非线性最优化问题的一个算法及其收敛性

讨论了具有广泛应用的线性等式、线性不等式及非负约束的非线性最优化问题。以极方向的特殊组合加上修正向量为搜索方向，给出一个具有超线性收敛速度的算法。较以往的算法有明显的优点，具有较好的稳定性和实用性。     

LONG VALID TIME ENERGY PERFECT CONSERVATIVE FIDELITY SPECTRAL SCHEMES OF BAROTROPIC PRIMITIVE EQUATIONS*

In accordance with a new compensation principle of discrete computations,the traditional meteorological global (pseudo-) spectral schemes of barotropic primitive equation (s) are transformed into perfect energy conservative fidelity schemes,thus resolving the problems of both nonlinear computational instability and incomplete energy conservation,and raising the computational efficiency of the traditional schemes.As the numerical tests of the new schemes demonstrate,in solving the problem of energy conservation in operational computations,the new schemes can eliminate the (nonlinear) computational instability and,to some extent even the (nonlinear) computational diverging as found in the traditional schemes,Further contrasts between new and traditional schemes also indicate that,in discrete operational computations,the new scheme in the case of nondivergence is capable of prolonging the valid in-tegral time of the corresponding traditional scheme,and eliminating certain kind of systematical computational "climate drift",meanwhile increasing its computational accuracy and reducing its amount of computation.The working principle of this paper is also applicable to the problem concerning baroclinic primitive equations.     

圆内解析函数在闭圆上连续的条件

研究解析函数的边界性质。通过将Ｐｌｅｓｓｎｅｒ定理的可积条件加强为连续，得到了国内解析函数在闭圆上实部连续导致虚部连续的充分必要条件。     

Verification studies for a z-coordinate primitive-equation model: Tidal conversion at a mid-ocean ridge

We document the accuracy and convergence of solutions for a z-coordinate primitive-equation model of internal tide generation and propagation. The model, which is based on MOM3 numerics, is linearized around a state of rest to facilitate comparison with analytic estimates of baroclinic generation at finite-amplitude topography in a channel forced by barotropic tidal flow at its boundaries. Unlike the analytical model, the numerical model includes mixing of both buoyancy and momentum, and several definitions of “baroclinic conversion” are possible. These are clarified by writing out the energetics of the linearized equations in terms of barotropic kinetic energy, baroclinic kinetic energy, and available potential energy. The tidal conversion computed from the model, defined as the rate of conversion of barotropic kinetic energy into available potential energy, agrees well with analytical predictions. A comparison of different treatments of bottom topography (full-cells, partial-cells, and ghost-cells) indicates that the partial-cell treatment is the most accurate in this application. Convergence studies of flow over a smooth supercritical ridge show that the dissipation along tidal characteristics is, apparently, an integrable singularity. When the ocean bottom is not smooth, the accuracy and convergence of the model depend on the power spectrum of the topography. A numerical experiment suggests that the power spectrum of the resolved topography must roll off faster than k⁻² to obtain convergent results from a linear numerical model of this type.     

Sustainable transpression: An examination of strain and kinematics in deforming zones with migrating boundaries

Most orogenic belts owe their development to oblique convergence and commonly have many orogen-parallel transpressional high-strain zones. To constrain the tectonic history of orogenic belts by structural and fabric analysis of rocks, it is desirable to understand quantitatively the relationship between the boundary conditions and the resulting strain distribution and kinematics in these zones. Most current models for transpression assume homogeneous deformation confined by boundaries that are fixed to material planes. This creates a strain compatibility problem at the margins of the active deforming zone and also requires that the strain rate normal to the zone boundaries increase to implausibly high values soon after the onset of oblique convergence (transpressional motion). The latter contradicts with the observation that transpressional motion can be sustained throughout an orogeny. The assumption that zone boundaries are fixed to material planes is unrealistic. The outstanding problems of current transpressional models are resolved in this paper by allowing the zone boundaries to migrate through the rock material. The consequence of zone boundary migration for the strain field and kinematics within a transpressional high-strain zone is investigated mathematically. The implications of the modeling for fabric interpretation are discussed. The modeling makes general predictions consistent with observed planar and linear fabric patterns in natural transpressional high-strain zones. It predicts that foliations in transpressional high-strain zones are subparallel to the zone boundaries regardless of variation in the imposed boundary conditions. Lineations cluster along the great circle girdle subparallel to the average foliation. The spread of the lineations may vary from point maxima to complete girdles.     

2004年云南秋季强降水位涡诊断分析

利用NCEP格点资料和常规观测资料对2004年云南秋季强降水进行位涡诊断分析，结果表明，干湿位涡均能较好地反映天气系统的演变特征，干位涡能很好地反映滇黔辐合强弱和地面冷空气的移动路径。湿位涡则能反映暖湿气流活动特征。强降水发生期间，中高层强干湿位涡向低层传送，低层负湿位涡向上伸展。对流层中高层的干湿位涡强中心向低层传送方向和强度变化与强降水雨带移动方向及雨强变化一致。此次强降水对流层中层的强干位涡源位于川东，表明该过程与9月2—6日川东大暴雨有关。     

阵风锋在短时大风预报中的应用

应用石家庄及周边县（市）风自记、多普勒雷达等短时高频资料，对2005年5—8月石家庄出现的短时大风及其与阵风锋、对流降水关系进行统计，侧重分析了2005年6月17日强对流性雷雨云外围产生的阵风锋造成的雷雨大风过程。结果表明：阵风锋在雷达反射率因子图上表现为强对流回波前方近地层的条状或孤状弱窄带回波；在径向速度图上表现为风向、风速急剧变化的辐合带区域；速度图中的风辐合最强处与强度图中阵风锋回波位置相符，并且与风速演变曲线中的峰值有很好对应；阵风锋移向和移速提前预示了主体对流回波传播方向、强对流天气的强弱以及短时大风的时空分布，从而为灾害性天气的短时及临近预报提供参考依据。     

一次大面积降雪多普勒速度特征

利用CINRAD／CC多普勒雷达速度回波资料分析了2002年12月15—16日凌晨新疆北部沿天山一带的大面积降雪过程。结果表明：速度资料中的冷(暖)平流和辐合(散)与降雪的形成、维持和消散关系密切。逆风区和速度梯度大的区域附近一般与反射率因子较大值区域相对应。而且，速度回波分布变化较强度回波分布变化提前，对降雪的短时预报有一定指导意义。