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31.
胡翠珍 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2002,25(3):9-11
通过对2001年9月22-23日南疆西北部山区特大暴雨的环流背景、物理量场、卫星云图分析,揭示了这场特大暴雨的物理机制和各要素场特征。 相似文献
32.
Sandro Fuzzi Maria Cristina Facchini Stefano Decesari Emanuela Matta Mihaiela Mircea 《Atmospheric Research》2002,64(1-4)
We have recently set up a new procedure for characterising the water soluble organic compounds (WSOC) in fog water, for which information is still rather limited. Fog samples collected during the 1998–1999 fall–winter season in the Po Valley (Italy) were analysed following this procedure, which allows a quantitative determination of three main classes of organic compounds (neutral species, mono- and di-carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids), together accounting for ca. 85% of the total WSOC. This procedure also provides information on the main chemical characteristics of these three classes of compounds (functional groups, aliphatic vs. aromatic character, etc.). The enhanced chemical knowledge on fog/cloud chemical composition opens new scenarios as far as chemical and microphysical processes in clouds and fogs are concerned. 相似文献
33.
Matthias J. Raab Roderick W. Brown Kerry Gallagher Andrew Carter Klaus Weber 《Tectonophysics》2002,349(1-4)
Namibia's passive continental margin records a long history of tectonic activity since the Proterozoic. The orogenic belt produced during the collision of the Congo and Kalahari Cratons in the Early Proterozoic led to a zone of crustal weakness, which became the preferred location for tectonism during the Phanerozoic. The Pan-African Damara mobile belt forms this intraplate boundary in Namibia and its tectonostratigraphic zones are defined by ductile shear zones, where the most prominent is described as the Omaruru Lineament–Waterberg Thrust (OML–WT). The prominance of the continental margin escarpment is diminished in the area of the Central and Northern Zone of the Damara belt where the shear zones are located. This area has been targeted with a set of 66 outcrop samples over a 550-km-long, 60-km-broad coast-parallel transect from the top of the escarpment in the south across the Damara sector to the Kamanjab Inlier in the north. Apatite fission track age and length data from all samples reveal a regionally consistent cooling event. Thermal histories derived by forward modelling bracket this phase of accelerated cooling in the Late Cretaceous. Maximum palaeotemperatures immediately prior to the onset of cooling range from ca. 120 to ca. 60 °C with the maximum occurring directly south of the Omaruru Lineament. Because different palaeotemperatures indicate different burial depth at a given time, the amount of denudation can be estimated and used to constrain vertical displacements of the continental crust. We interpret this cooling pattern as the geomorphic response to reactivation of basement structures caused by a change in spreading geometry in the South Atlantic and South West Indian Oceans. 相似文献
34.
Velocity profile of a sand cloud blowing over a gravel surface 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Particle dynamic analyzer (PDA) measurement technology was used to study the turbulent characteristics and the variation with height of the mean horizontal (in the downwind direction) and vertical (in the upward direction) particle velocity of a sand cloud blowing over a gravel surface. The results show that the mean horizontal particle velocity of the cloud increases with height, while the mean vertical velocity decreases with height. The variation of the mean horizontal velocity with height is, to some extent, similar to the wind profile that increases logarithmically with height in the turbulent boundary layer. The variation of the mean vertical velocity with height is much more complex than that of the mean horizontal velocity. The increase of the resultant mean velocity with height can be expressed by a modified power function. Particle turbulence in the downwind direction decreases with height, while that in the vertical direction is complex. For fine sands (0.2–0.3 mm and 0.3–0.4 mm), there is a tendency for the particle turbulence to increase with height. In the very near-surface layer (<4 mm), the movement of blown sand particles is very complex due to the rebound of particles on the bed and the interparticle collisions in the air. Wind starts to accelerate particle movement about 4 mm from the surface. The initial rebound on the bed and the interparticle collisions in the air have a profound effect on particle movement below that height, where particle concentration is very high and wind velocity is very low. 相似文献
35.
浊点是非离子表面活性剂的一个特性参数,它是非离子表面活性荆溶液由透明变浑浊,和由浑浊变透明的平均温度。聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚是一种非离子表面活性剂,通过实验测定了有机酸、醇、无机盐、聚合物等添加剂对聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚浊点的影响。结果表明,不加任何添加剂时,聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚的浊点为89℃;添加有机酸时,浊点随浓度升高先下降后上升;添加醇时,碳链短的随浓度升高浊点升高,碳链长的随浓度升高而下降;添加无机钠盐时,浊点随浓度升高而下降;添加聚合物时。浊点超过100℃。 相似文献
36.
非开挖导向钻进实际轨迹的控制设计 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
非开挖导向钻进技术,具有施工速度快、适用范围广等优点,得到了广泛的应用。在实际钻进中,由于钻进在地下的不确定性,影响了导向钻进的顺利进行。到得钻进中当前点的顶角、方位角和孔深,通过均角全距法原理,可以近似地描绘出当前钻孔的空间实际轨迹,并确定钻头的位置。应用这一原理,同时运用VisualBasic语言和AutoCAD绘图工具相结合的方法,编制一套应用程序,可以直接绘制出当前钻孔轨迹,并可实现对钻孔轨迹的调控,从而保证导向钻进的顺利进行。 相似文献
37.
Late Cenozoic deformation subsequence in northeastern margin of Tibet --Detrital AFT records from Linxia Basin 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Two events of Tibet uplifting are revealed by detrital apatite fission track (AFT) age data from Linxia Basin. They occurred at about 14 and 5.4-8.0 MaBP respectively. We interpret the first one to be related to the uplifting of the northern Tibet, which might have resulted from convectively removing the thickened lower lithosphere. The second one is a result of Laji Mountain uplifting. Numerous studies of the Tibetan Plateau suggest that the onset time of the deformation in the northeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau and the time of Tibet attaining to its present elevation is about 8 MaBP. They are approximately coincident with the uplift of Lajishan Mountain. It suggests that the northeastern margin of Tibet propagated northeastwardly to its present site in about 8 MaBP for accommodating the sustained convergence between India-Eurasia plate and for keeping its high elevation. The active block pattern dominating the strong earthquake distribution of Chinese continent probably formed at about 8.0-5.4 MaBP. 相似文献
38.
39.
The present study is carried out to examine the performance of a regional atmospheric model in forecasting tropical cyclones
over the Bay of Bengal and its sensitivity to horizontal resolution. Two cyclones, which formed over the Bay of Bengal during
the years 1995 and 1997, are simulated using a regional weather prediction model with two horizontal resolutions of 165 km
and 55 km. The model is found to perform reasonably well towards simulation of the storms. The structure, intensity and track
of the cyclones are found to be better simulated by finer resolution of the model as compared to the coarse resolution. Rainfall
amount and its distribution are also found to be sensitive to the model horizontal resolution. Other important fields, viz.,
vertical velocity, horizontal divergence and horizontal moisture flux are also found to be sensitive to model horizontal resolution
and are better simulated by the model with finer horizontal grids. 相似文献
40.