内蒙古大梁道班地区大石寨组火山岩的地质地球化学特征及其构造环境探讨

内蒙古锡林浩特大梁道班地区大石寨组火山岩为一套富铝富硅的中酸性钙碱性系列火山岩,岩性组合为安山岩、英安岩、流纹岩等;稀土总量较高且轻重稀土分异明显;Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素(HFSE)相对亏损,板内元素相对富集。将上述岩石地球化学特征与构造环境判别图解相结合分析,初步确定该地区大石寨组火山岩形成于活动大陆边缘向弧后盆地演化的构造环境中,因此进一步推断大梁道班地区内在早中二叠世处于板块汇聚阶段,西伯利亚板块与华北板块在贺根山一带缝合,这次板块碰撞也标志着本区内古亚洲洋的闭合。     

广东省近50年极端降水事件的时空特征及成因分析

利用广东省境内25个测站1961~2010年逐日降水资料,综合运用Mann-Kendall检验、正交分解函数和Morlet小波分析等方法,剖析了广东省极端降水的空间结构分布与时间变化特征,并从水汽辐合的角度解释了极端降水的时空特征。结果表明:全省极端降水事件的总量、频次、强度空间分布差异较大,从北到南,极端降水总量和强度增加,频次减少;全省大部分区域极端降水总量和频次都有增加的趋势;广东省极端降水受大尺度天气系统的影响,存在全区一致的多雨或少雨,但也存在东西、四周、中心以及南北的差异;极端降水空间异常可分为4个气候区(异常型),即粤东北区,粤西区,粤中部区以及粤东沿海区,各降水异常区存在20a左右的长周期、10a左右较长周期的和3~4a的短周期振荡;广东省极端降水与极端水汽辐合对应关系较好,区域内水汽辐合的改变可能是影响广东省极端降水变化的重要气候因子。     

金管冲铀矿床控矿构造特征分析

金管冲铀矿床位于湘东地区丫江桥黑云母二长花岗岩体接触带。通过成矿构造背景和矿床构造研究，本文系统论述了不同级虽构造对铀成矿的 控制作用，认为NNE向走滑断裂与铀成矿作用之间具有密切的成因联系。晚三叠世－侏罗纪时期的构造会聚走滑导致剪切重熔型花岗岩－丫江桥岩体的形成和成矿元素的富集。白垩纪－第三纪的构造离散走滑在矿区及其附近形成张扭性断裂和离散走滑盆地，这些断裂和盆地为成矿流体的运移、循环及成矿物质的沉淀提供了良好的构造场所。     

中国西部新生代岩石圈汇聚和东部岩石圈离散的耦合关系与古环境格局演变的探讨

本文从印度大陆与亚洲大陆新生代碰撞前缘的多阶段构造变形与隆升过程,对比了我国南海北部大陆边缘盆地,东部渤海湾盆地的构造-沉积-岩浆事件,它们在时间上具准同时性,表现在两大陆碰撞构造变形和抬升的高峰时期正好与盆地伸展、拉张,快速构造沉降时期相对应;当构造转入相对稳定(松弛)阶段,表现为高原剥蚀夷平,岩浆活动频繁,盆地构造沉降速率减缓阶段.青藏高原多阶段构造-岩浆事件还与我国季风形成和发展以及全球新生代3次变冷事件具某种对应联系,认为深部地幔脉动上涌的热力效应可能是诱发高原季风,行星西风增强,高纬度降温的驱动力之一.它和高原地形增高引发大气热机效率增大起着互补作用,使青藏高原成为诱发我国大气环流变化的启动区.     

一次极端降水的中尺度雨团分析

利用常规观测资料、ECMWF ERA-Interim 0.125°×0.125°分析资料、FY-2G 卫星云图和多普勒天气雷达资料等,对2017年8 月18-19 日漯河极端降水的中尺度特征及降水成因进行分析.结果表明:(1)本次过程在200 hPa 高空分流区、500 hPa 高空槽以及副热带高压、低层急流切变、地面...     

桂林一次强下击暴流成因分析

2019年3月21日广西桂林市临桂区发生一次极端大风天气过程(以下简称"3·21"临桂大风),当日21:13临桂观测站记录最大阵风风速为60.3 m·s-1(17级).通过风灾现场调查判断这是强度为EF2级的微下击暴流过程.应用常规观测资料以及加密自动气象站、探空、多普勒雷达等资料,分析了"3·21"临桂大风的环流背景...     

A new look at the response surface method for reliability analysis using chaos theory

To overcome excessive computation errors and convergence failures encountered in an iterative calculation of the reliability index using the response surface method （RSM） for some nonlinear limit state functions, this study investigates an essential factor based on chaotic dynamics theory. The bifurcation diagrams of the reliability index are presented for some typical nonlinear limit state functions, and the computation results from the mapping functions due to the RSM iterations show the complicated dynamic phenomena such as the periodic oscillation, as well as bifurcation and chaos. From the numerical examples, it is concluded that the parameter of selection range fplays an important role in the convergence of the RSM iteration, and an improved RSM iterative algorithm is proposed with regard to the incorporation of the iterative sequential function of selection rangef The proposed method is shown to be efficient and to yield accurate results.     

Jurassic Tectonic Revolution in China and New Interpretation of the “Yanshan Movement”

With acquisition and accumulation of new data of structural geological investigations and high-resolution isotopic dating data, we have greatly improved our understanding of the tectonic events occurring in eastern China during the period from the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous and may give a new interpretation of the nature, timing and geodynamic settings of the “Yanshan Movement”. During the Mid-Late Jurassic （165±5 Ma）, great readjustment of plate amalgamation kinematics took place in East Asia and the tectonic regime underwent great transformation, thus initiating a new tectonic regime in which the North China Block was the center and different plates converged toward it from the north, east and southwest and forming the “East Asia convergent” tectonic system characterized by intracontinental subduction and orogeny. As a consequence, the crustal lithosphere of the East Asian continent thickened considerably during the Late Jurassic, followed immediately by Early Cretaceous substantial lithospheric thinning and craton destruction featured by drastic lithospheric extension and widespread volcano-magmatic activities, resulting in a major biotic turnover from the Yanliao biota to Jehol Biota. Such a tremendous tectonic event that took place in the continent of China and East Asia is the basic connotation of the “Yanshan Movement”. In the paper, according to the deformation patterns, geodynamic settings and deep processes, the “Yanshan Movement” is redefined as the Late Jurassic East Asian multi-directional plate convergent tectonic regime and its associated extensive intracontinental orogeny and great tectonic change that started at -165±5 Ma. The substantial lithospheric attenuation in East China is considered the post-effect of the Yanshanian intracontinental orogeny and deformation.     

试论冈瓦纳古陆的形成和裂解

本文探讨了冈瓦纳古陆的形成和裂解的问题。首先,考虑地球的形成存在过天文演化和地质演化的阶段。在天文演化阶段,冈瓦纳古陆形成于南极;在地质演化阶段,南半球表层液核流体获得向东北的速度,同时导致了冈瓦纳古陆的分裂和漂移。漂移大陆块的北边缘到达表层液核流体辐合带的位置,这一辐合带沿地中海、青藏高原南边缘、斐济、加勒比海、地中海一线。大陆块到达低纬后又经过了东西方向的漂移,并且形成了洋中脊.      

“苏拉”台前强螺旋云带辐合特征分析

为了研究爆发式发展的台风苏拉台前强螺旋云带,采用多种实况资料,运用风场分解、Shuman-Shapiro滤波、雷达回波相关性跟踪(TREC)反演风场等方法对其辐合特征进行分析。结果表明:从中尺度滤波场、变风场以及风场分解后的辐散风可见,螺旋云带形成于大范围辐合背景下。在低层,旋转风是水平动能输入的主要贡献者,它加强了低层动量堆积,辐散风则加强了风场水平辐合;在高层,辐散风是动能输出的主要贡献者,辐散风的增强,加强了高空辐散。旋转风和辐散风的不同配置形成了强上升运动,从而促进了强螺旋云带的发展。对地面风场进行中尺度滤波后,在选取的两个关键区内可见明显的中尺度辐合或涡旋,且辐合在更高层仍有一定的反映。中小尺度辐合与螺旋云带中对流云团的发展相互对应、相互反馈。