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861.
吴志娟 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,40(9)
通过图形化建模工具Model Builder对基本农田数据进行建库,是通过构造地理工作流和脚本将数据和空间处理工具连接起来处理的复杂的GIS任务。本文主要对基本农田数据库的建库采用Arc GIS建模的方法进行了探讨。 相似文献
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针对无人机倾斜摄影测量影像的特点,采用一种影像特征点自动提取匹配算法,解决影像之间的比例尺不一致、分辨率不一致等问题,实现影像的自动精确匹配,最终构建具有精确地理信息的三维模型。实验结果表明构建的三维模型满足数字城市建设的需求,可为城市基础设施建设提供一种科学可靠的依据。 相似文献
865.
在三维建模领域,空中三角测量通过少量的控制点,按一定的数学模型加密解算出所需要的全部控制点及每张像片的外方位元素并由此进行三维重建工作;若遇到一些特殊地物(如桥梁、铁塔、水域等)时,往往会出现模型错乱、模糊不清、有漏洞或无法正确显示等一系列问题。本文采用倾斜摄影测量建模的方式,对一些特殊地物进行信息采集,再利用专业软件进行加工处理,用3dsmax类建模软件对采集的信息进行精细建模,用skyline类软件进行三维场景编辑及漫游,从而能够实现基于原本样貌重建特殊地物的三维模型。 相似文献
866.
"数字校园"建设是科技发展的必然趋势,为加快这一进程,本次研究将地面三维激光扫描技术应用到大学校园。本文以Z+F IM AGER 5010c地面三维激光扫描仪采集到的吉林建筑大学基础实验楼数据为基础,运用3ds max、Auto CAD、Point Cloud等建模软件建立三维模型。同时将依据点云数据建立的实体模型与实际测量数据进行对比和精度分析,验证了地面三维激光扫描仪在建筑物三维模型建立中的精度和可靠性。 相似文献
867.
Studies of global environmental change make extensive use of scenarios to explore how the future can evolve under a consistent set of assumptions. The recently developed Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) create a framework for the study of climate-related scenario outcomes. Their five narratives span a wide range of worlds that vary in their challenges for climate change mitigation and adaptation. Here we provide background on the quantification that has been selected to serve as the reference, or ‘marker’, implementation for SSP2. The SSP2 narrative describes a middle-of-the-road development in the mitigation and adaptation challenges space. We explain how the narrative has been translated into quantitative assumptions in the IIASA Integrated Assessment Modelling Framework. We show that our SSP2 marker implementation occupies a central position for key metrics along the mitigation and adaptation challenge dimensions. For many dimensions the SSP2 marker implementation also reflects an extension of the historical experience, particularly in terms of carbon and energy intensity improvements in its baseline. This leads to a steady emissions increase over the 21st century, with projected end-of-century warming nearing 4 °C relative to preindustrial levels. On the other hand, SSP2 also shows that global-mean temperature increase can be limited to below 2 °C, pending stringent climate policies throughout the world. The added value of the SSP2 marker implementation for the wider scientific community is that it can serve as a starting point to further explore integrated solutions for achieving multiple societal objectives in light of the climate adaptation and mitigation challenges that society could face over the 21st century. 相似文献
868.
Monitoring canopy growth and grain yield of paddy rice in South Korea by using the GRAMI model and high spatial resolution imagery 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Monitoring crop conditions and forecasting crop yields are both important for assessing crop production and for determining appropriate agricultural management practices; however, remote sensing is limited by the resolution, timing, and coverage of satellite images, and crop modeling is limited in its application at regional scales. To resolve these issues, the Gramineae (GRAMI)-rice model, which utilizes remote sensing data, was used in an effort to combine the complementary techniques of remote sensing and crop modeling. The model was then investigated for its capability to monitor canopy growth and estimate the grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa), at both the field and the regional scales, by using remote sensing images with high spatial resolution. The field scale investigation was performed using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images, and the regional-scale investigation was performed using RapidEye satellite images. Simulated grain yields at the field scale were not significantly different (p = 0.45, p = 0.27, and p = 0.52) from the corresponding measured grain yields according to paired t-tests (α = 0.05). The model’s projections of grain yield at the regional scale represented the spatial grain yield variation of the corresponding field conditions to within ±1 standard deviation. Therefore, based on mapping the growth and grain yield of rice at both field and regional scales of interest within coverages of a UAV or the RapidEye satellite, our results demonstrate the applicability of the GRAMI-rice model to the monitoring and prediction of rice growth and grain yield at different spatial scales. In addition, the GRAMI-rice model is capable of reproducing seasonal variations in rice growth and grain yield at different spatial scales. 相似文献
869.
Victor Fernandez Nascimento Nazli Yesiller Keith C Clarke Jean Pierre Henry Balbaud Ometto Pedro R. Andrade Anahi Chimini Sobral 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2017,54(5):657-677
??The proper management of solid waste (SW) is a global environmental challenge. A major issue is the proper disposal of SW while balancing a wide range of criteria and working with different spatial data. In this study, we used geographic information system as a tool to perform multi-criteria decision analysis with an analytical hierarchy process to develop an environmental impact susceptibility model (EISM) for landfills. The model was applied to the state of California, USA and results are presented herein. In particular, the EISM considers factors such as geology, pedology, geomorphology, water resources, and climate as represented by 13 associated environmental indicators. The results of the EISM indicate that more than 75% of California’s territory is situated in areas with very low, low, and medium environmental impact susceptibility categories. However, in the remaining 25% of the state’s land, 61 landfills are located in the high and very high categories. These results are alarming because during the period from 2000 to 2015, these 61 landfills received approximately 308 million tons of SW, which corresponds to more than 57% of all SW disposed in California. The model results can be used toward mitigating the environmental impacts of these facilities. 相似文献
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