Late Holocene climates of the Near East deduced from Dead Sea level variations and modern regional winter rainfall

The Dead Sea is a terminal lake of one of the largest hydrological systems in the Levant and may thus be viewed as a large rain gauge for the region. Variations of its level are indicative of the climate variations in the region. Here, we present the decadal- to centennial-resolution Holocene lake-level curve of the Dead Sea. Then we determine the regional hydroclimatology that affected level variations. To achieve this goal we compare modern natural lake-level variations and instrumental rainfall records and quantify the hydrology relative to lake-level rise, fall, or stability. To quantify that relationship under natural conditions, rainfall data pre-dating the artificial Dead Sea level drop since the 1960s are used. In this respect, Jerusalem station offers the longest uninterrupted pre-1960s rainfall record and Jerusalem rains serve as an adequate proxy for the Dead Sea headwaters rainfall. Principal component analysis indicates that temporal variations of annual precipitation in all stations in Israel north of the current 200 mm yr⁻¹ average isohyet during 1940–1990 are largely synchronous and in phase (70% of the total variance explained by PC1). This station also represents well northern Jordan and the area all the way to Beirut, Lebanon, especially during extreme drought and wet spells. We (a) determine the modern, and propose the past regional hydrology and Eastern Mediterranean (EM) climatology that affected the severity and length of droughts/wet spells associated with multiyear episodes of Dead Sea level falls/rises and (b) determine that EM cyclone tracks were different in average number and latitude in wet and dry years in Jerusalem. The mean composite sea level pressure and 500-mb height anomalies indicate that the potential causes for wet and dry episodes span the entire EM and are rooted in the larger-scale northern hemisphere atmospheric circulation. We also identified remarkably close association (within radiocarbon resolution) between climatic changes in the Levant, reflected by level changes, and culture shifts in this region.     

地热资源探测方法研究进展

地热资源将成为未来一种重要的生态型资源，具有巨大的市场潜力，地热资源的研究与利用历史比较悠久，其探测方法与技术也处于不断的革新过程中，本文总结了地热资源探测的方法与技术及其进展情况，并探讨了利用3S技术和计算机技术的融合在地热资源探测中的应用情况及发展前景。     

Numerical Simulation of Drag Partition over Rough Surfaces

We present a numerical simulation of drag partition over rough surfaces. A computational fluid dynamics model is applied with high resolution to simulatingturbulent flows over arrays of roughness elements positioned on asmooth surface. The skin drag on the surface and the pressure drag on the roughnesselements are computed. The simulated drag partition compares well with wind-tunnelmeasurements and theoretical estimates for similar rough surfaces. This confirms that the computational approach offers an alternative to wind-tunnel and field experiments in studying drag and drag partition. The model is then applied to studying drag partition over rough surfaces with various roughness configurations. It is shown that drag partition depends not only on the magnitude of the roughness frontal area but also on the sizes and arrangement of roughness elements, because (1) the pressure drag coefficient is sensitive to roughness-element dimensions and (2) the arragement of roughness elements lead to different interferences of turbulent wakes. The impact ofthe latter factor is not insignificant.     

地震层析成像在水利水电工程地质勘察中的应用

水利水电工程地质勘察是水利水电工程建设中的基础工作。地震层析成像技术作为一种新的物探方法，通过工程中孔，碉间地质条件的探测，进而评价大坝建筑物的工程地质条件是一种有效的手段。本文介绍了乌江构皮滩水利枢纽的应用效果。     

福建沿海农村风能资源的开发利用

在调查基础，论述开发了风能资源的意义，并对福建沿海农村风能量资源进行了评价，提出了开发农村风能的措施。     

包头市工业资源的生态开发利用与持续发展

本文从生态经济和持续发展的观点出发，论述了包头市工业资源的优势与劣势，指出发展的根本出路在于对工业资源的生态开发和持续发展，对工业资源的生态开发和无围绕太 导产业群本进行，文章分别指出农产品加工业，能源工业，材料工业和机械工业的资源生态开发和问题，并提出其共同的指导性措施。     

山水风景旅游资源开发利用研究

风景是旅游资源的精华和主体，山水风景作为风景的主体，在旅游开发中既是主要的观赏客体，又起到风景总特征基本骨架作用。山水风景旅游资源开发潜力很大，以山水风景观察游鉴为主要目的旅游仍然是当前和今后旅游活动的基本形式。     

新疆地表水资源对亚洲中部未来气候变化的响应

在未来的亚洲中中气候变冷过程中，从咸海干涸海底和卡拉博加戈尔湾等等内陆湖泊和地区吹起的盐粒，农田排出的农药残余物，尘埃微粒等－固态大陆型气溶胶具有主要的作用。在这一过程中，环流及该区域的生物系统对气候的变化可能起着相反的影响。     

市场经济导向下肇庆地区土地资源合理开发利用

市场经济的基本模式，是以效率为特色，兼顾市场，政府和社会作用“三位一体”的模式，本文从这一角度出发，分析了肇庆地区在市场经济导向下，尤其在珠江三角洲市场的作用下区域土地资源的开发利用优势，在此基础上探讨了区域土地资源的开发利用原则，方向与途径，并提出相应的实施措施。     

中国金银矿产资源现状成矿环境及开发前景

中国金银矿产具有类型齐全的共同特点，其资源和开发前景表现为金矿优于银矿。金矿成矿环境有利，成矿时代及资源分布广泛。但是，储量在１００吨以上的超大型矿床不多，富矿少，资源利用程度高，且浪费严重，存在重开发、轻勘查等问题。银矿虽然是世界上资源丰富的国家之一，但仍然是我国资源保证程度较低的矿种之一，也存在特大型矿床少、探明储量不足的问题。