河南洛阳龙门石窟溶蚀病害机理的研究

河南洛阳龙门石窟位于碳酸盐岩体中,易于溶蚀。近年来,石窟区伊河水以及雨水中Cl-、SO2-3等有害离子明显增加,加剧了石窟的岩溶病害。在龙门石窟溶蚀现4、NO-4、NH+状调查的基础上,从岩溶的空间分布规律、岩体结构渗水连通网络和微观结构等方面探讨了溶蚀病害的机理。提出治理龙门石窟溶蚀病害的根本途径是治水,应该通过裂隙注浆,设置地表防渗铺盖和地表排水系统等止水措施,杜绝雨水入渗到洞窟内溶蚀雕刻品。此外,对现有岩溶沉淀物可以采用软化剥离的方法进行人工清除,对雕刻品上的溶洞、溶沟等可采用石窟原岩岩屑调制的修复砂浆进行充填修复。     

CT在肾脏疾病诊断中的应用价值

本文分析了腹部平片,静脉肾盂造影,B 超及CT 对肾脏疾病的诊断价值。CT 的组织分辨力为普通X 线的十倍,并能提供二维图象,对肾囊肿,结石等疾病可作出定性及定量诊断。静脉肾盂造影有禁忌症限制。B 超受到肠道积气及脂肪影响。4cm 以上肿块行B 超导引穿刺,而深部小于4cm 病灶应行CT 导引下穿刺。     

青藏公路多年冻土段路基病害分布规律

多年冻土道路多出现路基沉陷变形和路基路面开裂破坏这两类病害.根据青藏公路大量调查资料,对路基病害与多年冻土类型及其稳定程度、工程历史、路基高度、路基边坡坡向的关系进行了分析.结果表明,多年冻土稳定性差、工程完工时间长、位于路基阳坡面的沉陷和纵裂均较严重,而低路堤沉陷与高路堤纵裂均较严重.     

中国低硒带人群硒营养状态的变化趋势与成因分析

就近20年来中国低硒带人群硒营养状态的变化进行了对比分析,并对其成因作了探讨。自1974～1976年以来低硒带人群的硒营养水平明显提高,一般经济发展较快的地区提高幅度较大,边陲贫困地区仍处于较低水平。在人群中的变化也不均衡,发硒含量≤0.100μg/g的地区硒易感性疾病患病率仍较高,>0.150μg/g的人群占绝对优势的地区病情基本得到控制,病区自然消退。经济发展,物质交流。居民膳食结构改变以及外源性硒输入是低硒带人群硒营养水平提高的主要原因。我国克山病、大骨节病将随着居民硒营养水平的不断提高得到基本控制。     

青藏公路多年冻土区预警系统研究

在全球气候转暖和人类活动影响下,使多年冻土地区公路工程地质产生了新的变化。为了研究这些变化对公路路基稳定性的影响,展开长期的预警观测研究,本文引入模糊数学理论,从影响多年冻土区公路路基病害的因素中选择冻土年平均地温、冻土类型（冻土含冰量）、人为上限的变化、路基排水状况、特殊措施调控效果等关键因子,建立其语言变量及模糊隶属度函数,并综合历年来病害调查研究成果,总结病害的形成机理和专家经验,形成37条由语言变量描述的路基病害影响因子与病害严重程度之间关系的逻辑规则。运用Matlab模糊逻辑工具箱建立青藏公路多年冻土区预警系统。     

减影CTA在颅内静脉窦病变的诊断价值

目的:探讨减影CTA在颅内静脉窦病变的影像特点及诊断价值。方法:收集28例颅内静脉窦病变患者,其中动静脉畸形9例,静脉畸形3例,颅内静脉窦血栓4例,颈内动脉海绵窦瘘2例,肿瘤累及静脉窦10例;行CT平扫,增强及减影CTA,研究病变显示情况及诊断价值。结果:28例患者CTA静脉影像显示成功率为100%,可清楚显示病变位置,大小,形态以及与周围血管的关系。结论:减影CTA对颅内静脉窦病变具有无创,安全,快捷,准确性高等特点,可作为颅内静脉窦病变有效的检查方法。     

Minchinia nelsoni (MSX) infections in the James River seed-oyster area and their expulsion in spring

Spread of a new oyster disease caused by Minchinia nelsoni (MSX) in lower Chesapeake Bay in 1959–1960 threatened Virginia's James River seed area. Infections appeared in the lower half of the seed area in 1960 and 1961, but few oysters died from the disease and infections were eliminated by oysters in April-May the following spring. Distribution of the disease in controlled broadly by low salinities that inhibit development of infections and allow oysters to discharge plasmodia. Penetrations of the seed area occurred in dry and wet years, but mortalities occurred only in 1964 and 1980, both years of low precipitation. Little mortality was caused by transplanting infected seed oysters to other rivers because only low-salinity grounds were planted after 1959–1960 when severe mortalities occurred in areas of high salinities. In most years, infections were minimal in the seed area and other estuaries where salinities do not exceed 15–20‰ in late summer and fall. Salinities <10‰ prevailed in most of the seed area when oysters expelled the pathogen in early spring.     

探地雷达在古城墙病害探测中的应用

古城墙由于长年雨、雪水的侵蚀,容易造成城墙内部砖层、土体疏松等病害区域的发生,然而如何确定这些病害的位置、深度、规模等,是非常棘手的问题。探地雷达作为一种无损探测手段,具有探测效率高、分辨率高、结果直观等特点,对探测目标体不会造成任何损伤。结合工程实例,采用探地雷达技术对古城墙顶面进行探测。根据对探地雷达图谱进行处理分析,并选取5处有代表性的雷达图谱进行轻型动力触探验证。结合轻型动力触探验证资料,综合解释分析,提高了查找病害区域的准确性,同时说明探地雷达在古城墙探测中的适用性。     

Viral diseases of olive flounder in Korean hatcheries

In order to elucidate the state of diseases, especially viral diseases, and to prevent viral diseases from occurring in olive flounder hatcheries, a range of studies, including epidemiological study, were performed from 1997 to 2003. The location of the hatcheries investigated includes several representative sites in the east （Kangnung, Uljin, Pohang, Yangsan, Ulsan, Pusan）, south （Wando, Changheung, Goheung, Yeosu, Namhae, Tongyeong, Geoje, Jeju） and west （Seosan, Kunsan, Gochang, Yeongkwang, Mokpo, Chindo） costal areas of the Korea Peninsula. A total of 2000 cases have been examined in 7 years, in which mortality caused by viral agents accounts for 22%, or 446 cases. Mortalities associated with viral infection considerably increased from 14% in 1997 to 27% in 2003. A variety of viral diseases were observed, and the occurrences of viral epidermal hyperplasia, viral ascites and viral deformity, viral nervous necrosis, and hirame rhabdoviral disease are 14%, 51%, 25%, and 8% respectively. By investigating the viral infection of broodstock flounder, the infection rate of marine birnavirus （MABV） in hatcheries was identified to be approximately 30%, therefore, it is highly necessary to acquire and keep non-infected broodstock fishes.     

试论中小型地质工程“三分勘察七分经验”

作为服务于地质工程设计和施工基本工作的工程地质勘察,先进理论、技术方法和类似工程的经验等支撑起了它有序开展。然而,在复杂地质条件下,常因揭露出不良地质体和诸多诱发因素存在而导致施工地质灾害,使得中小型地质工程中勘察实物工作量和工程地质分析为主的经验必须有机结合,即业界俗称"三分勘察七分经验"。如何科学认识和合理实施此对策?在学习吸收前人综合集成理论等基础上,本文试着将工程地质勘察同中医诊治进行对比,提出了正算(归纳总结)反演(假说演绎加典型类比)相结合的思想。结合北方某高速公路边坡施工中发生破坏的案例,从教训剖析中揭示复杂地质条件下中小型地质工程勘察理论和经验紧密结合的必要性和可操作性。本文研究结果为深入认识勘察实物工作量的合理性、基础代表性,专家经验的正确性和地区制约性等,提供了可资参考的资料和案例分析结果。