星载微波辐射计遥感反演云水量的一个算式

云柱含义水量（常称为云水路径,以下简写为Ｌ）是气象学中一个重要的物理参量。星载微波辐射计量目前监测全球范围云水路径分布和变化的最强有力的技术手段。已上天的微波辐射计（如ＳＳＭ／Ｉ）反演云水路径Ｌ的算式需要进一步改发展;将要上天的仪器（如日本的ＡＤＥＯＳⅡ－ＡＭＳＲ）反演式需要建立。采用物理－统计反演方法,建立了一个Ｌ反演算式。主要过程是,先根据辐射传输模式模拟得到的资料,建立云水量Ｌ与有云无云高温     

日照帆船港港域波高的数值计算

考虑波浪的浅水变化、折射、绕射、反射和破碎等现象的影响,以文氏谱作为输入谱,建立了浅水区域随机波浪传播变形的改进数值模型。对日照帆船港港域波高的数值计算结果表明:在没有越浪的情况下,计算值与物理模型试验观测值吻合。改进的数值模型成为求解港口水域波高的1种有效方法。     

Field testing and analysis of high speed rail vibrations

This paper outlines an experimental analysis of ground-borne vibration levels generated by high speed rail lines on various earthwork profiles (at-grade, embankment, cutting and overpass). It also serves to provide access to a dataset of experimental measurements, freely available for download by other researchers working in the area of railway vibration (e.g. for further investigation and/or the validation of vibration prediction models).First, the work outlines experimental investigations undertaken on the Belgian high speed rail network to investigate the vibration propagation characteristics of three different embankment conditions. The sites consist of a 5.5 m high embankment, an at-grade section and a 7.2 m deep cutting. The soil material properties of each site are determined using a ‘Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves’ technique and verified using refraction analysis. It is shown that all sites have relatively similar material properties thus enabling a generalised comparison.Vibration levels are measured in three directions, up to 100 m from the track due to three different train types (Eurostar, TGV and Thalys) and then analysed statistically. It is found that contrary to commonly accepted theory, vertical vibrations are not always the most dominant, and that horizontal vibrations should also be considered, particularly at larger offsets. It is also found that the embankment earthworks profile produced the lowest vibration levels and the cutting produced the highest. Furthermore, a low (positive) correlation between train speed and vibration levels was found. A selection of the results can be downloaded from www.davidpconnolly.com.     

空气节能器研制与应用

本文针对渔船使用增压柴油机中存在的极待解决的问题,提出了增设空冷节能器的必要性,并设计研制出了空冷节能器。试验结果表明,该空冷节能器节油率达8%,总排温降低70～100℃,增加功率20%,压力损失△P_K<160mmH_2O。     

广东海域模拟人和无动力渔船海上漂移试验研究

为探讨海上搜救目标无动力渔船和落水人员在海水中的漂移规律,对现有海上搜救目标漂移轨迹预测模型进行评估与改进,国家海洋局南海海洋工程勘察中心于2011年2月和4月在广东近岸海域开展了3组模拟人和2组无动力船海上漂移试验。试验发现模拟人与无动力船大部分时刻的漂移轨迹位于下风向的右侧,80%以上的时刻漂移轨迹位于海流流向和下风向的矢量合成区间内。以漂移速度为应变量,流速和风速为自变量进行二元回归分析发现,广东海域的模拟人和无动力渔船的流致漂移参数约为1.0,风致漂移参数分别为0.019和0.038。     

Propeller scars on and known home range of two orca (Orcinus orca) in New Zealand waters

Two orca (Orcinus orca, Linnaeus, 1758), photo‐identified as part of an ongoing study in New Zealand waters, have a series of deep scars in their dorsal lumbar‐caudal regions which suggests they were caused by propellers. One of the animals, first noted to have the scars in 1982, is considerably smaller than an adult of similar age. The known home range of these orca are presented. A third orca hit by a boat is presumed dead.     

奥运会赛艇场馆逐时风场特征

应用2007年8月北京奥林匹克水上公园12个自动测风仪逐时风场资料、BJ-ANC对流临近预报系统提供的产品和自动气象站资料等,统计分析了8月奥林匹克赛艇场地的逐时风场各级风的出现频率,同时分析了逐时风速特征和风向特点.结果表明:08:00～18:00,0～2 m/s风速出现的最大频率为82%,出现在08:00;风速在3～5 m/s的最大频率为41%,出现在09:00,次之是15:00频率为36%;风速呈现在6～8 m/s的频率迅速降低,最大仅有14%.大于9 m/s的风速出现频率更小,这种风速一般与强对流天气相对应.BJ-ANC系统的强度产品弱窄带同波,能够预报风向的转变:当弱窄带回波经过奥林匹克水上公周时,有风向转变和风速变化,若两条弱窄带回波碰撞时,雷暴加强,这对奥运赛艇比赛有指导意义.