吕宋海峡纬向海流及质量输送

分析和计算了吕宋海峡PR21断面最近海洋调查的部分CTD资料和ADCP资料,再一次证明吕宋海峡常年存在纬向流。但对于天气尺度而言,该流型是多变的。根据高分辨率的海洋环流数值模式4a(1992～1996年)海平面高度(SSH)的输出值,运用地转关系估计了吕宋海峡纬向流的月平均值。研究表明;通过海峡流入、流出南海纬向流的深度一般达到500m左右,200m以上流速较大,平均流速为50cm/s,最大时达80cm/s以上。500m以下的纬向地转流流速较小,通常小于10cm/s.由大洋进入海峡的入流位置位于海峡的中部和南部,月平均入流最大值出现在11月,为50cm/s.位于海峡的北部和南部上层海洋的月平均出流,最大流速亦出现在11月,也为50cm/s,这与秋季北赤道流分叉位置最北(15°N),春季分叉位置最南(14°N)有关。上层流入、流出海峡的流量的月平均值分别约为10×106m3/s和5×106m3/s.当东北季风盛行时(从10月到翌年2月),流入海峡的流量远大于流出海峡的流量,两者的差可达8×106m3/s,而在其他季节两者的差仅为3×106m3/s.这说明东北季风盛行时,会有较多的水从南海南？     

1964-2019年辽宁省平均风速时空演变特征及其影响因素

风的变化程度和强弱会引起其他气象要素变化,探究风场时空分布及其历史变化规律,可为气候预报预测和风能科学利用提供重要参考.基于1964-2019年辽宁省23个气象站点风速及其他气象因子的逐日监测数据,利用小波分析及经验正交分解法对近56 a辽宁省风场、风速时空变化特征进行分析,并结合主成分分析法揭示其影响因素.结果表明:...     

A cap model for partially saturated soils

The present paper deals with the extension of a cap model in order to describe the material behavior of partially saturated soils, in particular, of partially saturated sands and silts. The soil model is formulated in terms of two stress state variables, using net stress and matric suction and, alternatively, the average soil skeleton stress and suction, the latter playing the role of a stress‐like plastic internal variable. The yield surface, consisting of a shear failure surface and a hardening cap surface, the plastic potentials for the non‐associated flow rule and the hardening law for the cap are extended by taking into account the effects of matric suction on the material behavior. Furthermore, the third invariant of the deviatoric stress tensor is taken into account in the formulation of the yield surfaces. The developed model is validated by the numerical simulation of an extensive series of suction controlled tests for a silty sand, which were conducted at different constant values of suction. Although both versions of the soil model yield identical results for stress paths at constant values of matric suction, differences are encountered for stress paths involving wetting. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Middle Holocene warm period and sea level high in coastal areas,North China

Relevant geological, geographical, archaeological data were collected to study the characteristics of middle Holocene warm period and sea level high on North China coast. Middle Holocene climate and sea level change on North China coast were correlated to warm marine environment events in about 8-3 ka B.E The sea level in about 8 ka B.E was higher than present mean sea level, then fluctuated for 5 000 years and after that it became even in 3 ka B.E The highest sea level occurred in about 6-5 ka B.E; the maximum was about 2-3 m and minimum was about 1-2 m.     

SiO maser emission and the intrinsic properties of Mira variables

This paper presents observations of SiO maser emission from 161 Mira variables distributed over a wide range of intrinsic parameters like spectral type, bolometric magnitude and amplitude of pulsation. The observations were made at 86.243 GHz, using the 10-4 m millimeter-wave telescope of the Raman Research Institute at Bangalore, India. These are the first observations made using this telescope. From these observations, we have established that the maser emission is restricted to Miras having mean spectral types between M6 and M10. The infrared period-luminosity relation for Mira variables is used to calculate their distances and hence estimate their maser luminosities from the observed fluxes. The maser luminosity is found to be correlated with the bolometric magnitude of the Mira variable. On an H-R diagram, the masing Mira variables are shown to lie in a region distinct from that for the non-masing ones.     

周期和振幅相结合检测地震方法研究

分析了单纯用地震波振幅作为报警阈值的缺点,通过数字地震仪与模拟地震仪报警机制的对比,提出用检测周期和振幅相结合的方法来实现地震报警.     

干旱气候条件下陆相高分辨层序地层特征研究——以江汉盆地西南缘晚白垩世渔洋组为例

江汉盆地西南缘白垩系上统渔洋组地层旋回主要受气候因素的影响。研究区渔洋组是在干旱气候条件下沉积的洪水—漫湖沉积体系，其气候变化的特点是短暂洪水期与较长干旱的间洪水期交替变化，同时表现出不同级别的旋回，在气候越来越干旱的背景下，洪水期持续的时间就会越短，洪水的规模也越来越小。在短期的气候变化旋回下，地层沉积特征表现为洪水期沉积的水道、砂坪等微相与干旱的间洪水期泥坪微相互层。在中期气候变化旋回下，主洪水期持续时间长、规模大，沉积分布广泛,形成较厚的灰色水道砂岩沉积和灰色泥岩沉积夹薄层的红色泥坪沉积，间洪水期沉积为砂坪、混合坪与泥坪互层构成。长期旋回表现为每个中期主洪水期越来越小、水道沉积规模变小，间洪水期形成的红色泥坪厚度逐渐加厚，代表气候越来越干旱。研究区的这种地层旋回变化特征反映出气候是地层旋回的主控因素，不仅控制地层的短期旋回，同时控制地层的中长期旋回。这些特征具明显的等时性和可对比性，为油田开发过程中小层对比及油层划分提供了理论依据。     

松辽盆地北部登娄库组砂岩次生孔隙形成时期与油气成藏

利用与油气包裹体同期形成的盐水溶液包裹体均一化温度,结合本地区埋藏史和热史,确定登娄库组三、四段砂岩天然气成藏期为96~81.5Ma,并可细分为3期(分别为93~91Ma、88.8~82.8Ma和82.3~81.5Ma),前两期持续时间长,第3期时间相对较短。根据次生孔隙发育带分布宏观上受T4断层控制、微观上呈发育→较发育→不发育旋回性分布的特点判断,裂缝是酸性流体的运移通道,早期T4断层的形成时期是次生孔隙大量形成的时期:其中青山口组青一段沉积时期储盖匹配性最好,形成的次生孔隙与油气注入时期匹配,易形成气层;姚家组沉积时期储盖匹配关系好,但气源可能不足,该期形成的次生孔隙可能会形成低产气层或气水同层;登娄库组沉积时期储盖匹配性差,形成的次生孔隙难以保存,最终会形成干层。     

Site coefficients suitable to China site category

Introduction Site effect on strong earthquake ground motion is an important problem for seismologists and earthquake engineers. The direct approach to study site effect is to use data from a vertical array of seismometers, which is called borehole station…