西部煤炭资源调查评价中遥感技术的应用

通过西部煤炭资源勘查对遥感技术的需求以及煤田地质体的可解译性、遥感技术的实际应用效果分析,论述了西部煤炭资源调查评价中遥感技术的重要作用,提出了今后遥感技术的应用建议.     

煤田勘查超千米深孔快速钻进技术探讨

针对目前国内煤田勘查主要机具及工艺技术方法存在的主要问题,结合煤田勘查地层地质条件和超千米深孔施工要求,研制了液压立轴式HTJ-2000型钻机和新型绳索取心钻具,并就配套设备选型、钻进工艺、钻进参数、泥浆指标及应用效果进行了阐述.该项技术的应用,已明显提高了钻效,使钻孔深度达到1 350m.     

GPS RTK技术及其在管线勘控中的应用

针对GPS RTK技术应用中的工作条件、数据链传输、误差特性及质量控制等问题,结合管线勘控测量的作业特点,提出了提高RTK作业精度若干方法.     

冬小麦夏玉米土壤水分预报及优化灌溉模型

利用土壤水分平衡方程，结合河南省冬小麦和夏玉米的生长规律和1994～2000年冬小麦、夏玉米田实测土壤湿度资料，建立了河南省冬小麦、夏玉米土壤水分预报及优化灌溉的计算机模型。用1998～1999年郑州市麦田实测土壤湿度资料验证该模型模拟结果，未来10、20、30天土壤湿度相对误差分别为-7．3％～7．7％、-8．3％～6．8％、-7．6％～7．7％，表明利用该模型，可以较为准确地预报未来1个月的土壤水分变化，并可根据小麦、玉米不同发育期特点，给出以最高产量和最佳经济效益为目标的灌溉建议。     

A response‐based decoupling criterion for multiply‐supported secondary systems

It is often infeasible to carry out coupled analyses of multiply‐supported secondary systems for earthquake excitations. ‘Approximate’ decoupled analyses are then resorted to, unless the response errors due to those are significantly high. This study proposes a decoupling criterion to identify such cases where these errors are likely to be larger than an acceptable level. The proposed criterion is based on the errors in the primary system response due to decoupling and has been obtained by assuming (i) the input excitation to be an ideal white noise process, (ii) cross‐modal correlation to be negligible, and (iii) the combined system to be classically damped. It uses the modal properties of the undamped combined system, and therefore, a perturbation approach has been formulated to determine the combined system properties in case of light to moderately heavy secondary systems. A numerical study has been carried out to illustrate the accuracy achieved with the proposed perturbation formulation. The proposed decoupling criterion has been validated with the help of two example primary‐secondary systems and four example excitation processes. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

EFG法在土体固结中的应用

EFGM作为一种新的数值计算方法，具有只需节点信息而无段单元的特性，故在解固结方程方面有很大的优势。在计算分析中，此法容易构造固结方程的EFGM刚度矩阵和处理不同边界条件。对单面排水等条件的计算结果表明，EFGM在解决固结变形问题上，精度较高，处理边界准确。     

Interpretation of single-well tracer tests using fractional-flow dimensions. Part 1: Theory and mathematical models

Generalized equations using fractional-flow dimensions were derived to estimate the Darcy and seepage velocities obtained from the point-dilution and the single-well injection-withdrawal field tests conducted in fractured-rock aquifers. Seepage velocities can only be estimated from single-well tests if the hydraulic conductivity and the hydraulic gradient are known a priori. However, if a radial-convergent test is also performed between two boreholes, the kinematic porosity can be estimated and be used to estimate the seepage velocity from the single-well test results. To apply the generalized equations, the flow dimension and the extent of the flow region must be known. Therefore, the generalized radial flow (GRF) model of Barker (1988; a generalized radial flow model for hydraulic tests in fractured rock. Water Resour Res 24(10):1796–1804) is used to estimate the flow dimension because of its wide range of applications. A pumping test performed on the boreholes will yield an estimate of the fractional-flow dimension by applying the GRF model. Electronic Publication     

Propriétés fractales de la fragmentation et processus stochastiques de fracturation : approche géométrique 3D à l'aide du modèle ObsifracFractal properties of fragmentation and stochastic fracturing processes: geometrical 3D approach by OBSIFRAC model

A numerical rock fragmentation model was elaborated, producing a 3D puzzle of convex polyhedra, geometrically described in a database. In the first scenario, a constant proportion of blocks are fragmented at each step of the process and leads to fractal distribution. In the second scenario, division affects one random block at each stage of the process, and produces a Weibull volume distribution law. Imposing a minimal distance between the fractures, the third scenario reveals a power law. The inhibition of new fractures in the neighbourhood of existing discontinuities could be responsible for fractal properties in rock mass fragmentation. To cite this article: L. Empereur-Mot, T. Villemin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 127–133.     

基于ODBC的地震前兆数据批量卸出与转换程序的实现

介绍了CDBC技术、工作流程及数据传递方式；分析了研制数据卸出与转换程序的关键技术及实现方法；描述了程序的组织结构。通过实例说明了该程序在全国前兆台网中心卸载与转换地震前兆数字化的观测数据中的应用。     

福建漳州、华安、龙岩地区地震时间分布结构信息维的特征

岩石破裂实验，地球岩石层断裂构造运动，地震孕育、发生和发展过程等研究表明，地震活动的时间、空间和强度分布特征具有分形结构。作为一种分维理论的应用，本文利用厦门数字化地震遥测台网的数据，采用信息的分析方法，对福建省的地震多发区-漳州、华安、龙岩地区的地震活动进行了分析和研究，讨论了信息维随时间变化的特征。