雨雪冰冻天气多普勒雷达产品特征

2008年1月下旬至2月上旬福建省西部北部出现了历史罕见的雨雪冰冻灾害。利用多普勒雷达反射率、回波顶高、径向速度、垂直风廓线等产品对此次雨雪冰冻天气进行特征分析,通过分析发现:①冰晶和雪的回波强度通常比连续性降水回波弱,在反射率图上,回波表现为边缘毛松,丝缕状纹理结构明显,边缘模糊不清,没有确定的边界;②回波顶高和零度层较低,因为垂直方向大气相对较稳定,不利于对流发展,降水粒子没有发展到高空;③在径向速度图上存在牛眼,说明在低空有急流存在。在低层有环形的零速度线,中高层的零速度线为倒“S“形,表明低层有风切变存在,中高层有冷平流;④风廓线图上高层为西南风,中层为西北风,低层为西南风,近地层为东北风。说明从近地层到高层为“冷-暖-冷-暖“的层结结构,有利于冻雨天气形成。     

山东半岛一次区域性连续暴雨过程分析

本文对2007年8月10～12日山东半岛连续3日的区域性暴雨天气过程进行了分析。环流形势分析表明:热带系统的水汽条件、西风带弱冷空气的抬升条件和副热带高压边缘的不稳定层结条件,共同作用形成了这次明显的暴雨天气;能量场和物理量场分析得出:强降水发生前,山东半岛都存在36℃以上的K指数高能舌和大于60℃的θse高能舌区,对强降水的预报具有一定的指导意义;雷达分析表明:第一阶段的强降水是强风暴引起的,其中尺度系统是飑线和中尺度雨带,当中尺度系统发生合并时,都能使降水强度得到提升;在弱对流降水阶段,当东海低压和低层切变线发生叠加时,能使降水强度大大增强。     

美贸易保护主义条款引争议 “购买美国货”才能救市吗

1月28日,美国众议院通过经济刺激计划时的一项附加条款规定,部分救援资金只能“购买美国货”,任何基础设施项目要获得刺激方案的资金支持,所使用钢铁产品必须为美国生产。     

深化土地使用制度改革规范土地市场建设

一、深化土地使用制度改革,规范土地市场建设的根本措施 1．深化土地使用制度改革,规范土地市场建设是盘活存量土地资产的有效途径 深化土地使用制度改革,规范土地市场建设,使土地资产逐步盘活,实现了土地的资产价值,在土地市场建设中发挥了应有的效应。当前我国正进行经济结构特别是产业结构和产品结构的调整,这些调整势必关系到或者直接涉及到土地利用结构的调整,要适应这个大趋势,抓住机遇,在经济结构调整中,通过深化土地使用制度改革,规范土地使用制度改革,规范土地市场建设,优化用地结构。     

Growth and feed efficiency of juvenile shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei fed formulated diets containing different levels of poultry by-product meal

This feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the potential of poultry by-product meal (PBM) as a protein source in the culture ofLitopenaeus vannamei. Seven isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to near to commercial diet with about 40% protein and 7.5% lipid. Fish meal was replaced by 0, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% and 100% of PBM (diets 1-7). The diet with 100% fish meal was used as a control (diet 1). Post-larvae were reared in an indoor semi-closed re-circulating system. Each dietary treatment was tested in 4 replicate tanks (260 L) of 40 shrimp, arranged in a completely randomized design. The shrimps were hand-fed for three times a day to near-satiation (0700, 1200 and 1800) for 60d. Percentage weight gain, survival, feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and body composition of shrimps were measured. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in growth performance among shrimps fed diets 1-5 (0-60% fish meal replacement). However, shrimps fed diet 7 (100% fish meal replacement) had significantly lower (P<0.05) growth than those fed diets 1-5 (0-60% fish meal replacement). Shrimp fed diets 2-4 (30%-50% fish meal replacement) showed significantly higher growth than those fed diets 6 and 7 (70% and 100% fish meal replacement, respectively). Survival ranged from 94.7% to 100.0% and did not differ significantly (P>0.05) among different experimental diets. No differences in body composition were found among shrimps fed different diets. These results showed that up to 70% of fish meal protein can be replaced by PBM without adversely affecting the growth, survival, FCR, PER and body composition of Litopenaeus vannamei.     

煤的形成过程

煤,早在800年前就被广泛用作工业生产的燃料,推动了当时工业的向前发展,随之发展起煤炭、钢铁、化工、采矿、冶金等工业。煤在地球上的储量丰富,除了作为燃料以取得热量和动能以外,更为重要的是从中制取冶金用的焦炭和制取人造石油,即煤的低温干馏的液体产品——煤焦油。经过化学加工,从煤炭中能制造出成千上万种化学产品,所以它又是一种非常重要的化工原料,我国相当多的中、小氮肥厂都以煤炭作原料生产化肥。煤也被人们誉为“黑色的金子”。     

Analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons in mangrove sediments of Red Sea of Yemen

A field work has been carried out to identify the occurrence of oil and oil products pollution in mangrove sediment from Red Sea of Yemen. The concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbons is from 700 ng/g at Kamaran Island station to 400 ng/g at Al-Hodiedah station, and the total organic carbon ( TOC) in samples ranges from 0.07% at Dhubab station to 0.03% at Kamaran Island station. This pollution is as a result of localized oil pollution and /or heavy ship traffic in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.     

基层台站关于温带气旋诱发风暴潮的预报与检验

本文利用地转风计算公式、增水公式和日本数值预报产品相结合的方法,计算由温带气旋诱发渤海湾风暴湖时的增水值,并结合天文湖资料,估算高潮位.应用该预报方法对渤海湾发生的"070304"风暴潮个例进行检验,预报值与实测值基本相当,是基层台站较实用的一种风暴潮预报方法.但此方法是否适用干其它造成风暴湖的影响系统有待于进一步求证.风暴潮的发生与风向、风速关系密切,一般当渤海湾盛行东北风或偏东风,且风向维持时间较长、风速较大时,易造成风暴潮的天气.日本数值预报产品对渤海风向、风速的预报对预报渤海的大风有较好的参考价值.     

Analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons in mangrove sediments of Red Sea of Yemen

A field work has been carried out to identify the occurrence of oil and oil products pollution in mangrove sediment from Red Sea of Yemen. The concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbons is from 700ng/g at Kamaran Island station to 400 ng/g at Al-Hodiedah station, and the total organic carbon （TOC） in samples ranges from 0. 07% at Dhubab station to 0. 03% at Kamaran Island station. This pollution is as a result of localized oil pollution and/or heavy ship traffic in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.     

基于时空特征分析技术的烤烟GIS系统

本文分析了烤烟信息系统对烤烟种植、生产和销售的重要作用,构建系统的必要性和应用需求,并在.NET框架下,利用ArcEngine和ArcSDE,以C/S结构实现该系统。介绍了系统的结构和功能:包括地图服务、烤烟信息查询统计和烤烟地理信息时空分析和决策支持。同时,讨论了实现该系统的关键技术,包括时空数据库、时空序列的烤烟时空事件分析模型、Web服务等。时空数据包括业务数据和行政区数据两类,对于行政区,除了需要记录行政区的生命周期外,还需记录行政区变更事件,通过行政区变更事件表查询行政区撤消、合并等事件后的业务数据,进而实现时空分析。系统的实现对促进烤烟生产信息化有重积极意义。