基于高分辨率SAR图像成像机理的震害信息分析

与中低分辨率SAR图像相比,高分辨率SAR图像受目标复杂性和成像噪声等因素的干扰更为严重,致使应用高分辨率SAR图像检测震害目标变得更加困难.传统的适用于中低分辨率SAR图像的震害信息提取方法对于高分辨率SAR图像有一定的局限性.为了从高分辨率SAR图像中更加准确地提取震害信息,从SAR图像成像机理和目标的后向散射特征出发,对建筑物和道路、桥梁的震害特征进行了细致分析,为寻求合适的目标检测和提取方法提供了思路.     

基于层次任务网络规划的分布式协同地理建模任务分解方法研究

为了有效地实现分布式协同地理建模中的合作规划和资源共享,通过分析分布式协同地理建模中任务分解过程,探讨地理建模任务的功能结构、计算复杂性、组织多方性和时空尺度等分解依据,采用层次任务网络(HTN)规划形式化表达地理建模任务,设计了基于顺序任务分解(OTD)的地理建模任务的递归分解算法,模拟领域专家寻求合作规划地理建模任务的思考方式。以分布式流域水文模型SWAT作为试验案例,开发并实现了地理建模任务HTN规划器,为分布式协同地理建模环境中的任务分解方法提供了新的思路。     

面向异构空间区域分片的3RM缝隙处理模型

针对分布式环境下区域分片片段间的各种原始缝隙,提出一种3RM(Three Relational Matrix)缝隙处理模型。该模型采用两阶段流程,第1步划分空间计算单元,对区域分片边界处的要素进行聚类分组;第2步对各个空间计算单元进行缝隙处理。模型研究区域分片边界处缝隙的描述和区分方法,依据要素拓扑关系、属性关系以及精度3种关系建立了3RM缝隙处理矩阵,发现线状和面状要素在分片数据边界处的38种潜在的缝隙,并建立了相应的缝隙处理方法。运用3RM模型对异构的土地利用分片数据进行缝隙处理试验,试验结果表明,本文提出的缝隙处理模型能够有效处理实际分片数据当中的各种缝隙。     

复杂地区机载SAR数据获取航线规划

本文主要论述机载SAR数据获取航线规划,提出了适合于地形复杂地区机载SAR航摄的航线规划方案。详细说明了航线设计方法,并引入低分辨率的DEM数据,对航线规划结果进行了模拟;最后对机载合成孔径雷达航摄进行三维模拟,以期更好地显示并检验航线规划结果。     

Potentiality of feed-forward neural networks for classifying dark formations to oil spills and look-alikes

Radar backscatter values from oil spills are very similar to backscatter values from very calm sea areas and other ocean phenomena. Several studies aiming at oil spill detection have been conducted. Most of these studies rely on the detection of dark areas, which have high Bayesian probability of being oil spills. The drawback of these methods is a complex process, mainly because non-linearly separable datasets are introduced in statistically based decisions. The use of neural networks (NNs) in remote sensing has increased significantly, as NNs can simultaneously handle non-linear data of a multidimensional input space. In this article, we investigate the ability of two commonly used feed-forward NN models: multilayer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF) networks, to classify dark formations in oil spills and look-alike phenomena. The appropriate training algorithm, type and architecture of the optimum network are subjects of research. Inputs to the networks are the original synthetic aperture radar image and other images derived from it. MLP networks are recognized as more suitable for oil spill detection.     

From historical map to online 3D recreation: the 1861 cadastral map of Horta (Barcelona)

The recent study and classification of over 200 cadastral maps created in the nineteenth century in Catalonia have provided a valuable source of information about the agricultural landscape country’s past, but by linking them with data recorded in tax books known as amillaramientos, it is possible to gain a better knowledge of the past. By applying this method to the 1861 cadastral map of Horta and its corresponding amillaramiento, a planimetric map showing the land use distribution in the town was created. The resulting land use map was subsequently overlaid on top of a digital elevation model to create 3D visualizations which show the altitudinal distribution of crops and other features. Finally, the article explores a way of distributing the results online, making them accessible to the public and increasing the research impact of future findings. Therefore, the method described in this article allows the systematic recreation and distribution of past landscapes by using Catalan cadastral maps of the nineteenth century, something which can help enrich the scientific knowledge of many disciplines.     

A multi-level segmentation methodology for dual-polarized SAR data

An innovative methodology for dual-polarized Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data segmentation is proposed. The methodology is based on the thresholding of the 1D-histograms of the two images produced by the dual polarimetric bands. Thresholding of the histograms is performed using a nonparametric algorithm. Histograms after thresholding are combined together in a two dimensional histogram-based space in order to define sub-spaces, which are used for image segmentation. Sub-spaces are further divided based on two criteria which lead to a multi-level segmentation approach. Dual-polarized TerraSAR-X data, both HH and VV, are used in a study area located in the southwestern United Kingdom.     

提高无控制点星载SAR影像的定位精度研究

针对无控制点情况下星载SAR地面目标高精度定位问题,提出在整个成像条带中任选一景SAR影像,并基于全球DEM数据生成模拟的SAR影像,然后通过自动或半自动匹配方式寻找一个控制点,修正整个条带的轨道参数,从而消除了系统误差的影响,提高了整个SAR条带影像的定位精度。     

基于ESPRIT算法的极化干涉SAR植被高度反演研究

由于存在着去相干分量,利用ESPRIT(旋转不变技术)算法对植被区域的极化干涉SAR(PollnSAR)数据进行反演的结果有较严重偏差.针对这一问题,结合极化干涉相干最优理论及其物理散射机制,引入新的散射矢量——相干最优化散射矢量,提出一种改进的基于ESPRIT的植被高度反算法.最后,利用欧空局(ESA)提供的模拟L波...     

基于非下采样Contourlet变换的极化SAR图像融合与去噪

针对非下采样Contourlet变换(NSCT)在处理噪声影像中具有的优势,以及同极化SAR图像(HH、VV)之间的相关性与互补性,本文实验了一种基于非下采样Contourlet变换的极化图像融合方法。该方法首先对每个极化图像进行多尺度、多方向分解,然后对不同分解子带系数分别采用有利于斑点噪声去除和信息增强的融合规则进行融合,最终通过NSCT反变换得到融合图像。通过信息熵、相关系数以及等效视数等指标的评价,验证了该方法可以有效地实现信息增强,同时该方法也在一定程度上降低了斑点噪声的负面影响。