利用Leberl模型进行机载SAR图像的立体定位

随着微波遥感技术逐步走向实用化，雷达摄影测量技术研究也越来越受到重视。从SAR图像的成像特点出发，研究了Leberl雷达构像模型的描述和解算过程．实现雷达影像立体定位的理论和方法。并通过实验加以证实。     

Gaussian反对称小波与SAR影像目标特征提取

由于遥感影像中目标尺度的不确定性 ,使得在目标特征提取和检测前难以事先确定最佳尺度以适应影像空间不同尺度目标的识别与检测 ,给遥感影像自动识别与全自动数字摄影测量带来了极大困难。为了解决遥感影像中不同尺度目标的探测问题 ,提出基于一般高斯核构造一类Gaussian反对称小波并给出相应二维小波变换的快速算法 ,弥补了MallatGaussian小波 (σ =1)在解决遥感影像空间不同尺度目标检测中的不足。对于影像中不同尺度的目标特征探测 ,通过在Gaussian核函数中选择适当的参数σ值 ,得到相应的反对称小波空间滤波器响应系数 ,用于解决不同目标的检测问题。分别给出了有关Gaussian反对称小波的 5组空间滤波器响应系数 ,对于研究遥感影像目标兴趣算子和多源遥感影像特征检测尤为重要。由于SAR影像中“speckles”是一乘性噪声 ,文中先对原SAR影像进行对数变换得到一同态影像。基于小波变换的软域值斑点噪声抑制既在一定程度上抑制斑点噪声又保持影像细节信息。通过对两SAR影像检测实验 ,表明给出的Gaussian反对称小波类在遥感影像特征检测中效果极佳。遥感影像中同时存在阶跃型和屋脊型边缘 ,可以采用反对称小波的极大模或过零点检测提取影像边缘特征 ,但得到的结果存在局部位置偏差。这一结论对于今后研究     

An Incremental LOD Method Based on Grid and Its Application in Distributed Terrain Visualization

Incremental LOD can be transmitted on the network as a stream, then users on the clients can easily catch the skeleton of terrain without downloading all the data from the server. Detailed information in a local part can be added gradually when users zoom it in without redundant data transmission in this procedure .To do this, an incremental LOD method is put forward according to the regular arrangement of grid. This method applies arbitrary sized grid terrains and is not restricted to square ones with a side measuring 2^k 1 samples. Maximum height errors are recorded when the LOD is preprocessed and it can be visualized with the geometrical Mipmaps to reduce the screen error.     

星载GPS地球静止轨道卫星自主定轨的新算法

针对地球静止轨道卫星的特点，提出了一种自主定轨的新算法——积分滤波算法，即利用Kalman滤波进行动力学模型数值积分与GPS定轨的有效融合。讨论了该算法的基本过程及其中Kalman滤波的数学模型和重要参数。最后给出了仿真实验过程和结果，证明了该算法的可行性。     

基于Web服务的分布式WebGIS设计与应用

分布式W ebGIS是目前GIS领域研究的重点,对于实现空间信息共享和GIS互操作具有重要的意义。传统上,用于构建分布式W ebGIS的分布式对象技术主要有对象管理集团(OMG)的COBRA、微软的COM/DCOM和Sun的J2EE/EJB。然而,由于这些分布式对象技术往往要求服务使用者和提供者之间必须进行紧密耦合,因此无法适应基于Internet计算要求的松散性。鉴于以上不足,这里提出了一种基于W eb服务构建分布式W ebGIS的新方法,并设计出了基于W eb服务的分布式W ebGIS系统结构框架。论文结合应用研究项目,示例了基于.NET平台实现分布式W ebGIS应用系统的过程。实践证明,基于W eb服务建立的分布式W ebGIS系统具有稳定性、可扩展性和部署灵活等优点。     

The representation of geoscience information for data integration

In mineral exploration, resource assessment, or natural hazard assessment, many layers of geoscience maps such as lithology, structure, geophysics, geochemistry, hydrology, slope stability, mineral deposits, and preprocessed remotely sensed data can be used as evidence to delineate potential areas for further investigation. Today's PC-based data base management systems, statistical packages, spreadsheets, image processing systems, and geographical information systems provide almost unlimited capabilities of manipulating data. Generally such manipulations make a strategic separation of spatial and nonspatial attributes, which are conveniently linked in relational data bases. The first step in integration procedures usually consists of studying the individual charateristics of map features and interrelationships, and then representing them in numerical form (statistics) for finding the areas of high potential (or impact).Data representation is a transformation of our experience of the real world into a computational domain. As such, it must comply with models and rules to provide us with useful information. Quantitative representation of spatially distributed map patterns or phenomena plays a pivotal role in integration because it also determines the types of combination rules applied to them.Three representation methods—probability measures, Dempster-Shafer belief functions, and membership functions in fuzzy sets—and their corresponding estimation procedures are presented here with analyses of the implications and of the assumptions that are required in each approach to thematic mapping. Difficulties associated with the construction of probability measures, belief functions, and membership functions are also discussed; alternative procedures to overcome these difficulties are proposed. These proposed techniques are illustrated by using a simple, artificially constructed data set.     

Ad hoc网络分布式定位算法

近年来，Ad hoe网络的定位技术得到了迅猛的发展，使定位成为了网络中各节点必不可少的重要能力之一，而各式算法的相继出现，更是大大加快了分布式定位技术的发展。介绍了Ad hoc网分布式定位技术的发展情况、基本原理和目前几种主流的算法，针对其中基于距离矢量的三种算法（基于跳数、基于节点间实测距离和欧基里德算法）作了详细的分析和比较，最后用OPNET进行仿真分析并验证了其良好的性能。     

分布式空间数据存储对象

针对地理空间数据的地域性和日益突出的数据量快速增长特性，提出了分布式空间数据存储对象概念。介绍了基于分布式空间数据存储对象来实现一种高性能、可伸缩、跨平台共事的大规模海量空间数据存储管理机制，为分布式GIS数据存储提供了一种新的思路。     

多通道SAR影像中道路的探测

提出了一种探测多通道SAR影像中道路的新方案。首先阐述了从边缘探测器中建构线状探测器。然后,介绍了应用到SAR影像中的多参数统计假设检验方法。利用传统的亮线提取过程对初期结果进行了矢量化。实验表明:该方法应用到全极化SAR影像中的道路的提取中效果较好。     

Joint analysis of SAR interferometry and electrical resistivity tomography surveys for investigating ground deformation: the case-study of Satriano di Lucania (Potenza, Italy)

We have jointly applied microwave remote sensing imaging and ground-based geophysical methodologies for investigating ground deformation. In particular, the Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) technique referred to as Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) algorithm and the Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method have been applied. The former is a tool for investigating large areas, allowing us to detect deformation phenomena and to analyse their spatial patterns and temporal evolution; the latter permits us to reconstruct, with high spatial resolution, the geometry of near-surface geological structures and to estimate the electrical resistivity of outcropping terrains. The starting point of our analysis has been a DInSAR survey carried out on an area of about 400 km² centred around the town of Potenza (Basilicata region, Italy), for which SAR data acquired by the ERS-1/2 sensors in the time interval 1992–2000 were available. The DInSAR analysis allowed us to detect an unknown ground deformation effect which involves the urban area of Satriano di Lucania, located close to Potenza. An on-site ERT survey was then carried out in order to characterize in detail the physical properties of the terrains involved in the main deformation pattern detected via the DInSAR processing. The integration of the DInSAR and ERT measurements permitted us to investigate areas where the deformation have space-variant characteristics and allowed us to formulate a hypothesis on the origin of the detected displacement processes that, although not fully conclusive, is consistent with the overall DInSAR and ERT analysis.