基于自适应峰值分解的广义局部频率时频分析方法

往复压缩机振动信号具有复杂的多源冲击特性,表现较强的非平稳性,传统的时频分析方法难以提取有效的故障特征.以傅氏变换为基础的传统频率概念和以希尔伯特变换为基础的瞬时频率概念存在固有缺陷,提出一种广义局部频率的概念,并结合自适应峰值分解方法,实现信号时频分布的构造途径;与HHT时频分析方法进行仿真对比,并应用到往复压缩机振动信号故障特征提取.结果表明,基于自适应峰值分解的广义局部频率方法有效揭示往复压缩机不同故障的多源冲击振动信号时频特征,为往复压缩机故障诊断提供一种新的手段.     

一种自适应匹配子空间亚像元目标探测方法

为了克服基于线性混合模型的高光谱遥感影像亚像元目标探测方法的缺陷, 提出了一种基于全限制性线性分解的自适应匹配子空间探测方法。首先利用交叉相关光谱匹配技术求得各个像元所含端元类别信息, 然后根据端元类别信息和全限制性分解的结果构造自适应匹配子空间探测算子, 利用端元类别信息在探测中动态选择端元, 降低端元数目估计偏差对探测结果的影响, 提高探测器对目标与背景的可分性。实验证明, 该方法与其他基于线性混合模型的亚像元目标探测方法相比, 可以更好地克服端元数目估计偏差对探测结果的影响, 无论是端元个数低估还是     

基于波束控制的卫星导航接收机抗干扰算法研究

卫星导航接收机抗干扰技术是接收机设计的一项关键技术。在研究基于功率反演的空域自适应抗干扰算法基础上,提出了采用基于波束控制的抗干扰算法,并进行了仿真计算,结果表明：该算法明显提高了接收机抗干扰性能。     

Explicit integration of a porosity‐dependent hydro‐mechanical model for unsaturated soils

An adaptive substepping explicit integration scheme is developed for a porosity‐dependent hydro‐mechanical model for unsaturated soils. The model is referred to as the modified σ –Θ model in this paper, which features the employment of the subloading surface plasticity and the stress–saturation approach. On numerical aspects, convex/nonconvex subloading surfaces in the σ –Θ space may result in incorrect loading–unloading decisions during the integration. A new loading–unloading decision method is developed here to solve the problem and then embedded into the explicit integration scheme for the modified σ –Θ model. In addition, to enhance the accuracy of the explicit integration, local errors from both hydraulic and mechanical components are included in the error control for each substep. A drift correction method is also developed to ensure the state point lies on the subloading surface in the σ –Θ space within a set error level. The performance of the loading–unloading decision method for the modified σ –Θ model is discussed through comparing it with the conventional loading–unloading decision method. The importance of involving the hydraulic component in the error control is also demonstrated. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed adaptive substepping explicit integration scheme for the modified p–Θ model are also studied via several numerical examples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A comparison of single‐run pushover analysis techniques for seismic assessment of bridges

Traditional pushover analysis is performed subjecting the structure to monotonically increasing lateral forces with invariant distribution until a target displacement is reached; both the force distribution and target displacement are hence based on the assumption that the response is controlled by a fundamental mode, that remains unchanged throughout. However, such invariant force distributions cannot account for the redistribution of inertia forces caused by structural yielding and the associated changes in the vibration properties, including the increase of higher‐mode participation. In order to overcome such drawbacks, but still keep the simplicity of using single‐run pushover analysis, as opposed to multiple‐analyses schemes, adaptive pushover techniques have recently been proposed. In order to investigate the effectiveness of such new pushover schemes in assessing bridges subjected to seismic action, so far object of only limited scrutiny, an analytical parametric study, conducted on a suite of continuous multi‐span bridges, is carried out. The study seems to show that, with respect to conventional pushover methods, these novel single‐run approaches can lead to the attainment of improved predictions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于启发式图搜索的遥感影像道路半自动提取

启发式图搜索法用于线状目标识别的原理是：用图结构表示边缘点和边缘段，根据启发函数计算顶点权值，在图的路径上建立相应的代价函数，通过在图中搜索对应的最小代价的通道以找到最优路径。图搜索法是一种全局最优方法，它在受噪声影响较大时效果仍然较好。文中使用了启发式图搜索法（A*算法）实现了道路的半自动跟踪。它的基本思路是：首先利用自适应平滑滤波算子进行道路信息增强，然后对传统的道路数学模型进行了进一步的扩展，突出了对道路几何特性和辐射特性的描述，并依此构建图搜索的代价函数，实现了基于启发式图搜索法A*算法的道路半自动跟踪。经实验证明，该方法进行遥感影像的道路半自动提取效果较好。     

基于自适应四叉树分割的遥感图像压缩算法

遥感图像具有不同于一般图像的特点,针对遥感图像对压缩算法的特殊要求,提出了自适应四叉树分割算法实现图像的分块,以各像块的均值近似表示该像块的灰度值,从而以尺量少的数值获得对原始图像的最佳逼近,再对辐近误差进行自适应分割和基于像块方差的自适应量化,最后对各分量进行Huffman编码.实验表明,本算法能表现出良好的实用性能,比JPEG算法更适用于遥感图像的压缩.     

Deriving rules from activity diary data: A learning algorithm and results of computer experiments

 Activity-based models consider travel as a derived demand from the activities households need to conduct in space and time. Over the last 15 years, computational or rule-based models of activity scheduling have gained increasing interest in time-geography and transportation research. This paper argues that a lack of techniques for deriving rules from empirical data hinders the further development of rule-based systems in this area. To overcome this problem, this paper develops and tests an algorithm for inductively deriving rules from activity-diary data. The decision table formalism is used to exhaustively represent the theoretically possible decision rules that individuals may use in sequencing a given set of activities. Actual activity patterns of individuals are supplied to the system as examples. In an incremental learning process, the system progressively improves on the selection of rules used for reproducing the examples. Computer experiments based on simulated data are performed to fine-tune rule selection and rule value update functions. The results suggest that the system is effective and fairly robust for parameter settings. It is concluded, therefore, that the proposed approach opens up possibilities to derive empirically tested rule-based models of activity scheduling. Follow-up research will be concerned with testing the system on empirical data. Received: 31 January 2001 / Accepted: 13 September 2001     

电磁波层析成像在绵阳污水处理工程场地勘探中的应用

电磁波层析成像(CT)是一种新的地球物理勘探方法，不仅勘探精度高，而且还具有快速、省钱的优点，本文叙述了电磁波层析成像技术的基本原理、工作方法及污水处理工程场地的勘探实例。最终以二维图像的形式直观、清晰地重现地下介质的构造形态，为工程场地地基安全稳定性评价提供重要依据。     

生态区评价研究的兴起与发展——以美国森林生态系统管理评价(FEMAT)研究为例

生态区评价是近年来出现在美国的一种新型区域生态系统管理方法的理论与实践科学研究,起始于美国总统森林会议(1993)后成立的森林生态系统管理评价组(FEMAT),目标是实现地区生态系统的科学管理.本文评介了生态区评价首项案例--美国西北太平洋沿岸区原始森林及其他各类森林经营管理方案的生态、经济、社会影响综合评价的科学与方法实践意义.指出FEMAT的生态区评价:1)迈出了生态区评价历史上坚实的第一步,实现了区域土地利用规划与生态系统管理方案从以行政疆域为准划分向以生态区域为准划定边界的转变;2)方案优化过程充分考虑区域生态、经济、社会的历史、现状与未来趋势等各方面,将科学、政策、管理融为一体,使之易于在实践中贯彻;3)促进了不同政府机构和利益团体间为实现资源开发与生态保育双重目标而共同协作.