Kirchhoff型高保真反偏移理论

为了使Kirchhoff型反偏移的输出结果与数值模拟结果相等,提出了一种旨在消除Kirchhoff型反偏移中所出现的振幅畸变现象的高保真反偏移方法。与常规的Kirchhoff型反偏移不同,高保真反偏移是一种与反射面有关的反射地震成像方法。因此,在高保真反偏移中首先要确定反射面的位置,其次要确定振幅畸变因子的数值,最后要根据在反射点上振幅畸变因子恒等于1这一事实进行振幅畸变校正。在具体实施过程中,为了求出反射点的空间位置和振幅畸变因子的具体数值,采用四重加权叠加法,即在一次反偏移运算中同时采用一个单位加权函数和三个非单位加权函数。其中,非单位加权函数由常规的真振幅加权函数和用于建立Kircohhoff型反偏移算子的全局坐标系中的水平坐标组成。通过在四个反偏移场之间进行比值运算,可以达到提取反射点坐标和振幅畸变因子的目的。一旦得到反射点坐标和振幅畸变因子的具体数值,就可以通过简单的除法消除掉振幅畸变因子对反偏移像场振幅的影响。     

“95.8”川西大暴雨成因分析

通过对“９５．８”大暴雨过程的全面技术总结，揭示了多种尺度系统间相互作用对产生大暴雨过程的贡献，并指出了云团的发生及其发展源于北方冷空气和南方低空急流持续影响所形成的两个中间尺度垂直环流。     

南方涛动、热带海温与西北太平洋副高的联系

本文应用统计方法,首先探讨南方涛动指数与西北太平洋副热带高压的联系,然后分析赤道和热带太平洋区域海温对南方涛动的响应情况,同时分析南方涛动响应区域的海温与当时及滞后的西北太平洋副热带高压的联系,从中探讨南方涛动、厄尔尼诺海温异常及西北太平洋副热带高压之间的一种可能的相互作用机制。     

Deep Processes of Basin Evolution:A Case Study of the Southern Songliao Basin and Adjacent Area,NE China in Mesozoic-Cenozoic

1IntroductionOne of the key factors related to basin geody-namics is deep process controlling formation and evolution of sedimentary basin. Depth and tempera-ture of asthenosphere,existence of mantle plume,occurrence of mantle melting,and amounts of melts under depressurization during thinning of lithosphere are controlling factors influenced formation and characteristics of extensional basin directly (Li,1994). Rifting is probably governed by frictional forces exerted on the base of litho…     

测站间高差对短时段GPS基线解算的影响

基于美国CORS网数据,分别选取平均基线长度和站间高差均不相同的6个GPS实验网,使用GAMIT/GLOBK软件,从基线较差、基线重复性、NRMS值以及解算中误差等方面分析站间高差对短时段（4 h）GPS基线解算的影响及削弱这些影响的方法。结果得出,当测站间高差大于100 m时,如果不估计对流层参数,即使是短基线也会使解算基线在高程方向的偏差达到1 cm,而对平面分量影响很小。此时,必须通过估计天顶方向的对流层参数来削弱其影响,才能保证最终解算的基线结果在高程方向的误差小于1 cm。     

弥散磁共振成像研究进展

对弥散磁共振成像的核心内容——使用不同强度和方向的弥散信息对完整弥散过程进行三维建模进行介绍.首先根据模型可描述纤维数量将其分为低角度分辨率和高角度分辨率弥散磁共振成像2类,然后根据建模所用弥散采样选择方式将高角度分辨率弥散磁共振成像分为多弥散角度方向模型、多弥散强度模型和综合弥散角度方向和强度模型3类并进行介绍,并对每个具体模型分别从模型设计、模型计算和模型优缺点3个角度进行分析.     

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Southern high latitude climate anomalies associated with the Indian Ocean dipole mode

1 INTRODUCTION In southern high latitudes, recent observations have shown a standing mode of ACW (Antarctic Circumpolar Wave) with eastward propagation across the Southern Ocean of the Antarctic in co- varying SST (sea surface temperature) and SLP (sea le…     

Discharge‐sediment processes of the Zhadang glacier on the Tibetan Plateau measured with a high frequency data acquisition system

In high elevation cold regions of the Tibetan Plateau, suspended sediment transfer from glacier meltwater erosion is one of the important hydrological components. The Zhadang glacier is a typical valley‐type glacier in the Nyainqentanglha Mountains on the Tibetan Plateau. To make frequent and long period records of meltwater runoff and sediment processes in the very high elevation and isolated regions, an automatic system was installed near the glacier snout (5400 m a.s.l) in August 2013, to measure the transient discharge and sediment processes at 5‐min interval, which is shorter than the time span for the water flow to traverse the catchment from the farthest end to the watershed outlet. Diurnal variations of discharge, and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) were recorded at high frequency for the Zhadang glacier, before suspended sediment load (SSL) was computed. Hourly SSC varied from the range of 0.2 kg/m³ to 0.5 kg/m³ (at 8:00–9:00) to the range of 2.0 kg/m³ to 4.0 kg/m³ (at 17:00–18:00). The daily SSL was 32.24 t during the intense ablation period. Hourly SSC was linearly correlated with discharge (r = 0.885**, n = 18, p < 0.01). A digit‐eight hysteresis loop was observed for the sediment transport in the glacier area. Air temperature fluctuations influence discharge, and then result in the sediment variations. The results of this study provide insight into the responses of suspended sediment delivery processes with a high frequency data in the high elevation cold regions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

西沙海域天然气水合物地震资料高密度双谱速度分析技术探讨

基于南海西沙海域天然气水合物二维高分辨率多道地震数据资料,使用Geovation地震资料处理系统的高密度双谱速度分析方法进行处理。在叠前时间偏移处理后的道集基础上,进行高密度双谱非双曲线型NMO自动拾取,最终获得解决各向异性问题后的叠前时间偏移剖面。分析结果表明,高密度双谱速度分析技术实现了速度逐道逐点的自动拾取,提高了时间方向的分辨能力、空间方向的分析密度,可以充分挖掘水合物地震数据的潜力。高密度双谱速度分析方法在提高处理质量的同时,可以帮助判定水合物的富集层位,研究似海底反射层附近的详细速度结构,为西沙海域水合物地震资料综合解释提供依据。