基于遥感和GIS的哈尔滨城区热岛效应研究

本文利用遥感和GIS技术对LandsatETM 热红外遥感数据进行处理,反演市区的地面亮温,并进行正规化处理和等级划分,研究城市热岛的时空变化规律和温度场的空间分布规律,揭示城市热岛效应空间格局。通过对哈尔滨市区热岛效应分析,可以确定城区内热岛效应的分布及监测城市化进程,为城市热环境质量评价和热源调查提供准确、丰富的信息。     

成都市城市热岛特征初探

本文利用1986年夏季、1987年冬季市区观测资料和郊区气象站气候资料,分析了成都市热岛特征、热岛强度随时间的变化及绿化对城市小气候的影响。     

Interdecadal variability of the South China Sea monsoon and its relationship with latent heat flux in the Pacific Ocean

We analyzed interdecadal variability of the South China Sea monsoon and its relationship with latent heat flux in the Pacific Ocean, using NCEP wind field and OAFlux heat flux datasets. Results indicate that South China Sea monsoon intensity had an obvious interdecadal variation with a decreasing trend. Variability of the monsoon was significantly correlated with latent heat flux in the Kuroshio area and tropical Pacific Ocean. Variability of latent heat flux in the Kuroshio area had an interdecadal increasing trend, while that in the tropical Pacific Ocean had an interdecadal decreasing trend. Latent heat flux variability in these two sea areas was used to establish a latent heat flux index, which had positive correlation with variability of the South China Sea monsoon. When the latent heat flux was 18 months ahead of the South China Sea monsoon, the correlation coefficient maximized at 0.58 (N=612), with a 99.9% significance level of 0.15. Thus, it is suggested that latent heat flux variability in the two areas contributes greatly to interdecadal variability of the South China Sea monsoon.     

基于HJ-1B/IRS的重庆市热岛效应监测应用

本文利用MODIS数据反演大气透射率,利用HJ-1B/CCD进行分类,并反演地表比辐射率.在此基础上,借鉴单窗算法,利用HJ-1B/IRS数据反演得到地表温度,并利用MODIS温度产品对反演结果进行了初步验证.最后利用热场变异指数进一步分析重庆的热岛空间分布特征,并对NDVI与NDBI对热岛效应的影响进行了分析.其结论...     

Heat calculation and numerical simulation in steam mining of permafrost gas hydrate

Steam mining method was injecting hot steam into the borehole to heat the hydrate strata at the same time of depressurization mining,which could promote further decomposition and expand mining areas of gas hydrate. Steam heat calculation would provide the basis for the design of heating device and the choice of the field test parameters. There were piping heat loss in the process of mining. The heat transfer of steam flowing in the pipe was steady,so the heat loss could be obtained easily by formula calculation. The power of stratum heating should be determined by numerical simulation for the process of heating was dynamic and the equations were usually nonlinear. The selected mining conditions were 500-millimeter mining radius,10 centigrade mining temperature and 180 centigrade steam temperature. Heat loss and best heating power,obtained by formula calculation and numerical simulation,were 21. 35 W/m and 20 kW.     

波纹开缝翅片管换热器传热与流动性的数值模拟

提出一种波纹开缝翅片管换热器,对其传热与流动特性进行三维数值模拟,选择Re范围在1 000到5 000时与平板开缝翅片的模拟相比较。结果表明,在Re小于2 752时,平板开缝比波纹开缝的换热效果好,而Re大于2 752时,波纹开缝比平板开缝换热效果更好,并且波纹开缝翅片管换热器的流动阻力小于平板开缝,因此,Re大于2 752时波纹开缝比平板开缝综合效果更好。     

Modeling Arctic Ocean heat transport and warming episodes in the 20th century caused by the intruding Atlantic Water

This study investigates the Arctic Ocean warming episodes in the 20th century using both a high-resolution coupled global climate model and historical observations. The model, with no flux adjustment, reproduces well the Atlantic Water core temperature （AWCT） in the Arctic Ocean and shows that four largest decadalscale warming episodes occurred in the 1930s, 70s, 80s, and 90s, in agreement with the hydrographic observational data. The difference is that there was no pre-warming prior to the 1930s episode, while there were two pre-warming episodes in the 1970s and 80s prior to the 1990s, leading the 1990s into the largest and prolonged warming in the 20th century. Over the last century, the simulated heat transport via Fram Strait and the Barents Sea was estimated to be, on average, 31.32 TW and 14.82 TW, respectively, while the Bering Strait also provides 15.94 TW heat into the west- ern Arctic Ocean. Heat transport into the Arctic Ocean by the Atlantic Water via Fram Strait and the Barents Sea correlates significantly with AWCT （ C = 0.75 ） at 0- lag. The modeled North Atlantic Oscillation （NAO） index has a significant correlation with the heat transport （ C = 0.37 ）. The observed AWCT has a significant correlation with both the modeled AWCT （ C =0.49） and the heat transport （ C =0.41 ）. However, the modeled NAO index does not significantly correlate with either the observed AWCT （ C = 0.03 ） or modeled AWCT （ C = 0.16 ） at a zero-lag, indicating that the Arctic climate system is far more complex than expected.     

Chromosome Behavior of Heat Shock Induced Triploid in Fenneropenaeus Chinensis

INTRODUCTIONTriploidanimalsareusefulbecausetheyaresterile ,characterizedbypositivegrowthinthere productiveseason ,usefulfortesting ,forintroductionofnon nativespecies ,andforprotectionofde velopedstrains.Theinductionoftriploidyhadbeenreportedinmanyaquaculturespecies .Triploidshavebeensuccessfullyinducedinshrimpusingtemperatureshockorchemicalshock (CB ,6 DMAP)in 4species :Sicyoniaingentis (Xiangetal.,1 991 ) ,Fenneropenaeuschinensis (Xiangetal.,1 992 ;Daietal.,1 993;Baoetal.,1 993;Li…     

卫星红外遥感技术在我国环保领域中的应用与发展分析

本文较为系统地分析了卫星红外遥感技术在我国秸秆焚烧、沙尘、气溶胶、颗粒物、灰霾等大气环境遥感监测,水华、水质参数、水表温度、热污染、核电厂温排水等水环境遥感监测,以及土壤含水量、地表温度、干旱、城市热岛效应等生态环境遥感监测的应用。同时,指出目前国产卫星红外载荷业务化应用程度不高、辐射定标能力不足、应用反演算法原创性不强、地面观测和试验验证能力不足等问题;并提出需大力发展国产红外传感器、提高辐射定标能力、发展国内原创监测算法、建设大型环保应用综合试验场等建议,以促进红外遥感技术在环境保护领域的应用和发展。     

成都市城市热岛效应分析

城市热岛效应是城市气候最显著的特征之一。基于地理信息系统和不同时次的遥感影像,探讨成都市地表温度、热岛强度、热岛等级的分布特征及其演变。结果表明:成都市热岛效应明显且夜间夏强冬弱,地表温度呈条状分布;日间城市多数区域属于弱热岛以上等级,中心城区偏向强热岛和极强热岛,夜间强热岛面积扩张,冬季热岛等级增加明显;2002~2012年,城市热岛等级增加,强热岛面积扩张,但存在昼夜和季节性差异。