台风“麦莎”移动路径及其内部热力结构的诊断分析

利用NCEP再分析资料,采用带通滤波处理技术,对0509号台风“麦莎”的活动过程进行研究,将原始场进行尺度分离。分为大尺度场和次天气尺度场,在大尺度场中,分析对此次台风移动路径有直接影响的系统,重点说明“麦莎”路径发生第一次转折中有直接影响的系统,是副热带高压位置及其形状的变化;并利用台风系统内部热力结构特征分析表明：...     

风暴潮数值模拟中风应力拖曳系数的伴随法反演研究

借助伴随同化方法,利用实测水位资料,对空间分布的风应力拖曳系数做了反演研究.假定风应力拖曳系数具有空间分布特征,即在模拟海区中均匀选取一些独立点,利用这些独立点的风应力拖曳系数线性插值得到全场的风应力拖曳系数.同化实验结果表明,采用空间分布的风应力拖曳系数得到的模拟结果,明显优于将风应力拖曳系数取为常数和依照经验公式计...     

The effect of typhoon induced rainfall on settling fluxes of particles and organic carbon in Yuanyang Lake, subtropical Taiwan

A sediment-trap monitoring program measured the fluxes of settling particles and organic carbon in Yuanyang Lake, northern Taiwan, from July 2004 to July 2006 and assessed their relations to the amounts of normal monthly and typhoon-event precipitation. The flux of settling particles varied from 0.7 mg cm^?2 month^?1 to 14.7 mg cm^?2 month^?1, and the monthly precipitation ranged from 56 mm to 1218 mm during the survey period. The contributions from typhoon-event precipitation to monthly rainfall amounts were generally larger than 70%. Higher inputs of both particulate and organic carbon into the lake were found during typhoon seasons. Of the annual settling particle loading of 14.9 tons year^?1 to the lake floor, 69% occurred during the typhoon months, and 62% of the annual organic carbon loading of 2.3 tons year^?1 happened during the typhoon months. These results show the importance of typhoon events on the fluxes of settling particles and organic carbon and their delivery to lakes.     

影响河南的登陆台风分析

统计了1949－1998年从闽、浙登陆台风的气候特及河南省台风暴雨概况，并利用天气学方法对台风登陆后的移动路径进行了概括和分析，以期为灾类台风的降水预报提供参考。     

"莫拉克"台风引起的滑坡泥石流灾害HJ-1图像遥感监测研究

利用HJ-1星2009年"莫拉克"台风前后获取的2个时相图像,通过去相关拉伸 (Decorrelation Stretch)、光谱信息增强和最大似然法分类提取滑坡、泥石流区域,并结合TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission)卫星降雨量数据和DEM (Digital Elevat...     

WRF模式中微物理和积云对流参数化方案对台风“莫拉克”模拟敏感性分析

基于WRF模式,研究了不同微物理和积云对流参数化方案对0908号台风"莫拉克"的路径移动、强度变化和降水过程模拟的敏感性。结果显示,积云对流参数化方案对台风"莫拉克"的路径和强度模拟起主导作用,采用Kain-Fritsch积云对流方案模拟的72 h平均路径误差较小;降水量的模拟主要取决于微物理参数化方案,而降水分布的好坏更依赖于积云对流参数化方案,而采用Thompson微物理和Grell-Devenyi积云对流方案的试验导致累积降水极值的偏干误差较大。积云对流方案对环境场和潜热释放模拟存在差异,导致路径和强度、温度廓线和垂直运动的模拟结果不同,而微物理方案对不同相态降水粒子的垂直分布结构模拟存在差异,从而导致降水模拟的差别。此外,由不同试验构造的集合平均能减少单个成员模拟路径和降水的不确定性,特别在强降水方面能减小空报数和漏报数,提高TS评分,改善模拟效果。     

石花形恐龙幻迹：中国重庆綦江区下白垩统夹关组的罕见遗迹化石

在中国重庆綦江区虎山足迹点发现了2个大型恐龙天然足模化石,化石赋存于砂质富集的夹关组的一悬崖底面。它们属于罕见的幻迹,同类足迹也发现于韩国和北美白垩系足迹点。放射状、同心及半脆性形变使这些幻迹具有切断状或网状外观,有时呈现出类似裂断花或菜花的形态。这正是当地“石头开花”民间传说的来源。这些特征表明,造迹者必然是恐龙,同时也清晰地展现了其外形态学特征。     

An Important Ornithischian Tracksite in the Early Jurassic of the Shenmu Region,Shaanxi, China

A large track site with multiple,well-preserved trackways of an Early Jurassic quadrupedal ornithischian dinosaur is the first report of Moyenisauripus-like trackways from Asia,herein named Shenmuichnu...     

西沙海域内潮与近惯性内波的相互作用

通过使用西沙海域锚定潜标的测流数据,分析了距浣熊台风路径100 km处海流受浣熊台风影响前后的动能谱、旋转谱和流剪切谱,从而阐明近惯性波,以及近惯性波与全日内潮波的相互作用机制.台风浣熊之后所引起的近惯性波主要在上250 m较强,其能量是普通风场所引起的40倍.近惯性波的能量向下传播至450 m左右,与此同时,强的近惯性流的剪切驱动着惯性波与全日内潮波之间的相互作用,从而产生强的近惯性波与全日内波的耦合波(f+D₁).此三波耦合机制为Davies的波波相互作用理论提供了观测依据,同时,近惯性内波与全日内潮波之间的非线性相互作用,揭示了南海近惯性波能量耗散的一种机制.     

An Observational Study of Typhoon Imbudo in 2003

Typhoon Imbudo was a super-typhoon over the northwestern Pacific in 2003. It caused tremendous damage when it made landfalls in the Philippines and China. This paper documents observational analyses of Typhoon Imbudo during its landfall in China. All available observations are used to study its motion, intensity changes, convection, structure and precipitation. Best-track data indicate that Imbudo moved west-northwestward until 1800 UTC 23 July and then turned northwestward. FNL （final） analysis data show that the motion of Imbudo is dominated by changes of the subtropical high. At Imbudo＇s mature stage, the minimum sea level pressure dropped to 910 hPa and the maximum sustained winds were as high as 67 m s^-1, which is the intensity of a super-typhoon. The surface wind field exhibited asymmetric characteristics. Polar-orbiting satellite imagery also manifested convective asymmetry before Imbudo made landfall in China. Analyzed the vertical wind shear, it is shown that the convection has a downshear-left pattern. All kinds of precipitation data were used to identify the asymmetric characteristic of the rainfall associated with the Imbudo. The maximum rainfalls were located in the southern boundary area between Guangxi and Guangdong. However, the lack of in situ observations limited further analyses of this typhoon.