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71.
This article derives the closed‐form solutions for estimating the vertical surface displacements of cross‐anisotropic media due to various loading types of batter piles. The loading types include an embedded point load for an end‐bearing pile, uniform skin friction, and linear variation of skin friction for a friction pile. The planes of cross‐anisotropy are assumed to be parallel to the horizontal ground surface. The proposed solutions are never mentioned in literature and can be developed from Wang and Liao's solutions for a horizontal and vertical point load embedded in the cross‐anisotropic half‐space. The present solutions are identical with Wang's solutions when batter angle equals to 0°. In addition, the solutions indicate that the surface displacements in cross‐anisotropic media are influenced by the type and degree of material anisotropy, angle of inclination, and loading types. An illustrative example is given at the end of this article to investigate the effect of the type and degree of soil anisotropy (E/E′, G′/E′, and ν/ν′), pile inclination (α), and different loading types (a point load, a uniform skin friction, and a linear variation of skin friction) on vertical surface displacements. Results show that the displacements accounted for pile batter are quite different from those estimated from plumb piles, both driven in cross‐anisotropic media. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
72.
由于地形的原因,太行山高海拔区气候比同纬度的平原区冷凉,在太行山冷凉区域内建立了若于气象观测站,于每日的8:00、14:00、20:00观测气温、地面温度、地温(5cm、10cm、15cm、20cm)。基于对所采集的气象数据的分析。对实验区内一些传统的农作物种植制度、种植结构、作物品种进行了调整和改革。通过3a的实验和推广,当地农民得到了实惠增加了收益。研究表明。在太行山冷凉区域进行农作物种植制度的调整应主要从以下三方面着手:一是采用新品种;二是改变传统的早播习惯,使作物生理特点与气候变化规律相适应,主要是错过低温和干旱危害;三是开展问作。 相似文献
73.
74.
6月份,浙西地区有1/5的大到暴雨过程出现在700hPa上武汉和长沙一带为偏北风的形势下。该文提出了其中主要的稳定切变形势的定量描述因子及其降水量级的预报方法。 相似文献
75.
76.
ZHU Jie ZHANG Xiumei and GAO Tianxiang Fisheries College Ocean University of China Qingdao P.R.China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(2)
Histological development of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus larval skin and ultrastructural difference of skin between reared normal and malpigmented Japanese flounder were studied with light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the skin develops slowly before the metamorphosis, while at the onset of metamorphosis, the skin develops quickly and becomes complete in structure till about 50d after being hatched. Ultrastructural observation on the normal and malpigmented skins shows that the iridophore and melanophore are adjacent to each other. Profile and structure of the two kinds of pigment cells are more complete in the skin of normal ocular side than in the skin of pigmented blind side. The ultrastructure of typical chloride cell was observed in the skin of Japanese flounder larvae for the first time. 相似文献
77.
几种鱼皮胶原蛋白的理化特性及其影响因素 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
利用水产加工废弃物研究了鳙鱼、鲈鱼、鲫鱼鱼皮胶原蛋白的氨基酸组成、粘度、凝胶强度、热变性温度(Td)等理化特性及其影响因素。结果表明,在0.1mol/L的乙酸溶液中鱼皮胶原蛋白溶液的粘度随着胶原蛋白浓度的增大而增大,随着温度的升高而下降。热水法提取鳙鱼、鲈鱼、鲫鱼鱼皮胶原蛋白的热变性温度分别为30℃,25℃,27℃。鱼皮胶原蛋白的凝胶强度则随着粘度、温度、pH值、外加介质等的变化而变化。 相似文献
78.
Omri Gadol Gideon Tibor Uri ten Brink John K. Hall Gavrielle Groves-Gidney Gideon Bar-Am Christian Hübscher Yizhaq Makovsky 《Basin Research》2020,32(5):1156-1183
Understanding continental-slope morphological evolution is essential for predicting basin deposition. However, separating the imprints and chronology of different seafloor shaping processes is difficult. This study explores the utility of bathymetric spectral decomposition for separating and characterizing the variety of interleaved seafloor imprints of mass wasting, and clarifying their role in the morphological evolution of the southeastern Mediterranean Sea passive-margin slope. Bathymetric spectral decomposition, integrated with interpretation of seismic profiles, highlights the long-term shape of the slope and separates the observed mass transport elements into several genetic groups: (1) a series of ~25 km wide, now-buried slide scars and lobes; (2) slope-parallel bathymetric scarps representing shallow faults; (3) slope-perpendicular, open slope slide scars; (4) bathymetric roughness representing debris lobes; (5) slope-confined gullies. Our results provide a multi-scale view of the interplay between sediment transport, mass transport and shallow faulting in the evolution of the slope morphology. The base of the slope and focused disturbances are controlled by ~1 km deep salt retreat, and mimic the Messinian base of slope. The top of the open-slope is delimited by faults, accommodating internal collapse of the margin. The now-buried slides were slope-confined and presumably cohesive, and mostly nucleated along the upper-slope faults. Sediment accumulations, infilling the now-buried scars, generated more recent open-slope slides. These latter slides transported ~10 km3 of sediments, depositing a significant fraction (~3 m in average) of the sediments along the base of the studied slope during the past < 50 ka. South to north decrease in the volume of the open-slope slides highlight their role in counterbalancing the northwards diminishing sediment supply and helping to maintain a long-term steady-state bathymetric profile. The latest phase slope-confined gullies were presumably created by channelling of bottom currents into slide-scar depressions, possibly establishing incipient canyon headword erosion. 相似文献
79.
Cultured Apostichopusjaponicus in China suffers from a kind of skin ulceration disease that has caused severe economic loss in recent years. The disease, pathogens of which are supposed to be bacteria by most researchers, is highly infectious and can often cause all individuals in the same culture pool to die in a very short time. The 16S rRNA gene phylogenesis of the culturable bacteria from the lesions of diseased individuals was conducted to study the biodiversity of the bacterial communities in the lesions and to identify probable pathogen(s) associated with this kind of disease. S. japonica samples were selected from a hatchery located in the eastern part of Qingdao, China. Bacterial universal primers GM5F and DS907R were used to amplify the 16S rRNA gene of bacteria colonies, and touchdown PCR was performed to amplify the target sequences. The results suggest that γ- proteobacteria (Alteromonadales and Vibrionales) of CFB group, many strains of which have been also determined as pathogens in other marine species, are the predominant bacterial genera of the diseased Apostichopusjaponicus individuals. 相似文献
80.
Cultured Apostichopus japonicus in China suffers from a kind of skin ulceration disease that has caused severe economic loss in recent years. The disease,
pathogens of which are supposed to be bacteria by most researchers, is highly infectious and can often cause all individuals
in the same culture pool to die in a very short time. The 16S rRNA gene phylogenesis of the culturable bacteria from the lesions
of diseased individuals was conducted to study the biodiversity of the bacterial communities in the lesions and to identify
probable pathogen(s) associated with this kind of disease. S. japonica samples were selected from a hatchery located in the eastern part of Qingdao, China. Bacterial universal primers GM5F and
DS907R were used to amplify the 16S rRNA gene of bacteria colonies, and touchdown PCR was performed to amplify the target
sequences. The results suggest that γ- proteobacteria (Alteromonadales and Vibrionales) of CFB group, many strains of which have been also determined as pathogens in other marine
species, are the predominant bacterial genera of the diseased Apostichopus japonicus individuals. 相似文献