内蒙古喀喇沁旗金蟾山金矿床控矿断裂特征

金蟾山金矿位于内蒙古喀喇沁旗安家营子花岗岩体内的断裂中,矿区断裂构造分为东、西两个断裂群,以NNE向和近SN向脆性断裂为主,成群分布,控矿断裂形成于135～126Ma期间;成矿前表现为两组共扼的节理,成矿期近SN向和NNE向断裂、主断裂与派生断裂共同控矿。     

超长管棚施工技术在山岭隧道软弱围岩中的应用

以黄衢南高速公路阳排尖隧道为例,介绍了大于30 m超长管棚施工技术;并根据现场监控量测数据,对左右洞不同管棚施工技术效果进行对比分析;分析结果显示,一次性施作超长管棚在山岭隧道软弱围岩地段有较好的实用性。     

大陆层控构造论盆－山系与造山带成因及演化新模式

大陆构造以受中地壳塑性层控制的盆－山系和冲叠造山带厚皮构造为主要构造类型，而与中生代以来才出现的受软流层控制的大洋岩石圈板块构造截然不同。由上地壳正断层上盘断陷盆地和下盘断隆山所组成的盆－山系，与地球自转速度逐渐变慢派生不同性质水平力和重力的共同作用有关。当地球自转速度突然变化时，将派生强烈的侧压力，使升降幅度较大、具有侧向应变空间的断陷盆地与断隆山之间的上地壳发生冲叠运动，盆－山系由此演变成冲叠造山带。后者对前者存在着严格的继承关系，服从于“升降－冲叠律”。中生代以来的盆－山系和冲叠造山带有的是板块活动产物     

2003年西北太平洋热带气旋活动特征分析

本文综述了2003年西北太平洋上热带气旋活动特征，并对西北太平洋副热带高压特征量及赤道东太平洋海温与常年进行比较和相关分析，从而找出2003年西北太平洋热带气旋活动特征的成因。     

Atmospheric forcing of the eastern tropical Pacific: A review

The increase in marine, land surface, atmospheric and satellite data during recent decades has led to an improved understanding of the air–sea interaction processes in the eastern tropical Pacific. This is also thanks to extensive diagnoses from conceptual and coupled ocean–atmosphere numerical models. In this paper, mean fields of atmospheric variables, such as incoming solar radiation, sea level pressure, winds, wind stress curl, precipitation, evaporation, and surface energy fluxes, are derived from global atmospheric data sets in order to examine the dominant features of the low level atmospheric circulations of the region. The seasonal march of the atmospheric circulations is presented to depict the role of radiative forcing on atmospheric perturbations, especially those dominating the atmosphere at low levels.In the tropics, the trade winds constitute an important north–south energy and moisture exchange mechanism (as part of the low level branch of the Hadley circulation), that determines to a large extent the precipitation distribution in the region, i.e., that associated with the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Monsoonal circulations also play an important role in determining the warm season precipitation distribution over the eastern tropical Pacific through a large variety of air–sea–land interaction mechanisms. Westward traveling waves, tropical cyclones, low latitude cold air intrusions, and other synoptic and mesoscale perturbations associated with the ITCZ are also important elements that modulate the annual rainfall cycle. The low-level jets of the Gulf of California, the Intra-Americas Sea (Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea) and Chocó, Colombia are prominent features of the eastern tropical Pacific low-level circulations related to sub-regional and regional scale precipitation patterns. Observations show that the Intra-Americas Low-Level Jet intensity varies with El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases, however its origin and role in the westward propagation and development of disturbances that may hit the eastern tropical Pacific, such as easterly waves and tropical cyclones, are still unclear. Changes in the intensity of the trade winds in the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico (associated with eastern tropical Pacific wind jets) exert an important control on precipitation by means of wind–topography interactions. Gaps in the mountains of southern Mexico and Central America allow strong wind jets to pass over the continent imprinting a unique signal in sea surface temperatures and ocean dynamics of the eastern tropical Pacific.The warm pools of the Americas constitute an important source of moisture for the North American Monsoon System. The northeastern tropical Pacific is a region of intense cyclogenetic activity, just west of the coast of Mesoamerica. Over the oceanic regions, large-scale properties of key variables such as precipitation, moisture, surface energy fluxes and wind stress curl are still uncertain, which inhibits a more comprehensive view of the region and stresses the importance of regional field experiments. Progress has been substantial in the understanding of the ocean and atmospheric dynamics of the eastern tropical Pacific, however, recent observational evidence such as that of a shallow meridional circulation cell in that region, in contrast to the classic concept of the Hadley-type deep meridional circulation, suggests that more in situ observations to validate theories are still necessary.This paper is part of a comprehensive review of the oceanography of the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.     

热带气旋活动对中国夏季雨带类型与ENSO的响应关系

本文分析研究了热带气旋１）活动与中国夏季２）３组（包括８种）主要多雨带类型的响应关系。同时对热带气旋活动与夏季大陆气温和ＥＮＳＯ事件的始终时间的响应关系，也进行了探讨。分析表明，夏季中国的雨带分布特征对热带气旋活动有着十分重要的指示意义。热带气旋活动与中国大陆气温有着正相关关系，与ＥＮＳＯ事件的发生有着反相关关系     

基于InSAR技术的川西高山峡谷区地质灾害早期识别研究——以小金川河流域为例

采用短基线集时序干涉测量(small baseline subset InSAR,SBAS-InSAR)技术,利用多时相合成孔径雷达数据,对川西高山峡谷区开展地表多时相、长时序形变监测与地质灾害隐患早期识别研究。介绍了时序InSAR方法原理,梳理了数据处理流程,分析了小金川河流域雷达可视性,利用2018-11—2019-12共26期的Sentinel-1A历史存档数据开展了流域内地表形变监测,结果表明: 流域内雷达视线方向的年平均形变速率为-51.12~75.28 mm/a; 依据形变异常分布规律,共判译出4处形变异常区与11处潜在地质灾害隐患点,其中6处隐患点为已知地质灾害点,其余5处隐患点尚不为人知。以隐患点P1(阿娘寨滑坡)为典型案例,开展了长时序监测分析与验证,评估利用InSAR技术开展地质灾害隐患早期识别的可靠性,证明了SBAS-InSAR技术在地质灾害早期识别中的优势及有效性,其技术成果在川西高山峡谷区具有大范围推广应用的潜力。     

热带珊瑚的高分辨率环境信息与全球变化研究进展

星罗棋布的热带珊瑚作为海洋环境的信息载体,具有分辨率高、时间跨度大、记录连续完整、体系封闭性好、蕴涵的信息丰富、可选择的代用指标多、测定简便和易于定年等特点。珊瑚有效地记录了全球环境变化的诸多信息,已成为研究过去（如末次间冰期以来）和近代（如数十至数百年以来）的气候—环境变率和可预测性（PAGES CLIVAR）领域重要的环境载体。以全球变化为背景,对近年来珊瑚环境代用指标的研究成果进行评述。重点讨论了珊瑚氧同位素和微量元素比值等指标在海表温度（SST）变化、海气交换程度、季风强弱、厄尔尼诺—南方涛动（ENSO）发生的频率和强度,以及它们之间的相互作用等全球变化的核心问题上的研究进展,并展望了南海珊瑚在高分辨率全球变化研究中的地位与方向。     

晋东北地区燕山运动的基本特征——来自1∶25万应县幅区域地质调查的总结

晋东北地区燕山期地壳活动剧烈而频繁,经历了3次由伸展→挤压转换→隆升和岩浆活动过程。燕山运动早期形成早侏罗世断陷盆地和中侏罗世挤压坳陷型聚煤构造盆地;中期中晚侏罗世形成被NW、NE向深大断裂围限的火山断陷盆地,中基性—酸性火山喷发和浅成、超浅成中酸性岩浆侵入,晚侏罗世末形成了一系列NNE向褶皱和逆冲推覆构造带;晚期早白垩世再次形成断陷盆地和开阔平缓褶皱,义县组不整合在火山岩之上,晚白垩世处于挤压造山后的山体隆升阶段,左云组不整合在义县组之上,伴随有壳源型花岗岩侵入,NW、NE向断裂复活,形成地堑、地垒式断裂组合,导致山体隆升。