泡塑吸附-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定矿石中的金

试样在650℃烧制、王水溶解、泡塑振荡吸附、硫脲解脱,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定矿石中的金量,克服了原子吸收光谱法对低含量金测定稳定性和精密度差、对高含量金测定分取误差大和返工率高等不足,缩短了分析时间。方法经国家一级标准物质分析验证,结果与标准值相符。对二级标准物质测定的方法精密度(RSD,n=12)为6.45%。方法检出限为0.138μg/g,线性范围宽,适用于矿石中0.2μg/g以上金的测定。     

Primary reasoning behind the double ITCZ phenomenon in a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model

This paper investigates the processes behind the double ITCZ phenomenon, a common problem in Coupled ocean-atmosphere General Circulation Models (CGCMs), using a CGCM-FGCM-0 (Flexible General Circulation Model, version 0). The double ITCZ mode develops rapidly during the first two years of the integration and becomes a perennial phenomenon afterwards in the model. By way of Singular ValueDecomposition (SVD) for SST, sea surface pressure, and sea surface wind, some air-sea interactions are analyzed. These interactions prompt the anomalous signals that appear at the beginning of the coupling to develop rapidly. There are two possible reasons, proved by sensitivity experiments: (1) the overestimatedeast-west gradient of SST in the equatorial Pacific in the ocean spin-up process, and (2) the underestimatedamount of low-level stratus over the Peruvian coast in CCM3 (the Community Climate Model, VersionThree). The overestimated east-west gradient of SST brings the anomalous equatorial easterly. The anomalous easterly, affected by the Coriolis force in the Southern Hemisphere, turns into an anomalouswesterly in a broad area south of the equator and is enhanced by atmospheric anomalous circulationdue to the underestimated amount of low-level stratus over the Peruvian coast simulated by CCM3. Theanomalous westerly leads to anomalous warm advection that makes the SST warm in the southeast Pacific.The double ITCZ phenomenon in the CGCM is a result of a series of nonlocal and nonlinear adjustmentprocesses in the coupled system, which can be traced to the uncoupled models, oceanic component, andatmospheric component. The zonal gradient of the equatorial SST is too large in the ocean componentand the amount of low-level stratus over the Peruvian coast is too low in the atmosphere component.     

Development of the universal and simplified soil model coupling heat and water transport

It is very important to develop a universal soil model with higher simplicity and more accuracy, which can be widely applied to very general cases such as wet or dry soil, frozen or unfrozen soil and homogeneous or heterogeneous soil. Firstly in this study, based on analysis of both magnitude order and the numerical simulation results, the universal and simplified soil model (USSM) coupling heat and mass transport processes is developed. Secondly, in order to avoid the greater uncertainty caused by the phase change term in numerical iteration process for the model solution obtaining, new version of the universal simplified soil model (NUSSM) is further derived through variables transformation, and accordingly a more efficient numerical scheme for the new version is designed well. The simulation results from the NUSSM agree with the results from more complicated and accurate soil model very well, also reasonably reproduce the observed data under widely real conditions. The new version model, because of its simplicity, will match for the development of land surface model.     

内蒙古中西部春季沙尘暴年代际振荡及环流特征分析

利用内蒙古中西部50个气象观测站1961—2000年春季沙尘暴日数资料,国家气候中心提供的北半球月平均500 hPa高度场网格尺度为10°(经度)×5°(纬度)的网格点资料、北半球500 hPa月平均环流特征量资料、东亚季风资料分析研究冬春季中高纬度大气环流的年代际尺度的演变特征及其对内蒙古中西部沙尘暴的影响,进一步揭示内蒙古中西部春季沙尘暴年代际变化的原因。结果表明：青藏高原位势高度、贝加尔湖地区位势高度、乌拉尔山地区位势高度、东亚冬季风、亚州经向环流、印缅槽、西太平洋副热带高压强度都对内蒙古中西部春季沙尘暴年代际振荡产生不同的影响。为内蒙古中西部春季沙尘暴的短期气候预测提供年代际尺度上的基本环流背景。     

用简单海气耦合模式研究西太平洋暖池的形成机制及其对大气扰动的影响——Ⅱ.西太平洋暖池的形成过程及其对大气扰动的影响的数值模拟(英文)

用第一部分建立的简单海气耦合模式,研究了西太平洋暖池的形成过程及其对大气扰动的影响。模式可以较好地模拟出热带太平洋海温“西高东低”的分布,以及“暖池”附近ＳＳＴ的水平梯度较小等特征。在垂直方向上海洋混合层深度关于赤道呈准对称的“马鞍”型分布特征也可以从理论上和数值模拟的结果中得到证实。模式中“暖池”形成的时间尺度大约为半年多,大气中凝结潜热的释放有利于“暖池”的快速形成,提高凝结潜热的释放的效率,“暖池”形成的时间就缩短。“暖池”形成的动力学机制是海气耦合系统中海洋Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波振幅的不稳定增长所致。“暖池”区海气之间的耦合作用确实对热带大气的季节内振荡产生影响。当海气之间进行耦合作用时,可以模拟得到扰动传播的周期大约为５０多天（ｄ）,与实际观测相吻合。提高海气之间的耦合强度会降低扰动的传播速度,使传播周期明显加大。当不考虑海气之间的耦合作用时,模拟得到的扰动传播周期明显地比用耦合模式得到的要小。     

近100年全球温度场中的年代际振荡

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电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定碳酸盐岩石中19个元素

使用ＪＹ７０Ｐ 电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪,分别考察了一些主要基体对待测元素的各种干扰。综合各种干扰因素,采用干扰系数校正法消除综合干扰,拟定了适用于包括碳酸盐岩石的区域化探样品中１９ 个元素的电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱同时测定方法。１９ 个元素的测定限在０ ．２０ ～８ ．０ μｇ／ｇ 。对碳酸盐岩石国家一级标准物质ＧＢＷ０７１０８ 进行检测,各元素的结果与标准值吻合,相对标准偏差（ｎ ＝ １１） 在１ ．２ ％ ～５ ．３ ％ 。     

新型氢化物发生技术—可移动还原床氢化物发生器：Ⅱ.干扰及其应用

新型的氢化物发生技术－可移动还原床氢化物发生器可以实现微升级样品的测定而不需要对样品进行酸化和使用气－液分离器。应用ＭＲＢＨＧ－电感耦合等离子体发射光谱取得了同等质量的而不同形态的Ａｓ,Ｓｅ的相同信号强度,证明了在ＭＲＢＨＧ体系中氢化物元素之间的干扰得到消除,方法用于合金钢,富硒茶叶等实际样品的测定,标准加入的回收率在９３％－１１４％。     

南沙与暖池海域SST的长期振荡及其耦合过程

利用多项式函数分析了南沙和暖池海温的长期变化,发现两海域的海面温度（ＳＳＴ）１９３４－１９８９年５６年来有明显地增温趋势,并且存在着ＳＳＴ变化的周期的突变现象,根据交叉谱分析特征,两海区ＳＳＴ之间存在不同频率的耦合振荡,可分为两种主要类型,周期约为１６．６年的同相低频耦合振荡和周期约为２年的反应相耦合振荡。     

热带海洋SST与北半球大气环流的低频振荡特征

采用复经验正交函数展开（ＣＥＯＦ）等方法研究了热带海洋海表温度异常（ＳＳＴＡ）和北半球５００ｈＰａ高度场异常（Ｈ５００）的甚低频（ＬＦ）和准两年（ＱＢ）两种低频振荡空间振幅和位相变化,发现ＳＳＴＡ变化信号在热带西太平洋最先出现,其后是热带中东太平洋,最后是热带中东太平洋,最后是热带印度洋和南海。副热带中西太平洋Ｈ５００滞后于中东太平洋ＳＳＴＡ １￣２月,Ｈ５００的ＬＦ分量从副热带中西太平洋经西北太