贵州晴隆大厂晚二叠世初期河流相沉积特征——兼论与上下地层接触关系

晚二叠世初期,在晴隆大厂一带,以"大厂层"为基底的山间盆地中,形成了一条自北东流向南西的规模较大的曲流河。该河流微相发育,其沉积物包括河道砾岩、边滩砂屑岩和洪泛平原泥质岩等。这套沉积地层上与上二叠统峨眉山玄武岩下与"大厂层"或局部与中二叠统茅口组接触。此乃峨眉地幔隆起边缘的沉积效应。     

云南省宾川县白象厂金矿地质特征及成矿规律探讨

通过对白象厂金矿的区域地质概况、矿区地质特征及控矿因素的分析研究，认为，白象厂金矿产于二长斑岩与玄武岩接触带上，局部赋存于二长斑岩与大理岩、玄武岩与大理岩的接触带上，呈脉状，似层状透镜状产出。矿化受构造及岩浆岩联合控制。矿床为构造破碎斑岩蚀变型金矿床。根据该矿床的控矿规律，认为沿金矿化带的走向和倾向方向上可能找到厚大、品位高的金矿体或金的次生富集体。     

西藏昌都夏通街滑坡成因分析及治理对策

西藏昌都地区夏通街滑坡是在古滑坡体上复活的新滑坡。自2001年以来滑坡变形破坏迹象日趋严重，引起了各方的关注。通过对滑坡的现场调查，了解其形成的地质背景。并对变形情况进行长期监测。在分析其变形特征的基础上，对古滑坡体的复活成因机理进行了分析研究。夏通街新滑坡是多种因素综合作用形成的。如河流冲刷、人类工程活动、降雨、地质条件等。其中起控制作用的主要因素是不合理的人类工程活动，特别是修建214国道对坡脚的开挖，使其抗滑段遭到破坏，抗滑力减小。另一控制因素则是连续3a的强降雨，使坡体岩土体力学性质降低，最终导致古滑坡体复活。根据对滑坡变形破坏情况的研究，提出相应的主动防治与被动防治相结合的治理对策。     

从Lacoste－Romberg重力仪零位移特性的分析论提高观测精度的途径

零位校正误差是重力仪除标定以外最主要的误差来源.本文根据作者数年来从事高精度重力勘探工作中所积累的资料,对此问题进行了较为全面客观的分析研究.(l)对Lacoste-Romberg重力仪的正常零位变化和零位突变特性提出了分析结论;(2)对实测资料采用动、静分高处理方法,分析了重力仪连续工作时(数日至数十日)由于零位非线性变化可能引起的零位校正误差;(3)通过对实测资料的分析计算,得到了零位突变对重力仪观测精度影响的参考值;(4)针对重力仪使用中的实际问题提出了改善零位移线性度的实施对策.     

矿物纤维粉尘的表面特性及对生物活性的影响

通过对矿物纤维粉尘对人体的危害性及对环境影响的研究，提出了一些矿物产生毒理作用过程的假说和因素判定；研究了矿物与生物体之间的相互作用时应重视矿物表面－细胞物理化学作用，并依据初步试验提出表面特征是矿物纤维表征生物活性的关键因子（如表面活性域、催化作用等），而纤维性只是矿物表面特性的表征因素之一。     

南宁盆地第三系泥岩物理性质与强度关系的研究

根据南宁几大工程的泥岩物理试验参数,分析了南宁盆地第三系泥岩物理指标与强度的关系,得出物理指标与强度之间具有近似的单一关系,抗剪强度随含水量、孔隙比的减小而增大,而随干重度趋势的增大而增大。     

青藏高原四季划分方法探讨

利用中国气象局国家气象信息中心提供的青藏高原60个测站1961~2007年逐日气温资料,分析常用的四季划分方法在高原的适用性,指出各种四季划分方法的不足和局限,并根据四季持续时间的合理性、物候特征、海拔高度、气候（温度）分布特征等因素提出了针对不同的生产、生活目的而建立的新四季划分方法。探讨认为：（1）根据高原物候特征和气温相结合的方式得到的＂物候四季划分方法＂即＂4℃-12℃-10℃-1℃＂对高原农牧业尤为适合;（2）＂海拔季节划分方法＂对高原旅游和人们衣着尤为适合,海拔季节划分方法把高原分成二个区：海拔4000m以上四季划分方法为＂5℃-12℃-12℃-5℃＂,4000m以下四季划分方法为＂5℃-15℃-15℃-5℃;＂（3）＂生活季节划分方法＂对高原不同区域的生产生活尤为适合,生活季节划分方法将高原分为三个区：Ⅰ区四季划分方法为＂6℃-16℃-16℃-6℃＂,Ⅱ区四季划分方法为＂5℃-12℃-12℃-5℃＂,Ⅲ区四季划分方法＂7℃-7℃＂划分春冬和秋冬,不存在夏季。最后,综合以上各种方法的优缺点,初步定义＂高原普适季节划分方法＂即＂5℃-15℃-15℃-5℃＂为高原总体的四季划分方法,对高原整体的国民经济和政府活动、旅游、人们的衣着、生活生产、季节类产品的销售具有总体的指导意义。     

从江翁浪金矿中的构造变形特征研究

从江翁浪金矿是一个受构造控制明显的金矿床,金矿主要富集在受顺层剪切控制的强变形带内。本文通过对翁浪金矿控矿构造中变形岩石的宏观和微观变形特征分析,得出研究区顺层剪切带的运动学特征为逆冲型剪切,控制金矿产出的强变形带以韧性变形为主的认识。     

Vertical structures of PM10 and PM 2.5 and their dynamical character in low atmosphere in Beijing urban areas

The vertical structures and their dynamical character of PM2.5 and PM10 over Beijing urban areas are revealed using the 1 min mean continuous mass concentration data of PM2.5 and PM10 at 8, 100, and 320 m heights of the meteorological observation tower of 325 m at Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IAP CAS tower hereafter) on 10―26 August, 2003, as well as the daily mean mass concentration data of PM2.5 and PM10 and the continuous data of CO and NO2 at 8, 100 (low layer), 200 (middle layer), and 320 m (high layer) heights, in combination with the same period meteorological field observation data of the meteorological tower. The vertical distributions of aerosols observed on IAP CAS tower in Beijing can be roughly divided into two patterns: gradually and rapidly decreasing patterns, I.e. The vertical distribution of aerosols in calm weather or on pollution day belongs to the gradually decreasing pattern, while one on clean day or weak cold air day belongs to the rapidly decreasing pattern. The vertical distributive characters of aerosols were closely related with the dynamical/thermal structure and turbulence character of the atmosphere boundary layer. On the clean day, the low layer PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were close to those at 8 m height, while the concentrations rapidly decreased at the high layer, and their values were only one half of those at 8 m, especially, the concentration of PM2.5 dropped even more. On the clean day, there existed stronger turbulence below 150 m, aerosols were well mixed, but blocked by the more stronger inversion layer aloft, and meanwhile, at various heights, especially in the high layer, the horizontal wind speed was larger, resulting in the rapid decrease of aerosol concentration, I.e. Resulting in the obvious vertical difference of aerosol concentrations between the low and high layers. On the pollution day, the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 at the low, middle, and high layers dropped successively by, on average, about 10% for each layer in comparison with those at 8 m height. On pollution days, in company with the low wind speed, there existed two shallow inversion layers in the boundary layer, but aerosols might be, to some extent, mixed below the inversion layer, therefore, on the pollution day the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 dropped with height slowly; and the observational results also show that the concentrations at 320 m height were obviously high under SW and SE winds, but at other heights, the concentrations were not correlated with wind directions. The computational results of footprint analysis suggest that this was due to the fact that the 320 m height was impacted by the pollutants transfer of southerly flow from the southern peripheral heavier polluted areas, such as Baoding, and Shijiazhuang of Hebei Province, Tianjin, and Shandong Province, etc., while the low layer was only affected by Beijing's local pollution source. The computational results of power spectra and periods preliminarily reveal that under the condition of calm weather, the periods of PM10 concentration at various heights of the tower were on the order of minutes, while in cases of larger wind speed, the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 at 320 m height not only had the short periods of minute-order, but also the longer periods of hour order. Consistent with the conclusion previously drawn by Ding et al., that air pollutants at different heights and at different sites in Beijing had the character of "in-phase" variation, was also observed for the diurnal variation and mean diurnal variation of PM2.5 and PM10 at various heights of the tower in this experiment, again confirming the "in-phase" temporal/spatial distributive character of air pollutants in the urban canopy of Beijing. The gentle double-peak character of the mean diurnal variation of PM2.5 and PM10 was closely related with the evident/similar diurnal variation of turbulent momentum fluxes, sensible heat fluxes, and turbulent kinetic energy at various heights in the urban canopy. Besides, under the condition of calm weather, the concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 declined with height slowly, it was 90% of 8 m concentration at the low layer, a little lesser than 90% at the middle layer, and 80% at the high layer, respectively. Under the condition of weak cold air weather, the concentration remarkably dropped with height, it was 70% of 8 m concentration at the low layer, and 20%―30% at the middle and high layers, especially the concentration of PM2.5 was even lower.     

乌鲁木齐市低空温度层结与采暖期大气污染的关系

为了找出乌鲁木齐市低空逆温对大气污染的影响规律,为治理和预测大气污染提供科学依据,利用2000年6月至2006年4月的乌鲁木齐市空气污染监测资料和气象站的探空、地面资料,分析了大气污染与逆温的对应特征。结果表明:乌鲁木齐市低空逆温的出现频率与大气污染指数具有相似的时间分布特征。采暖期空气污染指数API值越大,相对应出现逆温日的比例越高,以贴地逆温多;在污染源排放量一定的情况下,大气中污染物浓度与低空逆温层厚度、逆温层底高、逆温层顶底温差有显著的统计关系,而与逆温层中的逆温强度统计关系不显著。随着逆温层底高度降低,逆温层平均顶高、厚度、逆温层顶底温差的增大,日平均气温、最低气温、最高气温的降低,污染级别呈增加趋势;在采暖期同一时段内,要达到同样的污染级别,悬浮逆温日污染物容纳量比贴地逆温大,贴地逆温更容易造成空气污染;在污染物排放量相同的情况下,污染的程度主要取决于悬浮逆温层的底高和厚度及持续日数。