Evidence for solar forcing of climate variation from δ18O of peat cellulose

There have been a number of investigations for examining the possible link between long-term climate variability and solar activity. A continuous δ¹⁸O record of peat cellulose covering the past 6 000 years and the response of climate variation inferred from the proxy record to solar forcing are reported. Results show that during the past 5 000 years the abrupt climate variations, including 17 warming and 17 cooling, and a serious of periodicities, such as 86, 101, 110, 127, 132, 140, 155, 207, 245, 311, 820 and 1 050 years, are strikingly correlative to the changes of solar irradiation and periodicity. These observations are considered as further evidence for a close relationship between solar activity and climate variations on time scales of decades to centuries.     

测震学中期异常向短临异常演变特征的探讨

以晋、冀、蒙三省交界地区的4次6级左右地震为例,研究了中期异常向短临异常演变的特征.此特征可由地震活动图象异常、地震平静与密集、信号震到加卸载响应比异常、日频次起伏加剧的演变来表征,在时间进程上它们是一个渐进的过程.     

临猗ML5.0级地震前后的重力场变化及预报过程

讨论了气压、地形变、降雨和地下水位变化对重力观测资料的影响,论证了观测资料的可靠程度,在此基础之上结合地质构造,地壳深浅构造等资料,讨论了１９９８年７月１１日临猗地震前后重力场的变化;依据临猗地震前重力场的变化,结合该地区的地震活动性,对这次地震作出了预报。     

Three-dimensional VP and VP /VS models of the upper crust in the Friuli area (northeastern Italy)

3-D images of P velocity and P - to S -velocity ratio have been produced for the upper crust of the Friuli area (northeastern Italy) using local earthquake tomography. The data consist of 2565 P and 930 S arrival times of high quality. The best-fitting V _P and V _P / V _S 1-D models were computed before the 3-D inversion. V _P was measured on two rock samples representative of the investigated upper layers of the Friuli crust. The tomographic V _P model was used for modelling the gravity anomalies, by converting the velocity values into densities along three vertical cross-sections. The computed gravity anomalies were optimized with respect to the observed gravity anomalies. The crust investigated is characterized by sharp lateral and deep V _P and V _P / V _S anomalies that are associated with the complex geological structure. High V _P / V _S values are associated with highly fractured zones related to the main faulting pattern. The relocated seismicity is generally associated with sharp variations in the V _P / V _S anomalies. The V _P images show a high-velocity body below 6 km depth in the central part of the Friuli area, marked also by strong V _P / V _S heterogeneities, and this is interpreted as a tectonic wedge. Comparison with the distribution of earthquakes supports the hypothesis that the tectonic wedge controls most of the seismicity and can be considered to be the main seismogenic zone in the Friuli area.     

100hPa环流变化与川渝地区旱涝异常分析

应用ＳＶＤ技术,诊断分析了北半球１００ｈＰａ高度场与川渝地区夏季降水的关系。结果表明：高度场与降水场具有密切的时空相关性,第一模态反映了两场间的主要耦合特征;南亚高压活动地区前期１０～１２月、１～４月高度场变化,通过影响未来夏季南亚高压强度、位置,导致川渝地区夏季旱涝异常。高度场与降水场的这种非同步联系,物理意义明确,时空相关显著,是一种有价值的预测川渝地区夏季旱涝异常的强信号。     

UV-B辐射增强对泥鳅红细胞遗传毒理学指标的影响研究

利用红细胞微核和核异常的遗传毒理学方法,研究UV-B辐射增强对泥鳅红细胞核的细胞遗传毒性效应,评价2种毒理学指标在UV-B辐射监测应用中的可行性。结果显示,随着UV-B辐射剂量的加大,泥鳅红细胞的微核细胞率持续上升,表现出明显的剂量-效应关系,微核细胞率与辐射剂量显著正相关。而泥鳅红细胞核异常率随着UV-B辐射剂量的加大无规律性的变化,没有表现出剂量-效应关系,核异常率与辐射剂量无相关性。脱离UV-B辐射处理6 d后泥鳅红细胞的微核细胞率不能够恢复正常的对照水平,而核异常细胞率随着时间的延长,逐渐得以恢复。结果指示泥鳅红细胞微核率是用于UV-B辐射监测的灵敏和可行的细胞遗传毒理学指标,而核异常率不能用于UV-B辐射的监测。     

1997年华南汛期降水异常与大气低频振荡的关系

利用国家气象中心提供的逐日降水资料及NCEP逐日再分析资料,分析了1997年华南地区汛期异常降水低频特征与大气低频振荡的关系。研究表明,1997年华南前汛期和后汛期降水表现为不同的振荡特征;前汛期降水主要以10～20天准双周振荡为主,而后汛期降水的低频特征并不明显。进一步对降水和其它要素的低频振荡特征进行分析发现,该年华南地区前汛期降水和风场的低频振荡现象是普遍存在的;低频纬向风的传播变化与降水的时间分布有较好的对应。并且,高、低纬度低频风场同时向华南地区传输,会产生极强的降水。在对大气低频扰动动能的分析中也发现,华南前汛期降水伴随着低频扰动动能在该地区的集中释放。     

2018年安徽无为ML4.1地震地下流体前兆异常特征

对2018年4月6日无为ML4.1地震前的地下流体前兆异常特征以及该地震的震源机制解进行了分析,结果表明,无为地震前的异常分布在距震中64～233 km范围内,这些异常在时间进程上,可分为中期趋势背景异常和短临异常,主要以中期趋势背景异常为主.这些中期趋势背景异常均表现为水位的破年变变化.从空间演化上看,2018年安徽...     

THE EAST ASIAN SUBTROPICAL SUMMER MONSOON INDEX AND ITS RELATION WITH THE CLIMATE ANOMALIES IN CHINA

A new East Asian subtropical summer monsoon circulation index is defined, where the barotropic and baroclinic components of circulation are included. Results show that this index can well indicate the interannual variability of summer precipitation and temperature anomalies in China. A strong monsoon is characterized by more rainfall in the Yellow River basin and northern China, less rainfall in the Yangtze River basin, and more rainfall in south and southeast China, in association with higher temperature in most areas of China. Furthermore, comparison is made between the index proposed in this paper and other monsoon indexes in representing climate anomalies in China.     

马村站自512井水汞异常分析

2006年7月4日河北省文安县发生了ML5．5级地震,震前震中西南200km的石家庄马村站自512井水汞3月15日～5月15日出现了短期高值异常,6月3日出现了高值突跳异常。本文分析研究了文安地震前水汞的异常变化,以及1999年水汞观测以来的异常变化特征。分析认为,震前小马村水汞的异常变化幅度较大,异常特征明显,前兆意义显著。