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941.
2016年11月25日,在新疆阿克陶县发生了MW6.6地震.本文利用Sentinel-1A宽幅数据和ALOS2精细数据获得了同震形变场,干涉形变场沿木吉断裂展布,显示本次地震破裂长度可达70 km,在地表形成两个形变中心,且震中东部形变场条纹密集而西部稀疏、影响范围广,跨断层剖面显示视线向最大形变量可达12 cm.利用一种结合先验知识的多视角最小二乘迭代分解法求解出地表的三维形变场,结果显示震中东部形变中心垂向向下运动最大可达20 cm,木吉断裂南侧西向运动可达10 cm,断层表现为右旋走滑兼具正断作用.采用前向模拟的方法确定二段式分段断层模型能够较好地恢复观测形变场,进而以InSAR观测数据为约束,基于弹性半空间形变模型采用两段非均匀断层滑动模型来反演断层面上的精细滑动值.反演结果显示本次地震可能为两次地震事件,发生在断层西段的第一次事件以右旋走滑为主,走向103°,倾角76°,滑动角-167°,震源深度10.1 km,累计地震矩为7.2×1018 N·M;东段的第二次事件为右旋走滑兼具正断作用,走向109°,倾角略缓约55°,滑动角-160°,震源深度5.3 km,累计地震矩7.76×1018 N·M.本次地震是一次发生在公格尔拉张系的拉张环境下的构造地震.
相似文献942.
M. Ramonet J. C. Le Roulley P. Bousquet P. Monfray 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1996,23(2):107-136
The aim of the 222Rn measurements during the airborne campaign TROPOZ II, was first to help in the interpretation of the photochemical studies, and secondly to furnish a data set of 222Rn in the troposphere, for validation of atmospheric transport models. In this paper we present the 222Rn measurements, and their simulation with a 3-D atmospheric transport model based on observed winds. The 222Rn was measured using the active daughters deposit technique with isokinetic aerosol sampling. We have obtained 44 measurements distributed between 65° North and 55° South, from 1 to 11 km height. In 25% of cases, we found relatively high concentrations (> 300 mBq·scm) of 222Rn in the high troposphere (>8 km). The results of 3D simulations and the calculations of back-trajectories allow us to find the origins of the high 222Rn concentrations. The transport model reproduced most of the observed synoptic variations, but it overestimates the concentrations which implies a vertical transport of excessive velocity. 相似文献
943.
ZHANGXiaohong LIUJingnan 《地球空间信息科学学报》2004,7(3):218-224
The error sources related to the laser rangefinder, GPS and INS are analyzed in details. Several coordinates systems used in airborne laser scanning are set up, and then the basic formula of system is given.This paper emphasizes on discussing the kinematic offset correction between GPS antenna phase center and laser fired point. And kinematic time delay influence on laser footprint position, the ranging errors, positioning errors, attitude errors and integration errors of the system are also explored. Finally, the result shows that thekinematic time delay can be neglected as compared with other error sources. The accuracy of the coordinates is not only influenced by the amplitude of the error, but also controlled by the operation parameters such as flight height, scanning angle amplitude and attitude magnitude of the platform. 相似文献
944.
2015年4月25日,在尼泊尔中部发生了Mw7.8地震.本文利用ALOS-2和SENTINEL-1A宽幅数据获取了该地震大范围的同震形变场,并反演了该地震断层破裂的几何特征及运动机制,继而以此为约束资料反演地震强地面运动.InSAR结果显示本次地震造成了巨大的地表形变,LOS向最大抬升量达到1.3 m,最大下沉量达到0.7 m.震源机制反演得到的最优的滑动分布模型表明,断层的走向为291°,倾角为7.6°,倾滑主要分布在深度为12~18 km范围,主倾滑分布范围在长度上达到了140 km,该范围内的平均倾滑角为95°.本次地震最大倾滑量达到5.3 m,位于深度15 km处.累计释放地震矩达 6.5×1020N·m,约合矩震级Mw7.8.该地震发生在印度与欧亚板块俯冲逆冲界面之间,发震构造推断为主喜马拉雅逆冲断裂,属于典型的喜马拉雅型——低角度逆断层型强震.以该滑动分布模型参数为基础利用随机振动的有限断层模型进行尼泊尔地震的强地面运动模拟,结果显示最大地震烈度为Ⅸ度,烈度分布的范围及烈度等级与USGS模型结果对比具有很高的符合度. 相似文献
945.
946.
Based on the working principle of satellite radars, the earthquake deformation field measured by interferometric synthetic aperture (InSAR) is the projection of ground displacement associated with the seismogenic fault in the line of sight (LOS) of the satellite. However, LOS projections are complex, and are not only related to the ascending/descending modes and incidence angles of SAR data, but also related to the strike and motion senses of the fault. Even for the same earthquake, the LOS deformation derived from different ascending/descending data can be almost identical in one case, but quite different in another case, which makes the interpretation of InSAR seismic deformation and its comparison with field observations difficult. In this study, we undertook a quantitative analysis of the relationships between LOS observation sensitivity of InSAR and fault strike, fault motion sense, and ascending/descending modes, as well as 3D deformation fields. We studied the features and differences of the LOS deformation fields in different types of earthquakes using ascending/descending modes, with a particularly detailed analysis of the relations for a strike-slip type of earthquake. We also summarized the characteristics of LOS deformation fields of faults with different strikes and optimal observational data modes. Taking the strike-slip Yushu earthquake and the normal Gaize event as examples, we used SAR data of the ascending/descending modes to verify the results of quantitative calculations. These analyses will not only provide a more reasonable interpretation of InSAR seismic deformation fields and but also help understand the differences of seismic deformation fields revealed by data with different observational modes, therefore promoting the application of InSAR technology in seismology. 相似文献
947.
948.
Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) can be considered as an efficient and cost effective technique for monitoring land subsidence due to its large spatial coverage and high accuracy provided. The recent commissioning of the first Sentinel-1 satellite offers improved support to operational surveys using DInSAR due to regular observations from a wide-area product. In this paper we show the results of an intermittent small-baseline subset (ISBAS) time-series analysis of 18 Interferometric Wide swath (IW) products of a 39,000 km2 area of Mexico acquired between 3 October 2014 and 7 May 2015 using the Terrain Observation with Progressive Scans in azimuth (TOPS) imaging mode. The ISBAS processing was based upon the analysis of 143 small-baseline differential interferograms. After the debursting, merging and deramping steps necessary to process Sentinel-1 IW products, the method followed a standard approach to the DInSAR analysis. The Sentinel-1 ISBAS results confirm the magnitude and extent of the deformation that was observed in Mexico City, Chalco, Ciudad Nezahualcóyotl and Iztapalapa by other C-band and L-band DInSAR studies during the 1990s and 2000s. Subsidence velocities from the Sentinel-1 analysis are, in places, in excess of −24 cm/year along the satellite line-of-sight, equivalent to over ∼40 cm/year vertical rates. This paper demonstrates the potential of Sentinel-1 IW TOPS imagery to support wide-area DInSAR surveys over what is a very large and diverse area in terms of land cover and topography. 相似文献
949.
为了研究复杂地电模型的航空瞬变电磁法全波形响应特征,需要开发考虑发射波形的三维数值模拟算法。本研究基于非结构四面体网格和位移逆Krylov子空间(Shift-and-Invert Krylov,简称SAI Krylov)方法,采用基于电偶极子离散的场源处理方法模拟场源,在时间域进行计算实现了全波形航空瞬变电磁法矢量有限元三维数值模拟。使用均匀半空间模型在阶跃波、半正弦波、三角波和梯形波激发下的全波形解析解、VTEM实际激发波形的后推欧拉算法计算结果,检验了本研究开发的数值模拟算法的正确性。设计地表起伏异常体模型,计算和分析了航空瞬变电磁响应特征。开发的基于位移逆Krylov子空间的全波形航空瞬变电磁法三维数值模拟算法适合模拟复杂地电模型的响应,具有较高的计算精度。 相似文献
950.