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181.
182.
针对传统的最小生成树聚类算法存在使用全局不变阈值确定噪声边,聚类需要用户根据经验确定初始化聚类参数,如“边权值倍数容差”,“边长变化因子”等,聚类不能发现局部噪声的问题,本文提出了一种改进的最小生成树自适应空间点聚类算法。该算法在无需用户输入参数的前提下,克服主观因素的影响,根据最小生成树边长的数理统计特征定义裁剪因子。算法首先从宏观层面对最小生成树进行首轮删枝操作,消除全局环境下的噪声边,进而根据各子树的边长统计情况,自适应设定局部裁剪因子,进行第二轮删枝操作,消除局部环境下的噪声边。最后,采用1个模拟数据和1个实际应用验证算法的有效性,结果表明本文提出的改进算法在无需人为提供经验参数的环境下能够发现任意形状、不同密度的簇,能够准确的识别出空间点中的噪声数据,从而能够实现空间点数据背后隐藏信息的自动挖掘。 相似文献
183.
在总结分析现有整治水位确定方法的基础上,根据潮流界以下河段的水沙运动特性,本文提出一种基于输沙能力的航道整治水位确定方法。考虑上游来水、下游潮汐为独立事件,统计潮流界以下河段上游来水、下游潮汐不同等级组合出现的频率,采用数学模型计算相应组合下河段沿程的潮位、流速过程,以流速四次方代表水流的输沙能力,统计不同潮位等级对应的综合净输沙能力,确定最大综合净输沙能力对应的水位为(最优)航道整治水位。以长江下游白茆沙水道和福姜沙水道为例,计算了所在河段的航道整治水位,并探讨了起动流速对整治水位计算的影响和最高整治水位概念对工程的意义。 相似文献
184.
Considering the current disadvantages of present offshore wind turbine foundations, a novel anchor foundation with skirt and branches is proposed, called offshore umbrella suction anchor foundation (USAF). A series of experiments and numerical simulations were performed to explore the bearing capacity of the USAF under various kinds of loading modes. The bearing characteristics and the anchor–soil interactions are described in detail for horizontal static loading, horizontal cyclic loading, and an antidrawing (pullout) test in silty soil. In the static loading test, the load–deflection of the anchor under step loading was analyzed and the normalized curve of the load–deflection was obtained to determine the ultimate horizontal bearing capacity of the anchor under normal working conditions. Under horizontal cyclic loading, the relationship between the plastic cumulative deformation and cyclic number was determined. In addition, the responses of USAF were investigated for a low wave frequency and storm surges. In the drawing test, it was found that a “segmentation phenomenon” occurred during the test. Moreover, a method to identify the maximum antidrawing load of USAF was provided based on dynamic mechanics. The numerical results show that the use of anchor branches and skirt can enhance the bearing performance of USAF to a certain degree. However, the anchor branch has a slight positive influence on the bearing performance improvement. The USAF is not only similar to a stiff short pile, but a rotation occurs. The failure envelope under composite loading (V-M) was obtained and the changes associated with changes in the aspect ratio of the internal compartment were clarified. 相似文献
185.
Monopod caisson foundation is a viable alternative for supporting offshore wind turbines located at shallow water depths. This foundation system has to resist overturning moment generated due to resultant lateral load, arising from wind and water wave action, that can act at any loading height above the seabed. This paper presents results of a numerical investigation performed to determine the influence of loading height, caisson geometry and superstructure load on the ultimate lateral capacity, initial stiffness, and soil failure zone of the foundation, when installed in very dense sand. Both the ultimate and serviceable states of the caisson foundation obtained from the analyses are represented in terms of envelopes plotted between lateral load and overturning moment. Simplified expressions, which take into account the influence of caisson geometry, loading height, and soil properties, are also presented to serve as a preliminary base for design of the monopod caisson foundation. 相似文献
186.
西南岩溶地下水资源开发利用效应与潜力分析 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
西南岩溶地区面积78万km2,地下水系统包括裸露岩溶水系统和覆盖-埋藏型岩溶水系统两大类。由于降水丰富、地下岩溶发育,西南岩溶地下水资源丰富,在43万km2调查区内,具有地下水天然资源量1762.82×108m3/a,岩溶地下水允许开采资源量615.70×108m3/a。近年来,通过开展水文地质调查,在地下河、表层岩溶水和蓄水构造岩溶水打井开采方面均取得重要进展,产生了显著的经济和生态环境效应。但由于西南地区岩溶水开发难度大,区域经济落后,西南岩溶地下水的开发利用程度普遍较低,已开采量为98.32×108m3/a,仅占允许开采量的15.97%,剩余地下水潜力资源量517.38×108m3/a。 相似文献
187.
188.
东海陆扰海域铜、铅、锌、镉重金属排海通量及海洋环境容量估算 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
汇总并分析了20世纪80年代初以来东海陆扰海域重金属排海通量年变化规律及主要来源,应用多介质海洋环境中重金属迁移-转化模型,估算了东海陆扰海域重金属海洋环境容量。20世纪80年代初以来,东海陆扰海域铜、铅、锌、镉排海总量整体上呈不对称的倒"U"形变化趋势,基本符合"环境库兹涅茨曲线",20世纪90年代达到最大值,当前排海总量仍高于20世纪80年代初期的水平。东海陆扰海域铜、铅、锌、镉污染物主要来源于以河流为主的陆源排放,其中88.0%左右来源于河流排放,7.5%左右来源于排污口,只有4.5%左右来源于大气沉降。长江流域排海通量占东海陆扰海域排海总量的比例最大,平均为92.4%左右,钱塘江流域平均只有3.9%左右,闽江流域平均只有3.7%左右。东海陆扰海域铜、铅、锌、镉污染物海洋环境容量分别约为17.0,4.7,113.1,0.71 kt/a。当前铅、锌、镉污染物排海总量没有超过东海陆扰海域海洋环境容量,但铜的排海总量超过其海洋环境容量大约8%。 相似文献
189.
Ecosystem based management takes into account the interconnectedness and interdependent nature of ecosystem components and emphasizes the importance of ecosystem structures and functions which provide a range of services. The concept has now been adopted by many international agreements and national governments and is in the process of being implemented. This paper seeks to review the literature and to analyze the understanding of the subject. The term is defined and its implementation in fisheries and for all marine uses is analyzed. It has been concluded that to understand marine ecosystem based management one must consider ecosystems as complex adaptive systems which can show changes at higher levels from actions and processes occurring at lower levels. Recognizing that humans are part of these complex adaptive systems is vital in that their actions along with other processes can lead to transformations in ecosystem functioning. This recognition is also important to show how society can sustainably exploit these resources and that the inclusion of all stakeholders in the management process is necessary to legitimize the process. The uses of the precautionary principle along with adaptive management are seen to be useful tools in implementing these insights into the management of natural resources. Finally, the need for reducing consumption of fish is considered. 相似文献
190.
根据2006—2007年期间在珠江口八大口门进行的丰水期大、中、小潮3个航次、平水期和枯水期各1个航次的全潮同步水文观测资料,分析了八大口门的潮流特性、涨落潮通量等特征,并建立了逐时潮差与流量的相关关系。在丰水期小潮期间,八大口门受强热带风暴"碧利斯"带来的强降雨的影响,潮流特性、断面流量等水文特征出现较大的变化,逐时潮差与流量的相关关系与其他航次相比表现出不同的规律。在无强径流影响下,逐时潮差与流量的相关关系用线性方程拟合,相关性较好;但在强径流影响下,则采用二次多项式拟合较为合适,且拟合曲线的左右侧表现出涨、落潮过程的区别。 相似文献