密集区域多集中分布在NE和NW向断裂交汇区域,成条带的地震走向更加清晰,成簇性地震分布更加收敛,体现了断裂对震中分布具有较强的控制作用;震源深度优势分布主要集中在4—14 km范围,表明京西北地区地震主要发生在的中上地壳;震源深度剖面显示,在不同的地震密集区,孕震深度有一定差别,揭示了断裂的深部展布特征,反映了一些地区深部发震构造的复杂性。     

Shake table testing on restoring capability of double concave friction pendulum seismic isolation systems

After an earthquake, non‐negligible residual displacements may affect the serviceability of a base isolated structure, if the isolation system does not possess a good restoring capability. The permanent offset does not affect the performance unless the design is problematic for utilities, also considering possible concerns related to the maintenance of the devices. Starting from experimental and analytical results of previous studies, the restoring capability of Double Concave Friction Pendulum bearings is investigated in this paper. A simplified design suggestion for the estimation of maximum expected residual displacements for currently used friction pendulum systems is then validated. The study is based on controlled‐displacement and seismic input experiments, both performed under unidirectional motion. Several shaking table tests have been carried out on a three‐dimensional isolated specimen structure. The same sequence of seismic inputs was applied considering three different conditions of sliding surfaces corresponding to low, medium and high friction. The accumulation of residual displacements is also investigated by means of nonlinear dynamic analysis. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

RELOCATIONS AND FOCAL MECHANISM SOLOTIONS OF MS5.5 QIANGUO EARTHQUAKE SWARM IN JILIN PROVINCE IN 2013

We relocated a seismic swarm, which started in a mass from 31 October, 2013 in Qianguo County of Jilin Province, by using double difference location method, based on the phase data of regional digital seismic network and the crustal velocity model of Sunliao Basin. The characteristics of seismogenic fault have been investigated based on the spatial distribution image of the seismic swarm and the geophysical data near the epicenter area. The relocated epicenters of the swarm earthquakes have a precision of 0.9km in E-W, 0.7km in N-S and 1.2km in U-D direction, and show an apparent concentrated seismic belt trending N-W, with a length and width of 12km and 6km, respectively. The source depths of all events are shallow, with 80%in a range of 6~8km, and the events are apparently crowded together on the depth cross section. According to the relocated spatial distribution characteristics of the seismic swarm, the features that the medium size events happened successively, and the focal mechanism of the large size events in the swarm, we infer that the seismogenic tectonics of Qianguo seismic swarm is the thrust nappe structure inside the Keshan-Da'an fault zone. The fault plane inclines to the East direction, and is steep when close to the ground surface, which shows the typical characteristics of a listric thrust fault. The longitudinal length of the rupture plane is greater than the transverse length. According to the features of seismogenic tectonics, we infer that the three M_S ≥ 5.0 earthquakes occurred at the lower layer of the thrust rupture surface of the fault, while the aftershocks were triggered by the three events and occurred mainly at the upper layer of the rupture surface.